Seasonal and Geographical Differences in Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus Levels in Seawater and Oysters from the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays Determined Using Several Methods.

Oyster and seawater samples were collected from five sites in the Chesapeake Bay, MD, and three sites in the Delaware Bay, DE, from May to October 2016 and 2017. Abundances and detection frequencies for total and pathogenic and were compared using the standard most-probable-number-PCR (MPN-PCR) assay and a direct-plating (DP) method on CHROMagar Vibrio for total ( ) and pathogenic ( and ) genes and total () and pathogenic () genes. The colony overlay procedure for peptidases (COPP) assay was evaluated for total DP had high false-negative rates (14 to 77%) for most PCR targets and was deemed unsatisfactory.

Bacillus spp. as direct-fed microbial antibiotic alternatives to enhance growth, immunity, and gut health in poultry.

The increasing occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria combined with regulatory pressure and consumer demands for foods produced without antibiotics has caused the agricultural industry to restrict its practice of using antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in food animals. The poultry industry is not immune to this trend, and has been actively seeking natural alternatives to AGP that will improve the health and growth performance of commercial poultry flocks. Bacillus probiotics have been gaining in popularity in recent years as an AGP alternative because of their health-promoting benefits and ability to survive the harsh manufacturing conditions of chicken feed production.

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of multidrug resistant Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Kentucky strains recovered from chicken carcasses.

Salmonella Typhimurium is the leading cause of human non-typhoidal gastroenteritis in the US. S. Kentucky is one the most commonly recovered serovars from commercially processed poultry carcasses.

Reduction of Salmonella in ground chicken using a bacteriophage.

This study's goal was to ascertain the effectiveness of a commercially available Salmonella bacteriophage during ground chicken production focusing on: water source, different Salmonella serovars, and time. Salmonella-free boneless, skinless chicken meat was inoculated with 4.0 Log CFU/cm2 of either a cocktail of 3 Salmonella isolates derived from ground chicken (GC) or a cocktail of 3 Salmonella strains not isolated from ground chicken (non-GC).

All Natural and Clean-Label Preservatives and Antimicrobial Agents Used during Poultry Processing and Packaging.

The poultry industry is faced with compounding pressures of maintaining product safety and wholesomeness while keeping up with consumer trends of all-natural foods and label accuracy. Consumers are increasingly demanding that their foods be minimally processed and contain compounds that are easily read and recognized, i.e.

Salmonella and Campylobacter: Antimicrobial resistance and bacteriophage control in poultry.

Salmonella and Campylobacter are major causes of foodborne related illness and are traditionally associated with consuming undercooked poultry and/or consuming products that have been cross contaminated with raw poultry. Many of the isolated Salmonella and Campylobacter that can cause disease have displayed antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. Although poultry producers have reduced on-the-farm overuse of antimicrobials, antimicrobial resistant Salmonella and Campylobacter strains still persist.

Suppression of by the Native Micro-Flora in Teewurst Sausage.

Modern consumers are interested in the use of non-chemical methods to control pathogens when heat sterilization is not an option. Such is the case with teewurst sausage, a raw spreadable sausage and a popular German commodity. Although was not found in teewurst, the optimal microbial growing conditions of teewurst coupled with the ubiquity of in nature, makes the possibility of contamination of products very possible.

Chronic administration of dietary grape seed extract increases colonic expression of gut tight junction protein occludin and reduces fecal calprotectin: a secondary analysis of healthy Wistar Furth rats.

Animal studies have demonstrated the potential of grape seed extract (GSE) to prevent metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Recently, metabolic endotoxemia induced by bacterial endotoxins produced in the colon has emerged as a possible factor in the etiology of metabolic syndrome. Improving colonic barrier function may control endotoxemia by reducing endotoxin uptake.