Atraumatic restorative treatment induces transient changes in salivary total protein and redox biomarkers in children with caries: A non-randomized clinical study.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate if dental atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) impacts salivary total protein and redox biomarkers in children with caries.

Methods: The study included 30 children (aged 4 to 6 years) with caries on posterior deciduous teeth, classified by ICCMS, attending a basic education school. Participants were divided into enamel (n = 15) and dentin (n = 15) lesion groups.

Xylan from Dinizia excelsa: Chemical characterization and biological activities.

Dinizia Excelsa is an Amazonian tree with a wide range of applications as a raw material in the industry. The objective of this study was to extract, characterize, and evaluate the biological activities of xylan extracted from Dinizia excelsa wood. The xylan was obtained in five stages, including delignification, precipitation, purification, and freeze-drying.

Pooled prevalence of Escherichia coli phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles in poultry: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Escherichia coli is a zoonotic bacterium, and its resistance to antimicrobials has become an increasing problem in global health. This study aimed to determine the phenotypic and genotypic pooled prevalence of E. coli with antimicrobial resistance profiles in poultry through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Biotransformation of Tropical Fruit By-Products for the Development of Kombucha Analogues with Antioxidant Potential.

Research Background: In a country where millions of people have nutritional needs, innovative ways of producing food from commonly wasted agro-industrial by-products, can be an important alternative for the production of fermented beverages. In light of this, the aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of fruit by-products from acerola, guava and tamarind for the production of fermented beverages.

Experimental Approach: Physicochemical and microbiological parameters, total antioxidant capacity and fermentation kinetics were investigated during the first (at 0, 48, 72, 96 and 168 h) and second fermentation (at 0 and 24 h).

Impact of saflufenacil and glyphosate-based herbicides on the morphoanatomical and development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae): new insights into a non-target tropical tree species.

The unregulated use and improper management of herbicides can cause negative effects on non-target species and promote changes in biological communities. Therefore, the current study is aimed at understanding morphoanatomical responses and effects on seedling development induced by the herbicides glyphosate and saflufenacil in Enterolobium contortisiliquum, a non-target tropical species. The plants were cultivated in a greenhouse and subjected to herbicides at doses of 0, 160, 480, and 1440 g a.

Mapping the IscR regulon sheds light on the regulation of iron homeostasis in .

The role of the iron-sulfur [Fe-S] cluster transcriptional regulator IscR in maintaining [Fe-S] homeostasis in bacteria is still poorly characterized in many groups. and other Alphaproteobacteria have a single operon encoding [Fe-S] cluster biosynthesis enzymes. We showed that the expression of this operon increases in iron starvation, but not in oxidative stress, and is controlled mainly by IscR.

Methanolic Extract of (Rhizophoraceae) Leaves: Phytochemical Characterization and Anthelmintic Evaluation against .

is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat infections, reduce inflammation, and promote healing. This study aimed to analyze the phytochemical profile of the methanolic extract of leaves (MELRm) and evaluate its in vitro schistosomicidal activity against as well as its cytotoxicity. Plant material was collected in Itamaracá City, Pernambuco, Brazil.

A catalytically inactive Calpain protease patterns the insect embryonic dorsal-ventral axis.

The calcium dependent Calpain proteases are modulatory enzymes with important roles in cell cycle control, development and immunity. In the fly model Calpain A cleaves Cactus/IkappaB and consequently modifies Toll signals during embryonic dorsal-ventral (DV) patterning. Here we explore the role of Calpains in the hemiptera , an intermediate germband insect where the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) instead of the Toll pathway plays a major role in DV patterning.

Volatile profiles of Murcott and Ponkan mandarins obtained by stir bar sorptive extraction technique and their contributions to the fruit aroma.

Citrus species have undergone immense diversification ever since their ancestral origin. Ponkan and Murcott are two mandarin varieties widely consumed in Brazil and their aroma producing active compounds have not yet been extensively investigated. The present study analyzed the volatile constituents of the Ponkan and Murcott varieties employing the stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) technique and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis for the first time.

Pre-asymptotic analysis of Lévy flights.

We study the properties of Lévy flights with index 0<α<2 at elapsed times smaller than those required for reaching the diffusive limit, and we focus on the bulk of the walkers' distribution rather than on its tails. On the basis of the analogs of the Kramers-Moyal expansion and of the Pawula theorem, we show that, for any α≤2/3, the bulk of the walkers' distribution occurs at wave-numbers greater than (2/α)1/(2α)≥1, and it remains non-self-similar for a time-scale longer than the Markovian time-lag of at least one order of magnitude. This result highlights the fact that for Lévy flights, the Markovianity time-lag is not the only time-scale of the process and indeed another and longer time-scale controls the transition to the familiar power-law regime in the final diffusive limit.

Associative Bacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Increase Drought Tolerance in Maize ( L.) through Morphoanatomical, Physiological, and Biochemical Changes.

Water deficiency has been recognized as a major abiotic stress that causes losses in maize crops around the world. The maize crop is very important due to the range of products that are derived from this plant. A potential way to reduce the damages caused by water deficiency in maize crops is through the association with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).

Profile of Facial Trauma Victims of Motorcycle Accidents: A Prospective Study.

Objective: To outline the profile of patients with facial trauma, victims of motorcycle accidents, treated at the Hospital da Restauração, Recife/PE, Brazil, from December 2020 to July 2021.

Methods: The collection was carried out through questionnaire and analysis of medical records. Data were analyzed descriptively, as well as Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.

Boosting life sciences research in Brazil: building a case for a local Drosophila stock center.

Drosophila melanogaster is undoubtedly one of the most useful model organisms in biology. Initially used in solidifying the principles of heredity, and establishing the basic concepts of population genetics and of the synthetic theory of evolution, it can currently offer scientists much more: the possibility of investigating a plethora of cellular and biological mechanisms, from development and function of the immune system to animal neurogenesis, tumorigenesis and beyond. Extensive resources are available for the community of Drosophila researchers worldwide, including an ever-growing number of mutant, transgenic and genomically-edited lines currently carried by stock centers in North America, Europe and Asia.

A Cytotoxicity Assay as an Alternative to the Murine Model for the Potency Testing of Venom and Antivenom: An Intralaboratory Pre-validation Study.

Antivenom therapy is the only specific treatment for snakebite envenomation, and antivenom potency determination is key in the efficacy assurance quality control process. Nowadays, this process relies on the murine model - thus, the development of alternative methods is imperative. In the current study, the principle of the proposed method is the ability of venom to induce cytotoxic effects in Vero cells, and the capacity to evaluate the inhibition of this cytotoxicity by the respective antivenom.

Sanguinarine: an alkaloid with promising in vitro and in vivo antiparasitic activity against different developmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni and in silico pharmacokinetic properties (ADMET).

The objective of the study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo schistosomicidal activity of sanguinarine (SA) on Schistosoma mansoni and its in silico pharmacokinetic parameters. ADMET parameters and oral bioavailability were evaluated using the PkCSM and SwissADME platforms, respectively. The activity of SA in vitro, at the concentrations of 1.

Malacological, socio-environmental evaluation, and evidence of local transmission and maintenance of schistosomiasis in an urban area of Northeast Brazil.

To present the current epidemiological scenario of schistosomiasis related to urban transmission through an epidemiological risk assessment in Porto de Galinhas, a coastal area of Pernambuco, Brazil. Malacological and parasitological surveys were performed between the years 2018 and 2020. Snails were identified taxonomically and examined to confirm infection by Schistosoma mansoni, and so to identify Schistosomiasis Transmission Foci (STF) by the artificial light exposure technique.

Sulphur Amino Acids: How Important is it to Set Reference Ranges for Each Population?

Introduction: Metabolism of sulfur amino acids requires an optimal interplay between nutritional demand, enzymes, transporters, and adequate dietary intake of B vitamins. Insufficient intake and excess are detrimental, and concentrations depend on health status. However, plasma aminothiol concentrations, previously reported in healthy subjects using highly sensitive methods, vary considerably, and age- and gender differences were observed.

The distribution and conservation of areas with microendemic species in a biodiversity hotspot: a multi-taxa approach.

Background: Microendemic species are species with very small geographic distributions (ranges). Their presence delimitates areas with microendemic species (AMs), denoting a spatial unit comprising at least one population of at least one microendemic species. AMs are assumed to be distributed distinctively and associated with specific ecological, historical, and anthropogenic attributes.