Prediction of difficult laryngoscopy / difficult intubation cases using upper airway ultrasound measurements in emergency department: a prospective observational study.

Introduction: Difficult laryngoscopy and intubation are serious problems among critically ill patients in emergency department (ED) so utility of a rapid, accurate and noninvasive method for predicting of these patients are necessary. Ultrasonography has been recently used in this regard and this study was conducted to investigate the correlation of some introduced upper airway ultrasound parameters with difficult laryngoscopy / difficult intubation in patients referred to the ED.

Method: In this prospective observational study all patients ≥ 18-year-old who had an indication for rapid sequence intubation (RSI) were included.

The Outcome Predictors of the Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury; A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To probe the factors associated with the outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients admitted to emergency department (ED).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that data gathering was performed via census methods, retrospectively. During one year, all head injury's patients who admitted to the ED of a tertiary center in Tehran, Iran were included.

Intravenous morphine plus ibuprofen or ketorolac versus intravenous morphine alone in reducing renal colic pain intensity in emergency department: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) morphine plus ibuprofen or ketorolac versus IV morphine alone in controlling renal colic pain in the emergency department.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted during November 2018 and March 2019 in Iran. Patients aged 18-65 years with acute renal colic and numerical rating scale (NRS) score of higher than 6 of 10 were enrolled to the study.

Sub dissociative dose of ketamine with haloperidol versus fentanyl on pain reduction in patients with acute pain in the emergency department; a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Ketamine is known to be an effective factor in reducing pain without significant side effects.

Objective: One of the limited side effects of Ketamine is agitation. Due to the reduction of this symptom with Haloperidol, we decided to design a randomized clinical trial to compare the analgesic effect of Ketamine with Haloperidol and Fentanyl in reducing acute pain and its complications.

Ultrasonography indicators for predicting difficult intubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ultrasonography (US) is recently used frequently as a tool for airway assessment prior to intubation (endotracheal tube (ETT) placement), and several indicators have been proposed in studies with different reported performances in this regard. This systematic review and meta-analysis reviewed the performance of US in difficult airway assessment.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the guideline of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the Cochrane book.

Ketamine Sub-Dissociative Dose Vs. Morphine Sulfate for Acute Pain Control in Patients with Isolated Limb Injuries in the Emergency Department: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.

Objective: To compare the ketamine efficacy at a sub-dissociative morphine dose to reduce pain in isolated limb traumatic injuries.

Methods: A double-blind randomized clinical trial study was carried out on patients referred to emergency departments (EDs) due to isolated limb traumatic injuries. Eligible patients were divided into two groups which one group received 0.

How much change in pain score does really matter to patients?

Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the minimal change in pain score recognized by patients as meaningful known as minimal clinically important difference (MCID).

Methods: Pain was recordedupon admission, 30 and 60 min later and patients were asked todescribe the extent of pain change on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "much better" to "much worse". Patients reported their pain by two common pain scales comprising numeric rating scale (NRS) and visual analog scale (VAS).

A clinical prediction rule for uncomplicated ureteral stone: The STONE score; a prospective observational validation cohort study.

Introduction: Renal colic is one of the most common complaints in patients admitted to Emergency Department (ED). Computed Tomography (CT) is the reference standard for the diagnosis of any stones in the kidneys or ureters. However, CT has classical disadvantages, such as radiation exposure, cost and availability.

Low-dose intravenous ketamine versus intravenous ketorolac in pain control in patients with acute renal colic in an emergency setting: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of low-dose ketamine versus ketorolac in pain control in patients with acute renal colic presenting to the emergency department (ED).

Methods: This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The initial pain severity was assessed using the numerical rating scale (NRS).

Oral Piracetam vs Betahistine in Outpatient Management of Peripheral Vertigo; a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Although vertigo is a common complaint in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED), its ideal treatment is still under debate. This study was conducted to compare oral betahistine and oral piracetam in management of outpatients with peripheral vertigo.

Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial performed on patients who were presented to the EDs of 4 teaching hospitals, with complaint of true vertigo.

Intranasal Ketamine Administration for Narcotic Dose Decrement in Patients Suffering from Acute Limb Trauma in Emergency Department: a Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Introduction: pain management is an important and challenging issue in emergency medicine. Despite the conduct of several studies on this topic, pain is still handled improperly in many cases.

Objective: This study investigated the effectiveness of low-dose IN ketamine administration in reducing the need for opiates in patients in acute pain resulting from limb injury.

Implementation a Medical Simulation Curriculum in Emergency Medicine Residency Program.

Applying simulation in medical education is becoming more and more popular. The use of simulation in medical training has led to effective learning and safer care for patients. Nowadays educators have confronted with the challenge of respecting patient safety or bedside teaching.

Outcome of Trauma Patients Admitted to Emergency Department Based on Full Outline of Unresponsiveness Score.

Introduction: Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) score is one of the existing scoring scales, which has been used for evaluating the level of consciousness in recent years.

Objective: The present study has been done with the aim of evaluating the ability to predict the outcome of patients with head trauma based on FOUR score on admission to emergency department (ED).

Methods: In the present prospective cross-sectional study, head trauma patients with any changes in alertness level presenting to ED were evaluated.

The Accuracy of Emergency Physicians in Ultrasonographic Screening of Acute Appendicitis; a Cross Sectional Study.

Introduction: Diagnostic values reported for ultrasonographic screening of acute appendicitis vary widely and are dependent on the operator's skill, patient's gender, weight, etc. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of operator skill on the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in detection of appendicitis by comparing the results of ultrasonography done by radiologists and emergency physicians.

Methods: This prospective diagnostic accuracy was carried out on patients suspected to acute appendicitis presenting to EDs of 2 hospitals.

Efficacy of Intravenous Paracetamol Versus Intravenous Morphine in Acute Limb Trauma.

Background: Efficient pain management is one of the most important components of care in the field of emergency medicine.

Objectives: This study was conducted to compare intravenous paracetamol and intravenous morphine sulfate for acute pain reduction in patients with limb trauma.

Patients And Methods: In a randomized double-blinded clinical trial, all patients (aged 18 years and older) with acute limb trauma and a pain score of greater than 3/10 in the emergency department were recruited; they received either 1 g intravenous paracetamol or 0.