Enhancing immobilization of ST11 lipase on polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane by bovine serum albumin and its application for biodiesel production.

The partially purified lipase from ST11 was immobilized on the surface-modified electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membrane. The effects of time and concentrations of glutaraldehyde and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied. The immobilized lipase reached the maximum activity at 180 min with the recovered activity of 44.

Magnetic Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates of Aspergillus oryzae ST11 Lipase Using Polyacrylonitrile Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biodiesel Production.

The biodiesel production by enzymatic catalysis is the environmentally friendly production process. In this work, the polyacrylonitrile coated magnetic nanoparticles were prepared and used as a core supporter for producing magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates (mCLEAs) from Aspergillus oryzae ST11 lipase with the co-feeding of bovine serum albumin (BSA). The highest immobilized lipase activity was 0.

Fractionation and activity profiling of fruit bromelain from pineapples of Phuket variety growing in Thailand.

Bromelain is a type of protease found in both fruits and stems of pineapples. Stem bromelain has been extensively studied and is commercially available for applications in various industries. In contrast, studies of fruit bromelain are quite limited since most of pineapples have been consumed freshly, canned or juiced.

Optimization of Cellulase and Xylanase Productions by Streptomyces thermocoprophilus Strain TC13W Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Tuna Condensate as Substrates.

The modified medium composed of the alkaline-pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch (APEFB) and tuna condensate powder was used for cellulase and xylanase productions by Streptomyces thermocoprophilus strain TC13W. The APEFB contained 74.46% (w/w) cellulose, 15.

Characterization of an α-amino-ɛ-caprolactam racemase with broad substrate specificity from Citreicella sp. SE45.

α-Amino-ε-caprolactam (ACL) racemizing activity was detected in a putative dialkylglycine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.

Water footprints of products of oil palm plantations and palm oil mills in Thailand.

The water footprint (WF) of fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) from oil palm plantations and crude palm oil (CPO) from palm oil mills in southern and eastern Thailand were determined over 25 years. Climatic conditions, soil characteristics, and the characteristics of oil palm growth were considered. The WF of FFBs was 1063 m(3)/ton (t) on average.

In Silico Identification for α-Amino-ε-Caprolactam Racemases by Using Information on the Structure and Function Relationship.

In silico identification for enzymes having desired functions is attractive because there is a possibility that numerous desirable enzymes have been deposited in databases. In this study, α-amino-ε-caprolactam (ACL) racemases were searched from the NCBI protein database. Four hundred thirteen fold-type I pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes which are considered to contain sequences of ACL racemase were firstly obtained by submitting the sequence of ACL racemase from Achromobacter obae to the database.

Incorporation of nisin Z and lauric arginate into pullulan films to inhibit foodborne pathogens associated with fresh and ready-to-eat muscle foods.

A combination of food grade compounds with edible films, used to inhibit foodborne pathogens associated with fresh or further processed muscle foods, is receiving considerable attention. In this study, pullulan films containing lauric arginate (LAE) and nisin Z (produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis I8-7-3 and isolated from catfish gut), alone or in combination, were investigated for controlling foodborne pathogens on fresh and further processed muscle foods after long-term refrigerated storage.

Effect of lauric arginate, nisin Z, and a combination against several food-related bacteria.

The effects of lauric arginate (LAE) and nisin Z, alone or in combination, on cell damage were investigated against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Brochothrix thermosphacta, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations, efflux of potassium and phosphate ions, and growth inhibition. A combination of LAE with nisin Z caused severe and dramatic changes in the cytoplasmic membrane and cell lysis of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The combination treatment also caused significant potassium and phosphate ion leakage of E.

Bacteriocin-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Mangrove Forests in Southern Thailand as Potential Bio-Control Agents: Purification and Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis KT2W2L.

The aim of this work was to purify and characterize the bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis KT2W2L previously isolated from mangrove forests in southern Thailand, in order to evaluate its potential as new food protective agent. The active peptide from the cell-free supernatant of this strain was purified in 4 steps: (1) precipitation with 70 % saturated ammonium sulfate, (2) elution on a reversed-phase cartridge using different concentrations of acetonitrile, (3) cation-exchange chromatography and (4) final purification by reversed-phase HPLC on a C8 column.

Alternative technologies for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from palm oil mills in Thailand.

Alternative methodologies for the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from crude palm oil (CPO) production by a wet extraction mill in Thailand were developed. The production of 1 t of CPO from mills with biogas capture (four mills) and without biogas capture (two mills) in 2010 produced GHG emissions of 935 kg carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq), on average. Wastewater treatment plants with and without biogas capture produced GHG emissions of 64 and 47% of total GHG emission, respectively.

Providencia thailandensis sp. nov., isolated from seafood processing wastewater.

The bacterial strain C1112(T) was isolated from seafood processing wastewater collected from a treatment pond of the seafood factory in Songkhla Province, Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated sequences from the 16S rRNA gene and five housekeeping genes, fusA, lepA, leuS, gyrB and ileS respectively showed that the strain C1112(T) belonged to the genus Providencia, and share 91.75% similarity with P.

Enterobacter siamensis sp. nov., a transglutaminase-producing bacterium isolated from seafood processing wastewater in Thailand.

A novel strain of Enterobacter, C2361(T), a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and facultative anaerobic bacterium with the capability to produce transglutaminase, was isolated from seafood processing wastewater collected from a treatment pond of a seafood factory in Songkhla Province, Thailand. Phylogenetic analyses and phenotypic characteristics, including chemotaxonomic characteristics, showed that the strain was a member of the genus Enterobacter. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain C2361(T) and Enterobacter cloacae subsp.

Lipids from cephalothorax and hepatopancreas of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei): compositions and deterioration as affected by iced storage.

Lipids from cephalothorax and hepatopancreas of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) stored in ice for up to 6 days were extracted and characterised. The extraction yields of lipids from hepatopancreas (10.65-12.

Hydrolysis of surimi wastewater for production of transglutaminase by Enterobacter sp. C2361 and Providencia sp. C1112.

Surimi wastewater (SWW) is an industrial wastewater, released during the washing step of surimi preparation from minced fish, that causes environmental problem. In this study, SWW produced from ornate threadfin bream (Nemipterus hexodon) was hydrolysed and used to cultivate Enterobacter sp. C2361 and Providencia sp.

Hydroxamate-based colorimetric method for direct screening of transglutaminase-producing bacteria.

Microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) is a commercial enzyme that has been applied to many protein containing foods to improve their textural property. The screening of MTGase-producing microorganisms from various sources might lead to the discovery of a new MTGase with different characteristics. This report demonstrates the use of a direct detection method for MTGase-producing bacteria grown on an agar plate by filter paper disc (FPD) assay.

Sugar ester synthesis by thermostable lipase from Streptomyces thermocarboxydus ME168.

The extracellular lipase from Streptomyces thermocarboxydus ME168 was purified to 9.5-fold with 20% yield, following concentration by acetone precipitation, ion exchange chromatography (Resource Q) and gel filtration chromatography (Superdex 200), respectively. The purified enzyme had an apparent molecular mass of 21 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).

Comparative study on protein cross-linking and gel enhancing effect of microbial transglutaminase on surimi from different fish.

Background: Microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) has been used to increase the gel strength of surimi. Nevertheless, its effectiveness varies with fish species. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of MTGase at different levels on protein cross-linking and gel property of surimi from threadfin bream, Indian mackerel and sardine in the presence and absence of endogenous transglutaminase.

Characterization of an unexpected bioemulsifier from spent yeast obtained from Thai traditional liquor distillation.

Crude biopolymer was extracted from spent yeast, lyophilized and fractionated on Sephadex G-100 to yield two fractions coded as fraction I and II. Fraction I was composed of both carbohydrates and proteins, showing emulsifying activity whereas fraction II consisted of only proteins and possessed no activity. Hence composition and chemical characterization of the purified fraction I (bioemulsifier) was analyzed using various analytical techniques.

Hydroxynitrile lyase from Passiflora edulis: Purification, characteristics and application in asymmetric synthesis of (R)-mandelonitrile.

A hydroxynitrile lyase from leaves of Passiflora edulis (PeHNL) was purified and characterized for the first time. The enzyme is a monomer of 15kDa and 18kDa by SDS-PAGE, and gel filtration, respectively. Asymmetric synthesis of (R)-mandelonitrile from benzaldehyde and acetone cyanohydrin in a biphasic system employing the PeHNL from rinds of P.

Purification and characterization of a novel (R)-hydroxynitrile lyase from Eriobotrya japonica (Loquat).

A hydroxynitrile lyase was isolated and purified to homogeneity from seeds of Eriobotrya japonica (loquat). The final yield, of 36% with 49-fold purification, was obtained by 30-80% (NH(4))(2)SO(4) fractionation and column chromatography on DEAE-Toyopearl and Concanavalin A Sepharose 4B, which suggested the presence of a carbohydrate side chain. The purified enzyme was a monomer with a molecular mass of 72 kDa as determined by gel filtration, and 62.

Biocatalytic acylation of carbohydrates with fatty acids from palm fatty acid distillates.

Palm fatty acid distillates (PFAD) are by-products of the palm oil refining process. Their use as the source of fatty acids, mainly palmitate, for the biocatalytic synthesis of carbohydrate fatty acid esters was investigated. Esters could be prepared in high yields from unmodified acyl donors and non-activated free fatty acids obtained from PFAD with an immobilized Candida antarctica lipase preparation.

Screening for new hydroxynitrilases from plants.

We established a simple HPLC method to determine the activity and stereochemistry of the chiral mandelonitrile synthesized from benzaldehyde and cyanide, and applied it to screen for hydroxynitrile lyase (HNL) activity of plant origin. A total of 163 species of plants among 74 families were examined for (R)- and (S)-HNL activities using the method. We discovered that homogenate of leaves of Baliospermum montanum shows (S)-HNL activity, while leaves and seeds from Passiflora edulis, and seeds from Eriobotrya japonica, Chaenomles sinensis, Sorbus aucuparia, Prunus mume, and Prunus persica show (R)-HNL activity.

Separation of proteases from yellowfin tuna spleen by ultrafiltration.

Separation of protease, trypsin and chymotrypsin from yellowfin tuna spleen extract by ultrafiltration (UF) using regenerated cellulose membranes with molecular weight cut off (MWCO) 30 and 100 kDa was studied. The 100 kDa membrane had a higher transmission of enzymes than that of the 30 kDa membrane. The enzyme transmission varied from 0.