Production, purification and formulation of nanoradiopharmaceutical with At: An emerging candidate for targeted alpha therapy.

Introduction: Astatine-211 has attained significant interest in the recent times as a promising radioisotope for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) of cancer. In this study, we report the production of At via Bi (α, 2n) At reaction in a cyclotron and development of a facile radiochemical separation procedure to isolate At for formulation of nanoradiopharmaceuticals.

Methods: Natural bismuth oxide target in pelletized form wrapped in Al foil was irradiated with 30 MeV α-beam in an AVF cyclotron.

Brachytherapy at the nanoscale with protein functionalized and intrinsically radiolabeled [Yb]YbO nanoseeds.

Purpose: Classical brachytherapy of solid malignant tumors is an invasive procedure which often results in an uneven dose distribution, while requiring surgical removal of sealed radioactive seed sources after a certain period of time. To circumvent these issues, we report the synthesis of intrinsically radiolabeled and gum Arabic glycoprotein functionalized [Yb]YbO nanoseeds as a novel nanoscale brachytherapy agent, which could directly be administered via intratumoral injection for tumor therapy.

Methods: Yb (T = 32 days) was produced by neutron irradiation of enriched (15.

Highly stable spherical shaped and blue photoluminescent cyclodextrin-coated tellurium nanocomposites prepared by generated solvated electrons: a rapid green method and mechanistic and anticancer studies.

Highly stable blue photoluminescent tellurium nanocomposites (Te NCs) coated with a molecular assembly of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) have been prepared by using generated solvated electrons (e) in the reaction media. The methodology used is rapid and green as the preparation of colloids was over in a matter of a few seconds and no hazardous agents (reducing or stabilizing) were used. Furthermore, fine control over the size of Te NCs has been demonstrated by simply varying the absorbed irradiation dose.

Clinical scale synthesis of intrinsically radiolabeled and cyclic RGD peptide functionalized Au nanoparticles for targeted cancer therapy.

Introduction: The emerging concept of intrinsically radiolabeled nanoparticles has the potential to transform the preclinical and clinical studies by improving the in vivo stability and demonstrating minimal alteration in the inherent pharmacokinetics of the nanoparticles. In this paper, a simple and efficient single-step method for clinical scale synthesis of intrinsically radiolabeled Au nanoparticles conjugated with cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate peptide (AuNP-RGD) is reported for potential use in targeted cancer therapy.

Methods: Large radioactive doses (>37 GBq) of AuNP-RGD were synthesized by reaction of Au-HAuCl with cyclic RGD peptide.

Rapid and One-Pot Synthesis of Self-Assembled CdSe Quantum Dots Functionalized with β-Cyclodextrin: Reduced Cytotoxicity and Band Gap Engineering.

We report a simple, rapid and one step method for the synthesis and in situ functionalization of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in aqueous solution via electron beam (EB) irradiation technique. A probable mechanism has been elucidated for the formation of the QDs using pulse radiolysis technique. The average size of the QDs was found to be in the range of 2-3 nm with a size distribution of -14%.

Optical properties of irradiated imidazolium based room temperature ionic liquids: new microscopic insights into the radiation induced mutations.

Considering the future perspectives of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) in areas involving high radiation fields (such as the nuclear fuel cycle and space applications), it is essential to probe and have a microscopic understanding of the radiation induced perturbations in the molecular structures and the intrinsic bonding interactions existing in the ILs. Herein, a focused investigation concerning the photophysical behavior of post-irradiated FAP (fluoroalkyl phosphate) imidazolium ILs revealed considerable rearrangements and bonding realignments of the ionic moieties in the ILs on irradiation, however, their physicochemical properties do not change significantly even at high absorbed doses. Most interestingly, the well-established excitation wavelength dependent fluorescence (FL) behavior of the ILs was considerably perturbed on irradiation and this is attributed to the radiation induced decoupling of pre-existing different associated structures of ions, and the subsequent formation of oligomers and other species containing multiple bond order groups.

Quest for lead free relaxors in YIn(1-x)Fe(x)O₃ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) system: role of synthesis and structure.

The B-site tailored YIn(1-x)Fe(x)O3 (0.0≤ x≤ 1.0) series was synthesized by glycine-aided gel-combustion technique and subjected to extensive structural and electrical investigations.

Deciphering the binding modes of hematoporphyrin to bovine serum albumin.

Interaction of proteins with small molecules is important in understanding delivery and transport of different therapeutic agents, including drugs. In the present study, we investigated the interaction between hematoporphyrin (HP), the principal component of photosensitizing drug with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in aqueous buffer solution using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence measurements. The results were further substantiated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation.

The role of structural and fluidic aspects of room temperature ionic liquids in influencing the morphology of CdSe nano/microstructures grown in situ.

RTILs as media to synthesize a variety of nanomaterials are gaining momentum owing to their unique physicochemical properties. However, the fundamental questions regarding the role of the inherent structure of the IL in directing the morphology and the growth mechanism of the nanoparticles are still unexplored. Therefore, an attempt was made in this respect wherein CdSe nanoparticles were synthesized in a neat room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium ethylsulfate ([EMIM][EtSO4]), under ambient conditions.

Radiation induced physicochemical changes in FAP (fluoro alkyl phosphate) based imidazolium ionic liquids and their mechanistic pathways: influence of hydroxyl group functionalization of the cation.

Future applications of ionic liquids (ILs) in a variety of areas, especially those having high radiation fields such as the nuclear fuel cycle and in space technology, are under serious consideration nowadays. For such applications to be possible, however, radiation stability of the ILs is an important issue that needs to be addressed. We envisaged that the ultra-hydrophobic, bulky and hydrolytically stable FAP (tris(perfluoroalkyl)trifluorophosphate) anion might shield the radiolytically vulnerable imidazolium cations from degradation and our result shows that these anions indeed enhance their radiolytic stability.

Islands of CdSe nanoparticles within Se nanofibers: a room temperature ionic liquid templated synthesis.

Herein, we present the formation of cadmium selenide (CdSe) islands embedded in a porous structure of entangled selenium (Se) nanofibers in the host matrix of a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL). Electron beam irradiation has been employed to initiate the formation of the nanostructure while RTIL simultaneously played the role of a solvent, stabilizer and a shape guiding template for such morphology. UV-Vis absorption spectra of the irradiated samples exhibited an excitonic absorption feature in the visible region.

Sea urchin like shaped cdse nanoparticles grown in aqueous solutions via electron beam irradiation.

Cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles have been grown from an aqueous solutions containing equimolar ammoniated cadmium sulphate and sodium selenosulphate as precursors in presence of citric acid as a capping agent, via electron beam irradiation. The radiolytic processes occurring in the medium result in the formation of CdSe nanoparticles through the reactions mediated by hydrated electrons (e(aq)-). The dynamics of the formation of these nanoparticles was investigated by pulse radiolysis studies.