Skin-brain dialogue in auto-inflammatory diseases: A new route to biomarkers?

Autoinflammatory diseases (AID) are rare systemic inflammatory disorders due to monogenic or polygenic dysfunction of innate immunity. They affect many organs including the brain and the skin. The spectrum of these diseases has been rapidly expanding recently due to newly developed diagnostic tools.

Impact of Fetal Umbilical Cord Blood CD34+ Cells on Breast Cancer Cell Lines: A Mechanism of Fetal Microchimerism.

Introduction: Fetal microchimerism could be involved in the regulation of breast cancer oncogenesis. CD34+ cells could be of a particular interest as up to 12% of the CD34+ population in maternal blood are of fetal origin. The aim of this research was to analyze the impact of umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34+ on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, in order to uncover novel biological mechanisms and suggest novel treatment options for breast cancer.

Extending the dosing intervals of nivolumab: model-based simulations in unselected cancer patients.

Background: Reducing nivolumab dose intensity could increase patients' life quality and decrease the financial burden while maintaining efficacy. The aims of this study were to develop a population PK model of nivolumab based on data from unselected metastatic cancer patients and to simulate extended-interval regimens allowing to maintain minimal effective plasma concentrations (MEPC).

Methods: Concentration-time data (992 plasma nivolumab concentrations, 364 patients) were modeled using a two-compartment model with linear elimination clearance in Monolix software.

Enhanced fetal hematopoiesis in response to symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.

Background: Pregnant women and their fetuses are particularly susceptible to respiratory pathogens. How they respond to SARS-CoV-2 infection is still under investigation.

Methods: We studied the transcriptome and phenotype of umbilical cord blood cells in pregnant women infected or not with SARS-CoV-2.

Burden of grade 3 or 4 liver injury associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background & Aims: There is concern about the burden of liver injury in patients with cancer exposed to immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the likelihood of grade 3/4 liver injury, of grade 3/4 cholestatic liver injury, and of liver failure, as per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5, following treatment with ICIs. We compared these occurrences with a group of cancer patients who were propensity-matched and treated with conventional chemotherapy.

Role of MR1-driven signals and amphiregulin on the recruitment and repair function of MAIT cells during skin wound healing.

Tissue repair processes maintain proper organ function following mechanical or infection-related damage. In addition to antibacterial properties, mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells express a tissue repair transcriptomic program and promote skin wound healing when expanded. Herein, we use a human-like mouse model of full-thickness skin excision to assess the underlying mechanisms of MAIT cell tissue repair function.

Contribution of fetal microchimeric cells to maternal wound healing in sickle cell ulcers.

Leg ulcers are a major complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). They are particularly challenging to treat and innovative therapies are needed. We previously showed that the healing of SCD ulcers is delayed because of decreased angiogenesis.

Chemical characterization of inks in skin reactions to tattoo.

Skin reactions are well described complications of tattooing, usually provoked by red inks. Chemical characterizations of these inks are usually based on limited subjects and techniques. This study aimed to determine the organic and inorganic composition of inks using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES) and Raman spectroscopy, in a cohort of patients with cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to tattoo.

CCL2 recruits fetal microchimeric cells and dampens maternal brain damage in post-partum mice.

Preventing brain cell loss and enhancing tissue repair are crucial objectives to improve the outcome of stroke. Fetal microchimerism has been implicated in brain repair following ischemic stroke in mice. CCL2/CCR2 signaling pathway triggers fetal progenitors trafficking to cutaneous wounds.

Genetic landscape of indolent and aggressive Kaposi sarcomas.

Background: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a rare skin tumour caused by herpesvirus 8 infection and characterized by either indolence or an aggressive course necessitating systemic therapies. The genetic basis of this difference remains unknown.

Objectives: To explore the tumour mutational burden in indolent and aggressive KS.

The myeloid mineralocorticoid receptor regulates dermal angiogenesis and inflammation in glucocorticoid-induced impaired wound healing.

Background And Purpose: Delayed wound healing is among the deleterious consequences of over-activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) induced by topical dermocorticoids. The role of dermal inflammation and angiogenesis in the benefits of MR blockade is unknown.

Experimental Approach: Skin wounds were made on C57Bl6 mice after topical pretreatment with the dermocorticoid clobetasol.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals age-resistant maintenance of cell identities, stem cell compartments and differentiation trajectories in long-lived naked mole-rats skin.

Naked mole-rats (NMR) are subterranean rodents characterized by an unusual longevity coupled with an unexplained resistance to aging. In the present study, we performed extensive analysis and single-cell RNA-sequencing comparing young and older animals. At variance with other species, NMR exhibited a striking stability of skin compartments and cell types, which remained stable over time without aging-associated changes.

Evaluation of the prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions in consecutive patients with skin psoriasis: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

The association between psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and psoriasis is well known, but some have suggested that other musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions might also be more common in patients with skin psoriasis compared with the general population. The aim of our study was to describe the prevalence of a large panel of MSK conditions, in consecutive patients with psoriasis according to skin phenotype. This was a cross-sectional study.