[The Relationship between the Autistic Traits and Everyday Memory Processing in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Healthy Adults].

We investigated the association between everyday memory and autistic traits in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n=22) and healthy adults (n=20) by using the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT). A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to explore the relationships between the subjects' performance on the RBMT as the objective variable and the composite score of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) as the explanatory variable. Multiple models were created with the AQ subscales ('Social skills,' 'Attention-shifting,' 'Attention to details,' 'Communication,' 'Imagination'), age, gender, the full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale added as the moderator variables.

Internalizing problems and suffering due to sensory symptoms in children and adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder.

Sensory symptoms are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies have shown a positive correlation between sensory symptoms and internalizing problems; however, the role of the suffering due to sensory symptoms is not well understood. In the present study, we hypothesized that the relationship between sensory symptoms and internalizing problems in children is mediated by children's and surrounding people's suffering due to sensory symptoms.

Relationship between the experience of being a bully/victim and mental health in preadolescence and adolescence: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Several studies have proven that the experiences of being bullied or bullying others are associated with poor mental health among adolescent youths. Our study aims to investigate the relationship between the experience of the bully/victim and mental health among preadolescents and adolescents.

Methods: Subjects were the Japanese fifth and sixth grade elementary school students (preadolescents: mean age = 11.

Dysfunction of orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices in children and adolescents with high-functioning pervasive developmental disorders.

Background: Several lines of evidence suggest that dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) contributes to the pathophysiology of pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). The purpose of this study was to investigate neuropsychological dysfunctions in both the DLPFC and OFC of children and adolescents with high-functioning PDD.

Methods: The Iowa gambling task (IGT), which reflects OFC function, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), which reflects DLPFC function, were assigned to 19 children and early adolescents with high-functioning PDD and 19 healthy controls matched for gender, age, and intelligence.

Poor performance on the Iowa gambling task in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Several lines of evidence implicate orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The purpose of this study was to investigate neuropsychological dysfunction of the orbitofrontal cortex in children with OCD.

Methods: The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), which reflects orbitofrontal cortex function, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), which is associated with functioning of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, were administered to 22 children with OCD and 22 healthy controls matched for gender, age, and intelligence.

Relationship of intentional self-harm using sharp objects with depressive and dissociative tendencies in pre-adolescence-adolescence.

Aims: The objectives of the present study were to (i) evaluate the prevalence of children and adolescents who have engaged in intentional self-harm using a sharp object; and (ii) investigate the relationship between self-harm with sharp objects and depressive tendencies or dissociative tendencies.

Methods: A total of 1938 students in grades 5-12 in Yokohama, Japan, were enrolled, and they completed anonymous self-report questionnaires including a question about intentional self-harm with a sharp object, the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children (DSRSC) and the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale (A-DES).

Results: The prevalence of self-harm using sharp object was 5.