Substernal goiter and laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Objective: This study aims to compare the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux signs between two groups of patients undergoing thyroidectomy for voluminous goiter: substernal goiters and voluminous cervical goiter without thoracic extension.

Subjects And Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed with data retrieved of the charts of the patients submitted to thyroidectomies occurred at a tertiary care center (Head and Neck Surgery Department, University of São Paulo Medical School) between 2010 and 2014. The selected thyroidectomies were allocated in two groups for study: patients with substernal goiters and patients with voluminous cervical goiter without thoracic extension.

Establishment of a primary culture of polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma cells.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to establish a primary cell culture derived from polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA).

Design: The neoplastic cells were derived from a 57-year-old female patient diagnosed with PLGA. A fragment of the tumor was collected and submitted to enzymatic digestion followed by centrifugation on a Percoll gradient.

Predicting and Modelling the Growth of Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria in Coalho Cheese.

Coalho is a semihard medium- to high-moisture cheese produced in various states in the northeastern region of Brazil. This study was conducted to predict the growth kinetics (maximum growth rate, Grmax) of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus using the ComBase predictor with various combinations of temperature, pH, and water activity (a) in commercial Coalho cheese samples. The growth of two antibiotic-resistant derivative strains of L.

Versatility of Chitosan-Based Biomaterials and Their Use as Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration.

Chitosan is a naturally occurring polysaccharide obtained from chitin, present in abundance in the exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects. It has aroused great interest as a biomaterial for tissue engineering on account of its biocompatibility and biodegradation and its affinity for biomolecules. A significant number of research groups have investigated the application of chitosan as scaffolds for tissue regeneration.

15d-PGJ as an endoplasmic reticulum stress manipulator in multiple myeloma in vitro and in vivo.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterised by intense protein folding and, consequently endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The prostaglandin 15d-PGJ is able to raise oxidative stress levels within the cell and potentially trigger cell death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antineoplastic effect of 15d-PGJ on MM in vitro and in vivo via ER and oxidative stress pathways.

Presence of Cells in Fresh-Frozen Allogeneic Bone Grafts from Different Tissue Banks.

Bone replacement materials have been widely used to reconstruct atrophic jawbones. Based on previous reports demonstrating the presence of viable cells in bone blocks even after processing by musculoskeletal tissue banks for orthopedic use, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of cells in bone blocks from three Brazilian tissue banks for maxillary reconstructions. All samples were processed by the respective tissue banks, according to the guidelines of the Brazilian National Sanitary Surveillance Agency.

Effects of hip and trunk muscle strengthening on hip function and lower limb kinematics during step-down task.

Background: Strengthening of the hip and trunk muscles has the potential to change lower limb kinematic patterns, such as excessive hip medial rotation and adduction during weight-bearing tasks. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hip and trunk muscles strengthening on hip muscle performance, hip passive properties, and lower limb kinematics during step-down task in women.

Methods: Thirty-four young women who demonstrated dynamic knee valgus during step-down were divided into two groups.

Efficacy of Mobile Apps to Support the Care of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that is considered a global public health problem. Education and self-monitoring by diabetic patients help to optimize and make possible a satisfactory metabolic control enabling improved management and reduced morbidity and mortality. The global growth in the use of mobile phones makes them a powerful platform to help provide tailored health, delivered conveniently to patients through health apps.

Long-term cognitive outcomes among unselected ventilated and non-ventilated ICU patients.

Background: Cognitive dysfunction is an important long-term complication of critical illness associated with reduced quality of life, increase in healthcare costs, and institutionalization. Delirium, an acute form of brain dysfunction that is common during critical illness has been shown to be associated with long-term cognitive dysfunction. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to estimate the prevalence and severity of cognitive dysfunction in an unselected population of medical and surgical ICU patients.

Factors that may influence polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma growth.

There is mounting evidence on the importance of some biological processes in tumor growth, such as vascular supply, apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence. We have investigated these processes in polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA), in an attempt to identify those that are relevant for this particular lesion. We analyzed 31 cases of PLGA using immunohistochemistry to antibodies against CD34 and CD105 to detect blood vessels; against D2-40 to detect lymphatic vessels; against Bax, Bcl-2, and survivin to explore cell apoptosis; and against Beclin and LCB3 to investigate autophagy and against p21 and p16 to assess senescence.

In vitro growth and maturation of isolated caprine preantral follicles: Influence of insulin and FSH concentration, culture dish, coculture, and oocyte size on meiotic resumption.

The aims of this study were: (1) to evaluate the effect of different insulin concentrations, alone or in combination with either a fixed FSH concentration or increasing FSH concentrations on the in vitro culture of isolated caprine preantral follicles and (2) to analyze the efficiency of two IVM media and maturation culture systems (with or without coculture with in vivo grown oocytes) on the meiosis resumption. Secondary follicles were cultured for 18 days in a basic medium supplemented with low- or high-insulin concentration alone or with a fixed FSH concentration or with increasing FSH concentrations. Oocytes grown in vivo or in vitro were matured alone or cocultured.

CYD-TDV dengue vaccine: systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy, immunogenicity and safety.

Introduction: Dengue virus (DENV) is a serious global health problem. CYD-TDC (Dengvaxia) was the first vaccine to gain regulatory approval to try and address this problem.

Aim: Summarize all available evidence on the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine.

Residual gastric volume evaluation with ultrasonography after ingestion of carbohydrate- or carbohydrate plus glutamine-enriched beverages: a randomized, crossover clinical trial with healthy volunteers.

Background: - Abbreviation of preoperative fasting to 2 hours with maltodextrin (CHO)-enriched beverage is a safe procedure and may enhance postoperative recovery. Addition of glutamine (GLN) to CHO beverages may include potential benefits to the metabolism. However, by adding a nitrogenous source to CHO beverages, gastric emptying may be delayed and increase the risk of bronchoaspiration during anesthesia.

Anethole improves the in vitro development of isolated caprine secondary follicles.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three concentrations of anethole (30, 300, and 2000 μg/mL) on survival, antrum formation, follicular diameter, and oocyte maturation in the caprine species. The study also evaluated the effects of anethole on transcripts of ICAM-1, CAV-1, TIMP-2, and PAI-1 genes and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in isolated goat preantral ovarian follicles before and after in vitro culture for 18 days. Preantral follicles were isolated from goat ovaries and individually cultured in alpha minimum essential medium modified (α-MEM), defined as the control treatment, α-MEM supplemented with ascorbic acid at a concentration of 100 μg/mL (AA), or α-MEM supplemented with three different concentrations of anethole (30, 300, 2000 μg/mL) for a period of 18 days.

Leishmania infantum: illness, transmission profile and risk factors for asymptomatic infection in an endemic metropolis in Brazil.

To evaluate the distribution of asymptomatic infection by Leishmania infantum in a metropolis in Brazil with different relative risks (RRs) for disease and risk factors associated with the infection, an ecological study was conducted using a Bayesian approach to estimate the RR of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) based on cases between 2008 and 2011. The areas were categorized and selected according to disease incidence: low (area-1), medium (area-2) and high (area-3). Cross-sectional study enrolling 935 children was used to estimate the prevalence of infection by L.

Primary photosensitization caused by ingestion of Froelichia humboldtiana by dairy goats.

This study aimed to describe the first report of an outbreak of primary photosensitization in dairy goats caused by Froelichia humboldtiana. The disease occurred from March to May 2014, in a mixed flock of 15 Saanen, Alpine, and crossbred lactating goats. The entire flock was affected; however, the Saanen and cross-bred goats developed more severe lesions, and their milk production decreased by as much as 75%.

Microcephaly in Brazil: prevalence and characterization of cases from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc), 2000-2015.

Objective: to describe the prevalence coefficients and characterize cases of microcephaly at birth in Brazil from 2000-2015.

Methods: this is a descriptive study with data from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc). The coefficients were calculated by region and characteristics of mothers and live births (LB).

External rotation elastic bands at the lower limb decrease rearfoot eversion during walking: a preliminary proof of concept.

Background: Reducing rearfoot eversion is a commonly desired effect in clinical practice to prevent or treat musculoskeletal dysfunction. Interventions that pull the lower limb into external rotation may reduce rearfoot eversion.

Objective: This study investigated whether the use of external rotation elastic bands, of different levels of stiffness, will decrease rearfoot eversion during walking.

A Combined Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor? A 7-Year Follow-Up Case.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a benign epithelial odontogenic tumor characterized by slow and progressive growth. When central lesions are associated with an unerupted permanent tooth, they are also known as the follicular type. Histological variants of AOT may complicate diagnosis with possible adverse effects on treatment and prognosis.

Fraction of Auxemma oncocalyx and Oncocalyxone A Affects the In Vitro Survival and Development of Caprine Preantral Follicles Enclosed in Ovarian Cortical Tissue.

Background: Auxemma oncocalyx and its main component oncocalyxone A (onco A) have a high level of antioxidant and antitumor activity, but there are no studies on the action of both of these drugs regarding folliculogenesis.

Material And Methods: Caprine ovarian tissue fragments were fixed (non-cultured control) or cultured for 1 or 7 days in α-MEM+ alone (cultured control) or supplemented with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 20% v/v), bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15; 100 ng/ml), doxorubicin (DXR; 0.3 g/ml), or different concentrations of A.

Evaluation of Inflammatory Response to Endodontic Sealers in a Bone Defect Animal Model.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory response to MTA Fillapex, AH Plus, and Pulp Canal Sealer Extensive Work Time (EWT), in a murine bone defect grafting model.

Materials And Methods: Bilateral mandibular critical defects were produced in 45 Wistar rats with a trephine bur#2 and filled with the endodontic sealers. After 7, 14, and 28 days, the rats were euthanized and their jaws were histologically prepared.

Mammaglobin and DOG-1 expression in polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma: an appraisal of its origin and morphology.

Background: Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) remains a diagnostic challenge for most pathologists due to its large spectrum of histological patterns. In this study, the expression of two new markers recently described for salivary gland tumors was studied in PLGA.

Methods: The morphology of 33 cases of PLGA was carefully evaluated using hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained sections and confirmed by immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin 7, vimentin, and S-100.