Advancements in colorectal cancer immunotherapy: from CAR-T cells to exosome-based therapies.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a major worldwide health issue, with elevated death rates linked to late stages of the illness. Immunotherapy has made significant progress in developing effective techniques to improve the immune system's capacity to identify and eradicate cancerous cells. This study examines the most recent advancements in CAR-T cell treatment and exosome-based immunotherapy for CRC.

Relationship between macronutrients and energy intake and liver serum transaminase levels in elderly athletes and non-athletes: findings from the Neyshabur longitudinal study on aging.

Background: Assessing liver health and its determinants in the elderly is crucial. Lifestyle factors, including nutrition and exercise, may influence liver function. This study aimed to investigate the association between macronutrients and energy intake with serum levels of aminotransferases in elderly Iranian athletes and non-athletes.

The Effect of Statin Therapy on Bone Metabolism Markers and Mineral Density: Aa GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: Statin therapy is widely used for the management of dyslipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, there is a growing concern about its potential effects on bone metabolism markers and mineral density. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of statin therapy on these parameters.

Two-step GLIM approach using NRS-2002 screening tool vs direct GLIM criteria application in hospital malnutrition diagnosis: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The two-step Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) approach was recently introduced to malnutrition diagnosis in a hospital setting. This study compares the diagnostic performance of this approach that uses the Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002) as a screening tool and the direct application of GLIM malnutrition diagnostic criteria in hospitalized patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 290 adult and older adult patients who were hospitalized.

A review of the potential adverse health impacts of atrazine in humans.

Atrazine is a widely used chlorinated triazine herbicide in agricultural settings, which has raised concerns over its potential adverse effects on human health. The extensive application of atrazine has resulted in its pervasive presence in the environment, contaminating soil, groundwater, and surface water. While earlier research suggested that atrazine is unlikely to pose a health concern, recent evidence has indicated the necessity to reassess this point of view.

Roles and Responsibilities of the Global Specialist Digital Health Workforce: Analysis of Global Census Data.

Background: The Global Specialist Digital Health Workforce Census is the largest workforce survey of the specialist roles that support the development, use, management, and governance of health data, health information, health knowledge, and health technology.

Objective: This paper aims to present an analysis of the roles and functions reported by respondents in the 2023 census.

Methods: The 2023 census was deployed using Qualtrics and was open from July 1 to August 13, 2023.

Infection episodes and islet autoantibodies in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence rates of infection and islet autoimmunity in children at risk for type 1 diabetes.

Methods: 1050 children aged 4 to 7 months with an elevated genetic risk for type 1 diabetes were recruited from Germany, Poland, Sweden, Belgium and the UK. Reported infection episodes and islet autoantibody development were monitored until age 40 months from February 2018 to February 2023.

Comparison of the efficacy of nifedipine with ritodrine, nitroglycerine and magnesium sulfate for the management of preterm labor: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Some studies have compared the efficacy of nifedipine with that of other tocolytic drugs in the treatment of preterm labor, but the reported results are conflicting.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of nifedipine with that of ritodrine, nitroglycerine and magnesium sulfate for the management of preterm labor.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched until April 3,2024 using predefined keywords.

The effects of raspberry consumption on lipid profile and blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Research into the effects of raspberry on blood pressure and lipid profiles is inconclusive. This meta-analysis was aimed to determine whether raspberry has beneficial effects in clinical practice and to what extent these effects are associated with blood pressure and lipid profiles. A systematic literature search up to September 2023 was completed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify eligible RCTs.

The effect of oral supplementation of Paricalcitol on C-reactive protein levels in chronic kidney disease patients: GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials.

Background: Previous studies investigating the effect of oral supplementation of paricalcitol on reactive protein levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients reported inconsistent findings. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we have analyzed and interpreted the results obtained from previous randomized clinical trials on the effect of paricalcitol on C-reactive protein in CKD patients in the literature.

Methods: MEDLINE, SciVerse Scopus, and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science databases were searched until January 2023 and related articles were obtained through a careful screening process allowing extraction of required data from selected articles.

Statin Therapy and Flow-Mediated Dilation: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis Using the GRADE of Data from Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: A previous meta-analysis reported the positive effects of statin therapy on endothelial function. However, the obtained result had several limitations that necessitated updating the information in this field. Therefore, a systematic and meta-analysis review was conducted to determine whether statin therapy could improve endothelial function, as assessed by flow-- mediated dilation (FMD).

National and regional economic inequalities in first- and second-hand tobacco consumption among women of reproductive ages in Iran.

Introduction: The epidemic of tobacco consumption is one of the major public health threats the world has been facing so far. This study was performed to investigate the economic inequalities in tobacco consumption among women of reproductive ages at national and regional levels in Iran.

Methods: We used data from 10,339 women of reproductive ages (18-49 years) who participated in Iran's 7th Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS).

The effects of low calorie, high protein diet on body composition, duration and sleep quality on obese adults: A randomized clinical trial.

Background And Aims: The effects of high-protein diets on regulating sleep have received research attention in recent decades. However, no studies have examined the effects of these diets in obese adults. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of low-calorie high protein diets on sleep quality in obese adults.

Omega-3 fatty acids and endothelial function: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation has been reported to have an impact on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), a conventionally used clinical technique for estimating endothelial dysfunction. However, its proven effects on endothelial function are unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of n-3 PUFAs supplementation on FMD of the brachial artery.

The effect of a low-calorie, high-protein diet on psychometric variables in obese individuals: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: The last decade has seen the increased prevalence of obesity as a public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. At the same time, studies have shown that there is a two-way relationship between low-calorie diets and depression in obese individuals. This study was designed and implemented to investigate the effect of a low-calorie high-protein diet on psychometric variables in obese individuals.

Environmental Risk Factors for Pediatric Acute Leukemia: Methodology and Early Findings.

Background: Acute leukemia is the most common type of malignancy in children, and no major environmental risk factors have been identified relating to its pathogenesis. This study has been conducted with the aim for identifying risk factors associated with this disease.

Methods: This study was conducted in 2016-2020 among children aged <15 years residing in Isfahan Province, Iran.

The effects of Quercetin supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Quercetin is a bioactive flavonoid, but the effect of it on cardiometabolic factors has remained uncertain and previous findings from meta-analyses have been controversial.

Objective: To provide an overview of the effects of Quercetin on cardiometabolic factors based on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Method: MEDLINE, SciVerse Scopus, and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science databases were searched to identify eligible publications.

Molecular landscape of LncRNAs in bladder cancer: From drug resistance to novel LncRNA-based therapeutic strategies.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a common and serious type of cancer that ranks among the top ten most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Due to the high occurrence rate of BC, the aggressive nature of cancer cells, and their resistance to medication, managing this disease has become a growing challenge in clinical care. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins and are more than 200 nucleotides in length.

The preconditioning effect of different exercise training modes on middle cerebral artery occlusion induced-behavioral deficit in senescent rats.

Introduction: Brain abilities decrease after brain stroke in elderly. The neuroprotective effect of exercise training has been proved in clinical trials and animal experiment. Nevertheless, it is not still clear what kind of exercise has greater protective effect.

Potential role of serum vitamin D as a risk factor in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency (VDD, VDI) is common in children yet limited experience exists on the association of VDD and hematologic malignancies amongst this population. Therefore, this study aimed to compare serum vitamin D levels in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and controls. Moreover, vitamin D levels is compared in subjects with and without relapse and evaluated as a prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (RFS).

Predicting substantive biomedical citations without full text.

Insights from biomedical citation networks can be used to identify promising avenues for accelerating research and its downstream bench-to-bedside translation. Citation analysis generally assumes that each citation documents substantive knowledge transfer that informed the conception, design, or execution of the main experiments. Citations may exist for other reasons.