[Criteria for adequate respiratory support during transfer of patients to spontaneous respiration].

Time course of circulation, oxygen transport and consumption parameters were studied in patients with parenchymatous pulmonary diseases during their transfer to spontaneous respiration under conditions of pressure support ventilation after long forced ventilation of the lungs. The oxygen cost of respiration can serve as a reliable criterion of respiratory support adequacy when the use of a respirator is discontinued. With oxygen cost of respiration at least 14%, a decrease of respiratory support is hardly possible without decompensation of the respiration system and circulation, which dictates monitoring of this parameter during transfer of patients to spontaneous respiration.

[Optimization of artificial respiration parameters in patients with acute pulmonary parenchymal damage syndrome].

The relationship between the mean pressure in the trachea, generated in mechanical ventilation of the lungs (Ptr.m), and normal arterial oxygenation is linear in ventilated patients with severe bilateral acute parenchymatous damage to the lungs. Under conditions of mechanical ventilation of the lungs (MVL) with regulated volume, constant end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and inspiratory pause (eIP) are effective methods for regulating Ptr.

[Rapid method of measuring the alternative activity of the complement system].

The method is based on the ability of inulin to activate the alternative route of the complement system. The alternative activity is assessed from the consumption of the third complement component as a result of interaction with inulin. C3 is measured in experimental and control samples by kinetic titration, which permits assessing the activation of the alternative route in patients sera in less than 2 hours.

[Tracheostomy in a resuscitation unit (methodology, tactics of postoperative management, long-term results].

The experience of management of 123 patients after tracheostomy and the following prolonged controlled lung ventilation has been summarized. The techniques of tracheostomy and postoperative management that made it possible to decanulate 118 patients without additional surgical interventions have been described. The studies performed using radiopharmacological agents have revealed considerable disturbances of the pulmonary flow, foci of chronic inflammation in tracheal and bronchial cartilages, mediastinal lymph nodes and pulmonary tissue, reduction in pulmonary tissue elasticity and increase of the lung area.

[Biological activity of ischemic liver tissue].

Four fractions were isolated from extracts of ischemized and control liver tissues. Toxic activity of the fractions did not depend on the content of proteins. Distinct immunogeneity and high antigenic activity of the ischemized liver tissue were noted.