Real-world treatment patterns and quality of life among patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma living in Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Taiwan, and Turkey.

Objectives: To evaluate demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and quality of life in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma in Asia.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Adelphi Real World Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Disease Specific Programme™, a cross-sectional survey of medical oncologists/urologists and their adult patients in Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Taiwan, and Turkey. Exploratory patient-reported outcomes included the EQ-5D visual analog scale, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life of Patient Questionnaire global health, and Brief Pain Inventory.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation studies of novel small molecule ENPP1 inhibitors for cancer immunotherapy.

Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases 1 (ENPP1 or NPP1), is an attractive therapeutic target for various diseases, primarily cancer and mineralization disorders. The ecto-enzyme is located on the cell surface and has been implicated in the control of extracellular levels of nucleotide, nucleoside and (di) phosphate. Recently, it has emerged as a critical phosphodiesterase that hydrolyzes cyclic 2'3'- cGAMP, the endogenous ligand for STING (STimulator of INterferon Genes).

Clinical Profile of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Eastern India Perspective.

Introduction: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB), believed to precede symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in diabetes mellitus, has geographical variation in microbial pattern and risk factors. However, data from the Eastern part of India are still lacking.

Materials And Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was performed over 80 otherwise healthy type 2 diabetes patients with a follow-up for one year to (1) estimate the prevalence of ASB and its association with age, gender, duration of diabetes, and renal and glycemic status; and (2) identify the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens as well as evaluate the usefulness of microbial pattern as a predictor of symptomatic UTI.

Jaundice and anaemia as presenting features of an incomplete autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II.

The coexistence of adrenal failure with either autoimmune thyroid disease and/or type 1 diabetes is defined as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type 2 or Schmidt's syndrome. Vitiligo, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, chronic autoimmune hepatitis, alopecia, pernicious anaemia and seronegative arthritis may also be present. We present a case of 45-year-old Indian man with progressive jaundice and asthenia for 3 months.

Inhibition of crosstalk between Bcr-Abl and PKC signaling by PEITC, augments imatinib sensitivity in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), a clonal hyperproliferation of immature blood cells accounts for 20% of adult leukemia cases. Reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 9 and 22, results into Bcr-Abl fusion and is responsible for expression of a tyrosine kinase protein p210(bcr/abl), which mediates several survival pathways and confer therapeutic resistance. Protein kinase C (PKC), a family of serine threonine kinases play an important role in the process of leukemogenesis.

Curcumin augments the efficacy of antitumor drugs used in leukemia by modulation of heat shock proteins via HDAC6.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) are induced under oxidative stress, which promotes oncogenesis. HSPs are regulated by heat shock factor1 (HSF1). HDAC6, a class IIb deacetylase, plays an essential role in tumorigenesis and cell stress response.

In search of natural remediation for cervical cancer.

Cancer is a serious global health issue. Cancer of the cervix is one of the leading gynecological malignancies worldwide; though it is more prevalent in the developing countries. Fruitful approaches are needed to control cervical cancer.

Effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Paederia foetida Linn. on acetic acid induced colitis in albino rats.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Paederia foetida on acetic acid induced colitis in albino rats.

Materials And Methods: Ethanolic extract of Paederia foetida (EEPF) was prepared by percolation method. Acute toxicity test was done by using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines.

A case of adult onset Still's disease with flare of arthritis.

Adult onset Still's disease is a febrile illness of unknown aetiology, accounting for about 6% cases of fever of unknown origin. It was first described by Eric GL Bywater in 1971, and since then few case series have been reported from India and other parts of the globe. A case of adult onset Still's disease who presented with fever and polyarthralgia of 18 months duration with flare of joint symptoms during fever spikes has been reported.

Quality of life as a key indicator of patient satisfaction and treatment compliance in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the IMPROVE study: a multicentre, open label, non-randomised, observational trial.

Diabetes is a debilitating chronic illness having multiple impacts on physical and mental well-being of patients. When treating chronic conditions like diabetes, psychosocial aspects and quality of life (QoL) have to be considered; however, these receive less attention due to various reasons. Patients with diabetic complications have increased levels of depression and decreased QoL This necessitates evaluating QoL of patient which now is used as a primary or secondary end point in clinical trials eg, Diab-MedSat QoL questionnaire used in diabetes.

A study to find out the proportion of prediabetes in patients with acute coronary syndrome in a medical college of Kolkata.

Prediabetes is now considered as a definite entity for increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and a potent risk for progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus. As macrovascular disease is the commonest cause of increased mortality in dysglycaemic individuals (prediabetes and diabetes) by 2-4 times as opposed to normal individuals, clinicians do encounter patients with cardiovascular disease of varying severity regularly. There are increased constellation of other cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, etc), in prediabetes as compared to normal population.

Metabolic emergencies in diabetes.

Hypoglycaemia is the commonest metabolic abnormality faced by diabetic patients on hypoglycaemic therapy including insulin. Diabetic keto-acidosis (DKA) requires prompt diagnosis and all patients arriving emergency with dehydration, shock, coma, severe respiratory difficulty and evidence of any major illness should be tested for capillary blood glucose (CBG) and urinary ketones urgently not to miss DKA. Hyperosmolar non-ketotic state complicates elderly type 2 diabetes with intercurrent infections (respiratory tract infection is commonest) characterised by severe dehydration, severe hyperglycaemia and absence of acidosis and vomiting.