Stochastic nucleoid segregation dynamics as a source of the phenotypic variability in E. coli.

Segregation of the replicating chromosome from a single to two nucleoid bodies is one of the major processes in growing bacterial cells. The segregation dynamics is tuned by intricate interactions with other cellular processes such as growth and division, ensuring flexibility in a changing environment. We hypothesize that the internal stochasticity of the segregation process may be the source of cell-to-cell phenotypic variability, in addition to the well-established gene expression noise and uneven partitioning of low copy number components.

Immunoediting role for major vault protein in apoptotic signaling induced by bacterial -acyl homoserine lactones.

The major vault protein (MVP) mediates diverse cellular responses, including cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy and protection against inflammatory responses to Here, we report the use of photoactive probes to identify MVP as a target of the -(3-oxo-dodecanoyl) homoserine lactone (C12), a quorum sensing signal of certain proteobacteria including A treatment of normal and cancer cells with C12 or other -acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) results in rapid translocation of MVP into lipid raft (LR) membrane fractions. Like AHLs, inflammatory stimuli also induce LR-localization of MVP, but the C12 stimulation reprograms (functionalizes) bioactivity of the plasma membrane by recruiting death receptors, their apoptotic adaptors, and caspase-8 into LR. These functionalized membranes control AHL-induced signaling processes, in that MVP adjusts the protein kinase p38 pathway to attenuate programmed cell death.

Optimal trapping stability of Escherichia coli in oscillating optical tweezers.

Single-beam oscillating optical tweezers can be used to trap rod-shaped bacterial cells and align them with their long axis lying within the focal plane. While such configuration is useful for imaging applications, the corresponding imaging resolution is limited by the fluctuations of the trapped cell. We study the fluctuations of four of the coordinates of the trapped cell, two for its center of mass position and two for its angular orientation, showing the way they depend on the trap length and the trapping beam power.

Lower limb lengthening and deformity correction in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia using external fixation and flexible intramedullary nailing.

Unlabelled: The study describes preliminary experience of the use of external fixators for limb lengthening and deformity correction in combination with flexible intramedullary nailing in management of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.

Patients And Methods: The retrospective study included 8 patients (mean age 11.6 ± 3.

HU content and dynamics in Escherichia coli during the cell cycle and at different growth rates.

DNA-binding proteins play an important role in maintaining bacterial chromosome structure and functions. Heat-unstable (HU) histone-like protein is one of the most abundant of these proteins and participates in all major chromosome-related activities. Owing to its low sequence specificity, HU fusions with fluorescent proteins were used for general staining of the nucleoid, aiming to reveal its morphology and dynamics.

N-terminal-mediated oligomerization of DnaA drives the occupancy-dependent rejuvenation of the protein on the membrane.

DnaA, the initiator of chromosome replication in most known eubacteria species, is activated once per cell division cycle. Its overall activity cycle is driven by ATP hydrolysis and ADP-ATP exchange. The latter can be promoted by binding to specific sequences on the chromosome and/or to acidic phospholipids in the membrane.

Results of deformity correction in children with X-linked hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets by external fixation or combined technique.

Background: The operative procedures to correct multiplanar bone deformities may be indicated for prevention of secondary orthopaedic complications in children with X-linked hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets (XHPR). Different problems related to surgical correction were reported: increased rate of non-union, delayed union, recurrent deformity, deep intramedullary infection, refracture, nerve palsy, and pin tract infection. The aim of this retrospective study was comparison of results of correction in children with XHPR who underwent the treatment with either the Ilizarov device alone or a combined technique: the Ilizarov fixator with flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN) with hydroxyapatite bioactive coating and FIN.

Multiple Domains in PEX16 Mediate Its Trafficking and Recruitment of Peroxisomal Proteins to the ER.

Peroxisomes rely on a diverse array of mechanisms to ensure the specific targeting of their protein constituents. Peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs), for instance, are targeted by at least two distinct pathways: directly to peroxisomes from their sites of synthesis in the cytosol or indirectly via the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, the extent to which each PMP targeting pathway is involved in the maintenance of pre-existing peroxisomes is unclear.

Prevention of recurrence of tibia and ankle deformities after bone lengthening in children with type II fibular hemimelia.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate development of the tibia after Ilizarov lengthening and deformity correction depending on whether or not the simultaneous resection of fibular anlage was performed in children with fibular aplasia type II, who did not undergo early surgery.

Methods: The study analyses results of reconstructive treatment in 38 children at the age of over four years. Two groups of children are compared: bifocal tibial lengthening with the Ilizarov device (group I) and bifocal lengthening associated with resection of the fibular anlage (group II).

PEX16 contributes to peroxisome maintenance by constantly trafficking PEX3 via the ER.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is required for the de novo biogenesis of peroxisomes in mammalian cells. However, its role in peroxisome maintenance is unclear. To explore ER involvement in the maintenance of peroxisomes, we redirect a peroxisomal membrane protein (PMP), PEX3, to directly target to the ER using the N-terminal ER signal sequence from preprolactin.

[Peculiarities of cerebral structures functioning in adolescents with achondroplasia].

Complex neurophysiological examination (rheoencephalography, electroencephalography) was carried out in 12 adolescents 12 to 18 years old in order to reveal the peculiarities of cerebral structures functioning in adolescents with achondroplasia. Some deviations from the normal values were found out: reduced blood filling of the brain vessels in the pools of a. carotis interna and a.

Differences in the mechanisms of proapoptotic BH3 proteins binding to Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 quantified in live MCF-7 cells.

Overexpression of antiapoptotic proteins including Bcl-XL and/or Bcl-2 contributes to tumor initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy by direct interactions with proapoptotic BH3 proteins. Release of BH3 proteins from antiapoptotic proteins kills some cancer cells and sensitizes others to chemotherapy. Binding of Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 to the BH3 proteins Bad, Bid, and the three major isoforms of Bim was measured for fluorescent protein fusions in live cells using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy transfer.

The reactivation of DnaA(L366K) requires less acidic phospholipids supporting their role in the initiation of chromosome replication in Escherichia coli.

DnaA(L366K), in concert with a wild-type DnaA (wtDnaA) protein, restores the growth of Escherichia coli cells arrested in the absence of adequate levels of cellular acidic phospholipids. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that DnaA(L366K) alone does not induce the initiation of replication, and wtDnaA must also be present. Hitherto the different behavior of wt and mutant DnaA were not understood.

Membrane-catalyzed nucleotide exchange on DnaA. Effect of surface molecular crowding.

DnaA is the initiator protein for chromosomal replication in bacteria; its activity plays a central role in the timing of the primary initiations within the Escherichia coli cell cycle. A controlled, reversible conversion between the active ATP-DnaA and the inactive ADP forms modulates this activity. In a DNA-dependent manner, bound ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP.

[Peripheral hemodynamics in patients with posttraumatic osteomyelitis of leg bones].

Complex examination of peripheral hemodynamics with rheovasography, US-dopplerography and laser flowmetry was carried out in 67 patients with posttraumatic osteomyelitis of leg bones. In these patients before treatment there were sings of functional spasm of popliteal artery, increase of circulatory resistance in the bed of anterior and posterior tibial arteries, decrease of precapillary vessels reactivity by hypertonic type, decrease of capillary elasticity, their spasm, difficulty of blood outflow from great and middle veins. During treatment by transsosseous osteosynthesis main-changed type of blood flow, unstable vascular tones, decrease of greater artery elasticity, hypertoe of pre- and postcapillary small vessels were found.

[Reconstruction of vascular bed in the affected segment of the leg in patients with defects of the crural bones complicated by chronic osteomyelitis].

The article analyses the results of medical rehabilitation of 176 patients with defects in the leg bones complicated by chronic osteomyelitis by methods of transosseous osteosynthesis. In average hospitalization terms of 380.8 +/- 15.

[Various aspects of current treatment of patients with alcoholic delirium].

The study is based on the results of clinico-catamnestic evaluation of various methods (two kinds of placebo, antabuse, esperal, and a number of psychotropic drugs and their combinations) of treating 526 chronic alcoholics. Under study there were groups of the addicts comparable in the age, form and duration of the disease, and the degree of personality degradation. The data obtained show that it is preferable to individualize the application of the psychotropic means and combinations with regard to the changes in the addicts' psychics, characteristics of their premorbid personality, and the course of the disease in each particular case.

[Treatment of therapeutically resistant paranoid schizophrenic patients with Moditen-depot combined with other psychotropic drugs and Leponex].

The results of treating 251 therapeutically resistant patients with paranoid schizophrenia by moditen-depo, its combination with other psychotic drugs or leponex was compared. The results obtained indicate that a comprehensive treatment (moditen-depo with other psychotropic drugs) and by leponex may be successfully applied to some of the paranoid schizophrenics resistant to moditen-depo and other neuroleptic drugs or their combinations. Comprehensive treatment appeared to be more effective in systematized delusions, the syndrome of psychic automatisms and in a crude emotional-volitional defect.

[Differentiated treatment of patients with chronic alcoholism using modern psychotropic drugs].

By using a clinico-catamnestical method the authors studied the effectiveness of different forms of treatment in 159 chronic alcoholic patients (placebo, antabuse and psychotropic drugs). A clinical homogenous group of patients by age, form and duration of the disease, as well as by the degree of degradation, were compared. These data testify to the expediency of a differentiated use of psychotropic drugs depending upon the personality, mental state of the chronic alcoholic patients, the stage and character of the disease in each specific case.