A case of choroidal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma significantly reduced by radiotherapy.

Introduction: Choroidal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma is relatively rare and unresponsive to systemic treatment.

Case Presentation: A man in his eighties with left renal cell carcinoma and pulmonary metastasis developed visual impairment in the left eye during primary treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab followed by secondary treatment with cabozantinib. Consultation with an ophthalmologist revealed choroidal metastasis, which was subsequently treated with local radiotherapy (3 Gy × 10 Fr), resulting in a significant reduction in the metastatic lesions.

Clinicopathological characteristics of Japanese patients with breast cancer and MET exon 14 skipping alterations.

Aims: In non-small cell lung cancer, alterations in mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) have been recognized as novel therapeutic targets. In particular, the MET exon 14 skipping mutation (METex14s) is a rare oncogenic driver. Targeted therapy with MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors has recently been approved for this mutation.

Heritabilities for copy number variation of porcine endogenous retrovirus by a quantitative PCR.

Pigs (Sus scrofa) have been expected to have organs transplanted to humans, but porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) is one of the risks because the PERV has the possibility to get infected with human cells. Therefore, the pigs are required to have as low a PERV copy number as possible. In this study, firstly, we investigated the estimates of heritabilities for the PERV copy numbers in the Vietnamese native breeds.

An Autopsy Case of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 With Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm.

Here, we present an autopsy case of long-standing myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) in a patient who developed a pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). DM1 is a progressive genetic disorder that affects multiple organs, including the respiratory muscles. Several nationwide registry-based cohort studies have suggested that patients with DM1 have an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancers such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

RETINAL MIGRATION AND SURGICAL OUTCOME AFTER HEMI-TEMPORAL INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING VERSUS CONVENTIONAL PEELING FOR MACULAR HOLE: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To investigate the anatomical changes and surgical outcomes of hemi-temporal internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and conventional ILM peeling for idiopathic macular hole (MH).

Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at 3 centers and included 50 participants with MHs of <400 µm in minimum diameter for a duration of <6 months. All participants had undergone vitrectomy with either hemi-temporal ILM peeling (Hemi group) or 360° ILM peeling (360° group) with an injection of 5% sulfur hexafluoride gas, with or without simultaneous cataract surgery, from July 2017 to January 2021.

MGMT protein expression is a reliable predictive biomarker for temozolomide-containing chemotherapy in osteosarcoma.

The prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma who experience recurrence or progression (R/P) is extremely poor, and more effective and less toxic therapies are needed. In the current study, the clinical data of osteosarcoma patients who experienced R/P were retrospectively analyzed to verify the reliability of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) protein expression or MGMT promoter methylation for predicting the response to off-label temozolomide (TMZ)-containing chemotherapy. Of the 30 evaluable patients, 9 (30%) showed no/low MGMT protein expression, whereas all 16 evaluable patients had unmethylated MGMT promoter irrespective of MGMT protein expression levels.

[Experience with an international study on standard-risk relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (IntReALL SR 2010 study) in Japan].

Many effective new agents for relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are now becoming available, and international standard chemotherapy should be developed to optimize use of these agents. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to establish a standard treatment, but few have been conducted for relapsed childhood ALL in Japan due to the small patient population. Participation in international RCTs is necessary to access sufficient patients for informative study results, but differences in approved drugs and healthcare systems between countries make this challenging.

Statistics of bone sarcoma in Japan: report from the population-based cancer registry in Japan.

Background: No previous reports have characterized national bone sarcoma profiles overall. We examined the nationwide statistics for bone sarcoma in Japan using data from the National Cancer Registry (NCR), a population-based cancer registry.

Methods: We identified 3,755 patients with bone sarcomas entered in the NCR during 2016-2019 using International Classification of Diseases-Oncology, Third Edition codes for cancer topography and morphology.

Malignant melanoma in a 12-year-old boy 17 months after completing hepatoblastoma treatment.

Background: Melanoma is rare as a secondary malignant neoplasm among childhood cancer survivors.

Case: We report a case of a 12-year-old boy who developed malignant melanoma with systemic metastases 17 months after completing treatment for hepatoblastoma. The diagnosis was made unexpectedly based on a bone marrow examination.

Age-related changes in static balance in older women aged in their early sixties to their late eighties: different aging patterns in the anterior-posterior and mediolateral directions.

Objective: The aim of this study was to cross-sectionally investigate how static balance changes throughout the aging process in older women aged from their early sixties to their late eighties.

Methods: Forty-six older women (aged 62-89 years) were requested to stand barefoot and quietly on a force platform for 30 s with their eyes either open or closed. During the trials, the position of the center of foot pressure (CoP) and the acceleration of the body's center of mass (ACC) were measured.

The impact of rare cancer and early-line treatments on the benefit of comprehensive genome profiling-based precision oncology.

Background: Comprehensive genome profiling (CGP) serves as a guide for suitable genomically matched therapies for patients with cancer. However, little is known about the impact of the timing and types of cancer on the therapeutic benefit of CGP.

Materials And Methods: A single hospital-based pan-cancer prospective study (TOP-GEAR; UMIN000011141) was conducted to examine the benefit of CGP with respect to the timing and types of cancer.

Acidic Derivatization of Thiols Using Diethyl 2-Methylenemalonate: Thiol-Michael Addition Click Reaction for Simultaneous Analysis of Cysteine and Cystine in Culture Media Using LC-MS/MS.

Cysteine (Cys) and its oxidized form, cystine (Cys2), play crucial roles in biological systems and have considerable applications in cell culture. However, Cys in cell culture media is easily oxidized to Cys2, leading to solubility issues. Traditional analytical methods struggle to maintain the oxidation states of Cys and Cys2 during analysis, posing a significant challenge to accurately measuring and controlling these compounds.

Neuropathological changes associated with aberrant cerebrospinal fluid p-tau181 and Aβ42 in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Recent studies suggest that increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phospho-tau is associated with brain amyloid pathology rather than the tau pathology. However, confirmation using gold standard neuropathological assessments remains limited. This study aimed to determine background pathologies associated with aberrant CSF p-tau181 and amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ42) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Multiple environmental antigens may trigger autoimmunity in psoriasis through T-cell receptor polyspecificity.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a T-cell mediated autoimmune skin disease. is the main psoriasis-specific risk gene. Using a Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 T-cell receptor (TCR) from a lesional psoriatic CD8 T-cell clone we had discovered that, as an underlying pathomechanism, HLA-C*06:02 mediates an autoimmune response against melanocytes in psoriasis, and we had identified an epitope from ADAMTS-like protein 5 (ADAMTSL5) as a melanocyte autoantigen.