Antimicrobial Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles and Species on and Several Other Microorganisms.

This study evaluates the antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs), varying in size, against clinical isolates of (MTB), , , , and , as well as the antimicrobial effects of aqueous extracts and lyophilized powders of (garlic) species. CNPs were synthesized through ionotropic gelation and characterized by Z potential, hydrodynamic diameter (dynamic light scattering, DLS), and SEM. Aqueous garlic extracts were prepared via decoction.

Inhibitory Activity of 4-Benzylidene Oxazolones Derivatives of Cinnamic Acid on Human Acetylcholinesterase and Cognitive Improvements in a Mouse Model.

We synthesized seven ()-benzylidene-2-()-styryloxazol-5(4)-ones derivatives of cinnamic acid and evaluated the ability of these compounds to inhibit human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE). The most potent compound was evaluated for cognitive improvement in short-term memory. The seven compounds reversibly inhibited the hAChE between 51 and 75% at 300 μM, showed an affinity () from 2 to 198 μM, and an IC from 9 to 246 μM.

Memantine as a neuroprotective agent in ischemic stroke: Preclinical and clinical analysis.

The primary mechanism for neuron death after an ischemic stroke is excitotoxic injury. Excessive depolarization leads to NMDA-mediated calcium entry to the neuron and, subsequently, cellular death. Therefore, the inhibition of the NMDA channel has been proposed as a neuroprotective measure in ischemic stroke.

Hybrid Systems of Nanofibers and Polymeric Nanoparticles for Biological Application and Delivery Systems.

Nanomedicine is a new discipline resulting from the combination of nanotechnology and biomedicine. Nanomedicine has contributed to the development of new and improved treatments, diagnoses, and therapies. In this field, nanoparticles have notable importance due to their unique properties and characteristics, which are useful in different applications, including tissue engineering, biomarkers, and drug delivery systems.

Micronutrient Deficiency Pre- and Post-bariatric Metabolic Surgery in Latin America: a Systematic Review.

Background: Persons submitted to bariatric metabolic surgery present micronutrient deficiency before and after surgery, due to the lack of proper supplementation. The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of micronutrient deficiency in people before and after bariatric metabolic surgery in Latin America.

Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the 2020 PRISMA Guidelines.

Self-care model and body image in adults after a bariatric surgery.

Objective: the aim of the present article was to test a self-care model explained by the relationship between self-efficacy, body image, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression in people with bariatric surgery in the city of Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.

Method: this was a correlational cross-sectional study carried out between August and December 2020. Validated instruments were administered to 102 participants to measure their self-care capacity, general self-efficacy, psychopathological symptoms, and body image perception and satisfaction.

Association between Stress and Metabolic Syndrome and its Mediating Factors in University Students.

Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the association between perceived stress and indicators of metabolic syndrome and how this association is mediated by sleep problems, unhealthy eating habits, and night eating syndrome, in addition to serum levels of ghrelin and cortisol in university students.

Methods: We recruited 192 students from a public university in Mexico. Weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure were taken in accordance with standard protocols.

Efficacy of a multivitamin adherence program based on cognitive dissonance for bariatric patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Objectives: Micronutrient deficiencies are common among bariatric patients; this study aimed to determine whether a cognitive dissonance-based virtual program improved adherence to multivitamin use in bariatric patients from northern Mexico.

Methods And Study Design: A randomized controlled trial of the supplementation strategy was conducted over three months. The participants were randomized to an intervention or waitlisted control group and received two psycho-educative and four cognitive dissonance virtual sessions.

Body Image, Anxiety, and Bulimic Behavior during Confinement Due to COVID-19 in Mexico.

Background: The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on weight, shape-related appearance behaviors (body image dissatisfaction), and bulimic symptoms in nonclinical participants is poorly evaluated. This study aimed to identify the relationship between labor status, confinement degree due to COVID-19, dissatisfaction with body image, and anxiety and to discover its effect on bulimic behavior in Mexican adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 276 participants via an online survey.

Epicatechin and quercetin exhibit in vitro antioxidant effect, improve biochemical parameters related to metabolic syndrome, and decrease cellular genotoxicity in humans.

Metabolic syndrome is a condition whose incidence has been increasing around the world. It promotes a metabolic state of chronic systemic inflammation, correlated to cellular stress and genetic mutations, and subsequently with deadly chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. A randomized placebo-controlled study (n = 156) was conducted to determine the effects of consuming an enriched bread with 0.

Impact of Intake and Exercise (SIE) on Metabolic and Fitness Parameters in Sedentary Older Adults with Excessive Body Mass: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Life expectancy has increased unprecedentedly in recent decades, benefiting the longevity of the world's population. The most frequent pathological conditions presented in this age group include excessive body fat, frailty, and hypercholesterolemia. These pathological characteristics condition general health and autonomy in adults to carry out their usual activities.

Cognitive improvements in a rat model with polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA and DHA through α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

The α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) is a recognized target for the treatment of dementia associated with aging and certain developmental disorders. This study evaluates memory improvement in a rat model by the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA and DHA mediated by α7-nAChR, as well as identifying the minimum dose of EPA/DHA required to generate an effect in the improvement of cognition through α7-nAChR in rats. The modified Y-maze and object recognition behavioral tests were performed in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats, in order to study the effects of long-term supplementation (10, 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg) of the two polyunsaturated fatty acids in improving cognitive impairment.

Radiation Grafting of a Polymeric Prodrug onto Silicone Rubber for Potential Medical/Surgical Procedures.

Silicone rubber (SR) is a material used for medical procedures, with a common example of its application being in implants for cosmetic or plastic surgeries. It is also an essential component for the development of medical devices. SR was functionalized with the polymeric prodrug of poly(2-methacryloyloxy-benzoic acid) (poly(2MBA)) to render the analgesic anti-inflammatory drug salicylic acid by hydrolysis.

Adverse drug reactions' reporting in a Mexican hospital.

Objectives: To summarize the procedure for reporting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in a Mexican hospital, with the purpose of promoting and facilitating the report of ADRs by the heath team. We outline the relevance of pharmacists in performing these activities in Mexican hospitals.

Methods: A pharmacovigilance study was carried out following the establishment of the Pharmacovigilance Unit of a Mexican hospital on January 2014 through March 2019.

Mucoadhesive electrospun nanofibers for drug delivery systems: applications of polymers and the parameters' roles.

Electrospun nanofibers have been widely studied for many medical applications. They can be designed with specific features, including mucoadhesive properties. This review summarizes the polymeric scaffolds obtained by the electrospinning process that has been applied for drug release in different mucosal sites such as oral, ocular, gastroenteric, vaginal, and nasal.

Drugs Loaded into Electrospun Polymeric Nanofibers for Delivery.

The electrospinning technique is a useful and versatile approach for conversion of polymeric solutions into continuous fibers, ranging from a few micrometers (10-100 μm) to the scale of nanometers (10- 100 nm) in diameters. This technique can be used in a vast number of polymers, in some cases after modifying them to the required properties. The high surface-to-volume ratio of the fibers can improve some processes like cell binding and proliferation, drug loading, and mass transfer processes.

Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Farmers Associated with Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure in a Rural Village of Northwest México.

This study aims to determine the degree of acetylcholinesterase inhibition and neurological symptoms for each of the psychiatric disorders diagnosed in the farm workers of a rural population in the state of Baja California, Mexico. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 140 agricultural workers (exposed participants). The study was run using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Diagnostic Test (MINI), a pre-established questionnaire to diagnose the mental state of each agricultural worker.

A Summary of Electrospun Nanofibers as Drug Delivery System: Drugs Loaded and Biopolymers Used as Matrices.

Recently, electrospun polymeric nanofibers have proven to be an interesting strategy for drug delivery systems application. The high surface-to-volume ratio of the fibers can improve some processes, such as cell binding and proliferation, drug loading, and mass transfer processes. One of the most important and studied areas of electrospinning is in the drug delivery field, for the controlled release of active substances ranging from antibiotics and anticancer agents to macromolecules such as proteins and DNA.

Hydrophobic weak acid polymers as controlled release carriers.

Poly(carboxyalkyl methacrylates) were studied as a cationic-drug delivery system, at pH 6.8 and 8.0.