Clinical Course and Effective Factors of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux.

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most important causes of urinary tract infection and renal failure in children. It is a potentially self-limited disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical course and significant factors in children with primary VUR.

Changing trends in characteristics of infantile hydronephrosis.

Background: Hydronephrosis (HN) or calycial dilatation is the most common prenatal urologic abnormality. The aim of this study was to identify the possible changes in demographic and clinical manifestations of infantile HN in previously and recently diagnosed patients.

Methods: 193 children with infantile HN admitted to Ali-asghar Children's Hospital in two different periods (group 1; 1997-2003, and group 2; 2005-2011) were evaluated in this cross-sectional study.

Trends in steroid response among children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Introduction: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a common chronic illness in childhood and is initially treated with corticosteroids. Recent reports indicate that the incidence of steroid resistance and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is on the rise. However, these reports involved different ethnic populations.