Role of antioxidative activity in the docosahexaenoic acid's enteroprotective effect in the indomethacin-induced small intestinal injury model.

Therapeutic effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been related with gastrointestinal injury. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), can prevent gastric and small intestinal damage. Nonetheless, contribution of antioxidative action in the protective effect of DHA has not been evaluated before in the small intestine injury after indomethacin treatment.

Role of LTB4 and nitric oxide in the gastroprotective effect of leaves extract in the indomethacin-induced gastric injury in the rat.

Gastric injury is mainly described by inflammation of the gastric epithelium. Recently, our group of work demonstrated that leaves extract induces both an antioxidative action and an gastroprotective effect in a rat. However, the molecules involved in the gastroprotective action by are not known.

Synergistic protective effects between docosahexaenoic acid and omeprazole on the gastrointestinal tract in the indomethacin-induced injury model.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most commonly used drugs due to their antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. However, NSAIDs can cause adverse reactions, mainly gastrointestinal damage. Omeprazole (OMP) exhibits gastroprotective activity, but its protection is limited at the intestinal level.

Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and gaso-protective mechanism of 3α-hydroxymasticadienoic acid and diligustilide combination on indomethacin gastric damage.

The co-administration of 3α-hydroxymasticadienoic acid (3α-OH MDA) and diligustilide (DLG) generates a synergist gastroprotective effect on indomethacin-induced gastric damage. However, the related protective activities of the compounds alone (or in combination) remain unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities, as well as the potential modulation of important gasotransmitters of each compound individually and in combination using the indomethacin-induced gastric damage model.

The antihyperalgesic effect of docosahexaenoic acid in streptozotocin-induced neuropathic pain in the rat involves the opioidergic system.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that has shown an antinociceptive effect in multiple pain models, such as inflammatory and neuropathic pain by chronic constriction injury in rats; however, its mechanism of action is still not well-understood. Reports suggest that DHA activates opioid signaling, but there is no information on this from a model of neuropathic pain. As a result, the aims of this study were (1) to determine the antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effect of peripheral DHA administration, and (2) to evaluate the participation of the opioid receptors in the antihyperalgesic effect of DHA on streptozotocin-induced neuropathic pain in the rat.

Synergistic interaction between docosahexaenoic acid and diclofenac on inflammation, nociception, and gastric security models in rats.

Preclinical Research & Development The addition of polyunsaturated fatty acids to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can increase their antinociceptive activity and produce a gastroprotective effect. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of the interaction between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and diclofenac on inflammation (fixed ratios 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1), nociception (fixed ratio 1:3), and gastric injury in rats. DHA, diclofenac, or combinations of DHA and diclofenac produced anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in rat.

Pharmacological interaction of α-bisabolol and diclofenac on nociception, inflammation, and gastric integrity in rats.

Preclinical Research & Development The combination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with herbal products having analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects may increase their beneficial effects and limit their side effects. In this study, the effects of an interaction between α-bisabolol and the NSAID, diclofenac on nociception (formalin test), inflammation (paw inflammation produced by carrageenan) and gastric injury in rat was assessed. Diclofenac, α-bisabolol, or diclofenac-α-bisabolol combinations produced antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in rat (p < .

Supra-Additive Interaction of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Naproxen and Gastric Safety on the Formalin Test in Rats.

Preclinical Research The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics-nociception-of naproxen in rats, as well as to determine the gastric safety resulting from this combination versus naproxen alone. Female Wistar rats were orally administered DHA, naproxen or the DHA-naproxen mixture at fixed-ratio combination of 1:3. The antinociceptive effect was evaluated using the formalin test.

Evidence against the participation of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of single-dose curcumin against gastrointestinal damage induced by indomethacin in rats.

Objective: To determine the role of a pharmacokinetic interaction in the protective effect of curcumin against the gastric damage induced by indomethacin administration as such or as its prodrug acemetacin.

Methods: Wistar rats orally received single dose of indomethacin (30 mg/kg) with and without curcumin (30 mg/kg); gastric injury was evaluated by determining the total damaged area. Additional groups of rats received an oral single dose of indomethacin (30 mg/kg) or its prodrug acemetacin (34.

Participation of potassium channels in the antinociceptive effect of docosahexaenoic acid in the rat formalin test.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that has shown gastroprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in different models. However, its action mechanism is still not well-defined. Reports indicate that some PUFAs regulate potassium (K) channels in ventricular myocytes of rodents.

Synergistic antinociceptive effect and gastric safety of the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and indomethacin in rats.

The use of analgesics is limited by the presence of significant adverse side effects. Thus, combinations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with other antinociceptive agents are frequently used to decrease these adverse reactions. The aims of this work were to evaluate the antinociceptive interaction of the systemic administration of the combination of DHA and indomethacin through an isobolographic analysis of the theoretical and experimental antinociceptive effect and to demonstrate the gastric safety of the mixture compared with indomethacin alone.

Pharmacological evidence for the participation of NO-cGMP-KATP pathway in the gastric protective effect of curcumin against indomethacin-induced gastric injury in the rat.

Curcumin, main compound obtained from rizhoma of Curcuma longa, shows antitumoral, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and gastric protective properties. Recently, it has been demonstrated that curcumin exerts its gastric protective action due to an increase in gastric nitric oxide (NO) levels. However, it is unknown whether these increased NO levels are associated with activation of intracellular signaling pathways.

Evidence for the Participation of ATP-sensitive Potassium Channels in the Antinociceptive Effect of Curcumin.

Background: It has been reported that curcumin, the main active compound of Curcuma longa, also known as turmeric, exhibits antinociceptive properties. The aim of this study was to examine the participation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP) channels) and, in particular, that of the L-arginine-nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-K(ATP) channel pathway, in the antinociceptive effect of curcumin.

Methods: Pain was induced by the intraplantar injection of 1% formalin in the right hind paw of Wistar rats.

Carbenoxolone gastroprotective mechanism: participation of nitric oxide/(c) GMP/K(ATP) pathway in ethanol-induced gastric injury in the rat.

Carbenoxolone, a semi-synthetic triterpenoid, exhibits gastroprotective activity related to the participation of nitric oxide (NO); however, the complete NO/(c) GMP/K(ATP) channels pathway for carbenoxolone is unknown. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the NO/(c) GMP/K(ATP) channels pathway as the gastroprotective mechanism of carbenoxolone in the ethanol-induced gastric injury model in the rat. Oral administration of carbenoxolone (30 mg/kg, p.

Inhibition of endogenous hydrogen sulfide synthesis by PAG protects against ethanol-induced gastric damage in the rat.

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a gaseous mediator involved in a multitude of physiological functions; however the role of H(2)S in the gut is far from being understood completely. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of d-l-propargylglycine (PAG), an inhibitor of H(2)S synthesis, on ethanol-induced gastric injury in rat and to examine the role of l-cysteine, exogenous H(2)S, prostaglandins, non-protein sulphydryls groups, nitric oxide and K(ATP) channels in the gastroprotective effect of PAG. Administration of PAG (3.