Gaze measurements during viewing human dialogue scenes in adults with ADHD: Preliminary findings.

Aim: Eye gaze measurement to human dialogue scenes in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was investigated. We examined whether eye gaze measurement might be a biological marker of ADHD.

Methods: Twenty-two individuals with ADHD (mean age, 34.

Management of patients with advanced prostate cancer in Japan: 'real-world' consideration of the results from the Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference.

A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to manage advanced prostate cancer. The Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC) in 2019 provided a practical guide to help clinicians consider therapeutic options in controversial areas, but healthcare systems vary across the world. At the 109th annual meeting of the Japanese Urological Association in December 2021, Japanese urologists voted on the questions in the APCCC 2019 guidelines regarding prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET), management of oligometastatic prostate cancer, management of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), management of a primary tumor in metastatic settings, systemic treatment of newly diagnosed metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC), management of metastatic CRPC (mCRPC), and tumor genomic testing.

Orthodontic Management of the Edentulous Space Caused by Surgical Removal of a Large Dentigerous Cyst.

Herein, we report the orthodontic management of a patient with excessive bone and permanent tooth loss after surgical cyst removal. The patient was a 13-year-old Japanese boy who was referred to our department by an oral surgeon. He had an edentulous space with alveolar bone loss and loss of 2 permanent molars in the left mandibular region, following surgical removal of a large dentigerous cyst.

Effects of Gaze Cues on Distributive Behavior of the Ultimatum Game in Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have difficulty in social decision-making. The ultimatum game (UG) is a popular economic game used to evaluate social decision-making. This study aimed to examine the effects of schematically depicted eyes and ADHD symptoms on UG performance.

Safety and efficacy of apalutamide in Japanese patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy: Final report for the Japanese subpopulation analysis of the randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III TITAN study.

Objectives: The TITAN study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational trial that evaluated apalutamide with androgen deprivation therapy in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. At the first interim analysis in the Japanese subpopulation (median follow-up 25.7 months), there was an improvement in overall survival and radiological progression-free survival with apalutamide versus placebo.

Role of Early Serial Renal Transplant Allograft Protocol Biopsies in Living Kidney Transplantations.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the incidence of subclinical rejection (SCR) in kidney transplantation patients and risk factors associated with SCR.

Methods: We assessed 80 protocol biopsies taken within 2 years postoperatively in 41 adult patients who underwent living donor kidney transplantation between 2017 and 2020. All patients were on immunosuppressant therapy that included tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids.

Unmet needs in non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer from the Japanese patient perspective: a discrete choice experiment.

Objectives: With novel antiandrogen treatments of varying clinical benefits and risks becoming available, this study investigates how patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) value differences in treatment characteristics.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Setting: A discrete choice experiment was conducted.

Apalutamide for patients with metastatic castrationsensitive prostate cancer in East Asia: a subgroup analysis of the TITAN trial.

Ethnicity might be associated with treatment outcomes in advanced prostate cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with apalutamide in East Asians with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). The original phase 3 Targeted Investigational Treatment Analysis of Novel Anti-androgen (TITAN) trial was conducted at 260 sites in 23 countries.

Patient-reported outcomes following neoadjuvant endocrine therapy, external beam radiation, and adjuvant continuous/intermittent endocrine therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: A randomized phase III trial.

Background: We evaluated patient-reported outcomes (PRO) during neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) followed by either adjuvant continuous ADT (CADT) or intermittent ADT (IADT) for patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (Pca).

Methods: A multicenter, randomized phase III trial enrolled 303 patients with locally advanced Pca. The patients were treated with 6 months (M) of ADT followed by 72 Gy of EBRT, and were randomly assigned to CADT or IADT after 14 M.

Efficacy and safety of apalutamide in Japanese patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a subgroup analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase-3 study.

Background: In the global Phase-3 Selective Prostate Androgen Receptor Targeting with ARN-509 study, apalutamide plus ongoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) significantly increased metastasis-free survival (MFS) and improved other clinical outcomes in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nm-CRPC) who were at high risk of developing metastases. In this subpopulation analysis of Selective Prostate Androgen Receptor Targeting with ARN-509 study, the efficacy and safety of apalutamide plus ADT were evaluated in Japanese patients with nm-CRPC.

Methods: The primary efficacy end point was MFS.

Apalutamide for metastatic, castration-sensitive prostate cancer in the Japanese population: A subgroup analysis of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 TITAN study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of apalutamide + androgen deprivation therapy versus androgen deprivation therapy alone in Japanese patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer from the phase 3, randomized, global TITAN study.

Methods: Men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer randomly (1:1) received 240 mg apalutamide + androgen deprivation therapy or matching placebo + androgen deprivation therapy. The primary efficacy endpoints were radiographic progression-free survival and overall survival.

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia in the mandible: a case report.

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is histopathologically characterized by papillary proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. IPEH in the mandible is very rare, such that only four affected patients have been described in the English-language medical literature. Thus, there is a poor understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical features of IPEH in the mandible.

A randomized phase III trial of personalized peptide vaccination for castration‑resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel.

First‑line chemotherapy for men with metastatic castration‑resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has been employed to improve overall survival (OS) and progression‑free survival (PFS). However, several new agents for CRPC after first‑line chemotherapy prolonged survival by only a few months. To develop a new treatment modality, we conducted a phase III randomized trial of personalized peptide vaccination (PPV) for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‑A24‑positive patients with castration‑resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) for whom docetaxel chemotherapy failed.

Oncological outcomes for patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with neoadjuvant endocrine and external-beam radiation therapy followed by adjuvant continuous/intermittent endocrine therapy in an open-label, randomized, phase 3 trial.

Background: To date, research has not determined the optimal procedure for adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa) treated for 6 months with neoadjuvant ADT and external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT).

Methods: A multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial enrolled 303 patients with locally advanced PCa between 2001 and 2006. Participants were treated with neoadjuvant ADT for 6 months.

Spontaneous theory of mind in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Spontaneous theory of mind (ToM) is an unconscious and automatic understanding of others' mental states. Recently, individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been shown to have social and communication difficulties, and ToM in ADHD has come under scrutiny. Although some studies have employed explicit ToM tasks to this end with contradictory results, none, to our knowledge, has investigated spontaneous ToM in individuals with ADHD.

Mixed 20-peptide cancer vaccine in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase II trial.

A novel cancer vaccine consisting of 20 mixed peptides (KRM-20) was designed to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against twelve different tumor-associated antigens. The aim of this phase II trial was to examine whether KRM-20 in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone enhances the antitumor effects in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase II study, we enrolled chemotherapy-naïve patients with CRPC from ten medical centers in Japan.

Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan.

Purpose: Although gender differences have been reported in various aspects of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), such as prevalence, comorbidities, and social functioning, there have been few such studies conducted in Japan. Our research investigated gender differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adults with ADHD in a Japanese clinical sample. Due to unique Japanese cultural ideals and expectations of women's behavior that are in opposition to ADHD symptoms, we hypothesized that women with ADHD experience more difficulties and present more dysfunctions than men.

Pyoderma gangrenosum after radical prostatectomy: case report.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a skin disease characterized by an unknown neutrophilic infiltration in dermis and a nonbacterial destructive ulcer. Post-operative PG is an extremely rare type that occurs around surgical sites during the immediate post-operative period. It is usually diagnosed as surgical site infection at the time of presentation.

Intense water-window soft x-ray emission by spectral control using dual laser pulses.

We demonstrate intense emission in the water-window soft x-ray spectral region by controlling the spectral behavior through changing the balance between emissivity and self-absorption in an expanding plasma. The number of photons obtained from a dual laser irradiated target with a 150-ps pre-pulse was maximized at 3.8 × 10 photons/sr in λ = 2.

Selection of target elements for laser-produced plasma soft x-ray sources.

We demonstrated the upper limitation to the number of shots, i.e., target lifetime, together with the number of photons emitted in the water-window soft x-ray spectral region from a number of targets used as sources in this spectral region, for multi-shot irradiation at the same position on the target surface.