Substance use patterns of HVTN phase I clinical trial participants: Enrollment, risk reduction counseling and retention.

Background: The primary objectives of HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) phase 1 preventive HIV vaccine clinical trials are to assess safety and immune response to study products. Participant alcohol and drug use may affect adherence, retention, and risk of HIV infection. Data on the effects of substance use are limited to medical care compliance and treatment adherence in HIV infected participants.

Are First Trimester Nuchal Septations Independent Risk Factors for Chromosomal Anomalies?

Objectives: There is conflicting information regarding the role of nuchal septations during first-trimester genetic screening. This study was designed to determine whether nuchal septations are risk factors for chromosomal anomalies, independent of increased nuchal translucency (NT), in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all women who underwent first-trimester genetic screening between November 2011 and December 2014.