Using an Assumed Lung Mass Inaccurately Estimates the Lung Absorbed Dose in Patients Undergoing Hepatic Yttrium Radioembolization Therapy.

Rationale: Currently, the estimated absorbed radiation dose to the lung in Y radioembolization therapy is calculated using an assumed 1 kg lung mass for all patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether using a patient-specific lung mass measurement for each patient rather than a generic, assumed 1 kg lung mass would change the estimated lung absorbed dose.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 68 patients who had undergone Y radioembolization therapy at our institution.

Abdominopelvic MR to CT registration using a synthetic CT intermediate.

Accurate coregistration of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can provide clinically relevant and complementary information and can serve to facilitate multiple clinical tasks including surgical and radiation treatment planning, and generating a virtual Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/MR for the sites that do not have a PET/MR system available. Despite the long-standing interest in multimodality co-registration, a robust, routine clinical solution remains an unmet need. Part of the challenge may be the use of mutual information (MI) maximization and local phase difference (LPD) as similarity metrics, which have limited robustness, efficiency, and are difficult to optimize.

The Role of the Microbiome in Gastroentero-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (GEP-NENs).

Gut microbiome balance plays a key role in human health and maintains gut barrier integrity. Dysbiosis, referring to impaired gut microbiome, is linked to a variety of diseases, including cancers, through modulation of the inflammatory process. Most studies concentrated on adenocarcinoma of different sites with very limited information on gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs).

Treating Recurrent Brain Metastases Using GammaTile Brachytherapy: A Case Report and Dosimetric Modeling Method.

One of the treatment options for recurrent brain metastases is surgical resection combined with intracranial brachytherapy. GammaTile® (GT) (GT Medical Technologies, Tempe, Arizona) is a tile-shaped permanent brachytherapy device with cesium 131 (Cs) seeds embedded within a collagen carrier. We report a case of treating a patient with recurrent brain metastases with GT and demonstrate a dosimetric modeling method.

Synchronous osseous metastasis, degenerative changes, and incidental multifocal Paget's disease in a case of newly diagnosed prostatic carcinoma.

Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy (bone scan) is a highly sensitive technique for the evaluation of osseous pathology. However, the nonspecificity of the method can present diagnostic challenges in differentiating benign from malignant processes. Often, Paget's disease and osseous metastasis can coexist in elderly patients.

A novel, integrated PET-guided MRS technique resulting in more accurate initial diagnosis of high-grade glioma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal malignant glioma in adults. Currently, the modality of choice for diagnosing brain tumor is high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast, which provides anatomic detail and localization. Studies have demonstrated, however, that MRI may have limited utility in delineating the full tumor extent precisely.

(111)In WBC SPECT/CT detection of a radiographically occult solitary infected renal cyst in polycystic kidney disease.

Renal cyst infection-pyocystis-is a potentially life-threatening complication of autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease. Differentiation of pyocystis from pyelonephritis is important for antibiotic management. A 56-year-old woman with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease and recurrent urinary tract infections was admitted to the hospital with suspicion of pyelonephritis.

Potential of F-18 PET/CT in the Detection of Leptomeningeal Metastasis.

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a rare but increasingly common condition in which malignant cells migrate to the meninges. The gold standard for diagnosing LM is detection of cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Contrast enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) is also used to diagnose LM.

18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic variability in functioning oncocytic parathyroid adenoma with brown tumors.

A 29-year-old female patient exhibited a solitary neck mass, severe hypercalcemia, and multiple skeletal lytic lesions consistent with metastatic neoplastic disease. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of the neck lesion indicated a follicular thyroid neoplasm. CT-guided bone biopsy was non-diagnostic.

18F-FDG PET/CT in a 16-year-old patient with hydranencephaly.

A 16-year-old male patient with a past medical history of congenital brain malformation presented for surveillance F-FDG PET/CT scan of left parotid acinic cell adenocarcinoma. F-FDG PET/CT revealed absence of gray matter activity in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres most consistent with hydranencephaly. Hydranencephaly is a rare congenital condition characterized by absent cerebral hemispheres replaced by cerebrospinal fluid-filled sacs.

Pilot pharmacokinetic and dosimetric studies of (18)F-FPPRGD2: a PET radiopharmaceutical agent for imaging α(v)β(3) integrin levels.

Purpose: To assess the safety, biodistribution, and dosimetric properties of the positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceutical agent fluorine 18 ((18)F) FPPRGD2 (2-fluoropropionyl labeled PEGylated dimeric RGD peptide [PEG3-E{c(RGDyk)}2]), which is based on the dimeric arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide sequence and targets α(v)β(3) integrin, in the first volunteers imaged with this tracer.

Materials And Methods: The protocol was approved by the institutional review board, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Five healthy volunteers underwent whole-body combined PET-computed tomography 0.

Reproducibility and accuracy of quantitative myocardial blood flow assessment with (82)Rb PET: comparison with (13)N-ammonia PET.

Unlabelled: (82)Rb cardiac PET allows the assessment of myocardial perfusion with a column generator in clinics that lack a cyclotron. There is evidence that the quantitation of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) with dynamic (82)Rb PET is feasible. The objectives of this study were to determine the accuracy and reproducibility of MBF estimates from dynamic (82)Rb PET by using our methodology for generalized factor analysis (generalized factor analysis of dynamic sequences [GFADS]) and compartment analysis.

Delayed heart rate recovery after adenosine stress testing with supplemental arm exercise predicts mortality.

Background: Delayed heart rate (HR) recovery after treadmill exercise testing predicts mortality. Patients with suspected ischemic heart disease who cannot perform adequate treadmill exercise are typically evaluated with pharmacological stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) studies, but little prognostic significance has been attributed to the hemodynamic response to vasodilator stress testing with low-level exercise. We hypothesized that a delay in HR recovery after adenosine stress testing with arm exercise is associated with increased mortality.

Myocardial blood flow and oxygen consumption in patients with Friedreich's ataxia prior to the onset of cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: We tested the hypothesis, in patients with Friedreich's ataxia and no overt structural heart disease, that impairment of cardiac oxidative metabolism may be compensated for either by increased rest myocardial blood flow or more efficient oxygen consumption in performance of external work.

Background: Friedreich's ataxia is characterized by a mutant frataxin gene, which causes mitochondrial iron overload and impaired energy production. Further, it is frequently associated with cardiomyopathy.