Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia Due to Cold Antibodies in a Renal Cancer Patient.

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is an acquired disorder in which antibodies are produced against self-erythrocyte antigens. We distinguish those produced by cold antibodies (IgM), which may be associated with lymphoproliferative syndromes, infectious diseases, other autoimmune phenomena, as well as drugs or solid tumours. We report a case of AIHA due to cold antibodies as a paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) in a patient with metastatic renal carcinoma.

Acute esophageal necrosis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.

A 73-year-old male with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, being treated with the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab, presented to the Emergency Room with a two-day history of coffee ground emesis and melena. On examination, he was tachycardic (130 per minute) and hypotensive (95/55 mmHg). Laboratory studies revealed anemia (6.