European Organisation for Caries Research and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry Consensus Report on Clinical Recommendations for Caries Diagnosis: Paper III - Caries Diagnosis at the Individual Level.

Objectives: The aim of the present consensus paper was to provide recommendations for clinical practice on the individual etiological and modifying factors to be assessed in the individual diagnosis of caries, and the methods for their assessment, supporting personalized treatment decisions.

Material And Methods: The executive councils of the European Organisation for Caries Research (ORCA) and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry (EFCD) nominated ten experts each to join the expert panel. The steering committee formed three work groups which were asked to provide recommendations on (1) caries detection and diagnostic methods, (2) caries activity assessment, and (3) forming individualized caries diagnoses.

Organization for Caries Research-European Federation of Conservative Dentistry Consensus Report on Clinical Recommendations for Caries Diagnosis Paper II: Caries Lesion Activity and Progression Assessment.

Introduction: This consensus paper provides recommendations for oral health professionals on why and how to assess caries activity and progression with special respect to the site of a lesion.

Methods: An expert panel was nominated by the executive councils of the European Organization for Caries Research (ORCA) and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry (EFCD). The steering committee built three working groups that were asked to provide recommendations on (1) caries detection and diagnostic methods, (2) caries activity and progression assessment, and (3) obtain individualized caries diagnoses.

ORCA-EFCD consensus report on clinical recommendation for caries diagnosis. Paper I: caries lesion detection and depth assessment.

Objectives: The aim of the present consensus paper was to provide recommendations for clinical practice considering the use of visual examination, dental radiography and adjunct methods for primary caries detection.

Materials And Methods: The executive councils of the European Organisation for Caries Research (ORCA) and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry (EFCD) nominated ten experts each to join the expert panel. The steering committee formed three work groups that were asked to provide recommendations on (1) caries detection and diagnostic methods, (2) caries activity assessment and (3) forming individualised caries diagnoses.

A systematic review on 4D images of the upper airway in patients with OSA.

Aim-background: In the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), oral appliances are now being recognized as a valuable alternative to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Various static imaging techniques of the upper airways allow for assessment of bone and soft tissue structures. However, static images do not capture dynamic airway characteristics.

An evaluation of gingival phenotype and thickness as determined by indirect and direct methods.

Objectives: To evaluate gingival phenotype (GP) and thickness (GT) using visual, probing, and ultrasound (US) methods and to assess the accuracy and consistency of clinicians to visually identify GP.

Materials And Methods: The GP and GT of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth in 29 orthodontic patients (mean age 25 ± 7.5 years) were assessed using probing and US by a single examiner.

Effect of craniofacial morphology on gingival parameters of mandibular incisors.

Objectives: To investigate the association between the width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), gingival phenotype (GP), and gingival thickness (GT) with craniofacial morphology in sagittal and vertical dimensions.

Materials And Methods: WKG, GP, and GT of mandibular anterior teeth in 177 preorthodontic patients (mean age 18.38 ± 5.

[Is needleless anaesthesia effective?].

Needle phobia is an important reason to postpone a dental appointment.Needleless anaesthesia exists, but is it as effective as the conventionalmethods of dental anaesthesia? A literature review showed conclusionsto differ regarding the use of so-called jet injectors, which force a smallquantity of anaesthetic liquid through the mucosa under high pressure.According to some researchers, this technique works sufficiently wellin the deciduous dentition; this has, however, not been confirmed inall studies, nor is effectiveness guaranteed.

A Letter Regarding Recently Published Original Article: Comparative Evaluation of Intraoral and Extraoral Periapical Radiographic Techniques in Determination of Working Length: An Study.

Aps JKM. A Letter Regarding Recently Published Original Article: Comparative Evaluation of Intraoral and Extraoral Periapical Radiographic Techniques in Determination of Working Length: An Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5):576-577.

Narrative review: the evidence for neurotoxicity of dental local anesthetics.

Dental local anesthesia is performed daily on a global scale. Adverse effects are rare, but the topic of neurotoxicity of local anesthetics deserves to be explored, as publications can be controversial and confusing. Therefore, a need was felt to address and question the evidence for potential neurotoxicity of dental local anesthetics.

Diagnostic efficacy of and indications for intraoral radiographs in pediatric dentistry: a systematic review.

Purpose: To systematically evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of intraoral radiographs and evidence supporting the indications for taking of intraoral radiographs in children in the following five clinical categories: caries, pathological conditions (including acute odontogenic infections and periodontal disease), dental/developmental anomalies, dental trauma, and enhancement of comfort/technique for taking radiographs in children. This was carried out to facilitate the updating of existing European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) guidelines on dental radiography in pediatric dentistry.

Methods: A systematic electronic literature search was conducted on Cochrane Library (1992-24 July 2018), MEDLINE (PubMed, 1946-24 July 2018), EMBASE (Embase.

Stafne's bone cyst revisited and renamed: the benign mandibular concavity.

Objective: Stafne's bone cyst (SBC) is an asymptomatic, round or oval-shaped, well-defined, uniform radiolucent lesion, usually incidentally observed in the posterior aspects of the mandible. Radiographical appearance may be confusing though. This study aimed to review the literature on SBCs and to map the SBC as shown in their respective papers.

Best clinical practice guidance for prescribing dental radiographs in children and adolescents: an EAPD policy document.

Background: The European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) proposes this best clinical practice guidance to help practitioners decide when and how to prescribe dental radiographs in children and adolescents.

Methods: Four expert working groups conducted each a systematic review of the literature. The main subjects were radiation protection, intraoral dental radiography (bitewing and periapical radiographs), panoramic radiography (PR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Attitudes and knowledge of paediatric dentists' on digital radiography and cone beam computed tomography.

Objective: To determine the frequency and reasons of digital radiography and cone-beam computed tomography usage among paediatric dental practitioners, and to assess their knowledge and need for specific education..

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2017 and comprised paediatric dentists present at the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry Interim Seminar in Turin, Italy, and members of the Turkish Society of Paediatric Dentistry who did not attend the event.

Efficacy of dental local anesthetics: A review.

The objective of this review was to investigate the efficacy of dental local anesthetics, as it is well known among clinicians that local anesthesia may be challenging in some circumstances. Therefore, the focus of this review was on the efficacy of the products used in dental local anesthesia. In a Pubmed database literature search conducted, a total of 8646 articles were found to be related to dental local anesthetics.

Assessment of the Location of the Mandibular Lingula in Pediatric Patients Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images.

The purpose of this study was to determine the position of the mandibular lingula in a sample of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images taken on pediatric patients. A sample of 280 outpatient CBCT (i-CAT) scans (153 males and 127 females) were divided into three age groups: six to nine years (n=103), 10 to 13 years (n=103), and 14 to 18 years (n=74). The position of the lingula was determined relative to the anterior and posterior border of the ramus, mandibular notch, inferior border of the mandible, and mandibular plane.

Evaluation of pharyngeal space and its correlation with mandible and hyoid bone in patients with different skeletal classes and facial types.

Introduction: The purpose of this article was to evaluate the pharyngeal space volume, and the size and shape of the mandible and the hyoid bone, as well as their relationships, in patients with different facial types and skeletal classes. Furthermore, we estimated the volume of the pharyngeal space with a formula using only linear measurements.

Methods: A total of 161 i-CAT Next Generation (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, Pa) cone-beam computed tomography images (80 men, 81 women; ages, 21-58 years; mean age, 27 years) were retrospectively studied.

Dental utilization for Medicaid-enrolled children with cystic fibrosis.

Objectives: Despite a multitude of risk factors, children with cystic fibrosis (CF) have lower reported dental caries prevalence. A potential explanation is preventive dental care use, but no studies to date have examined dental use for children with CF.

Methodology: Iowa Medicaid data were analyzed for children age 3 to 17 years (N = 156,268).

Cone-beam computed tomography in pediatric dentistry, a retrospective observational study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to find the reasons for referral and their correlation with age, gender, field of view, and resolution for all patients under the age of 18 who underwent a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan between 1 May 2010 and 1 May 2012 in the dental out-patient clinic of the University Hospital Ghent.

Material And Methods: From the local CBCT database, 79 pediatric patients gave their consent. Subsequently age, gender, reason for referral, external or internal referral, field of view (FOV), and resolution data were collected.

In vitro analysis of extracted dens invaginatus using various radiographic imaging techniques.

Aim: Dens Invaginatus (DI) is a rare malformation of the teeth, showing a broad spectrum of morphologic variations. The aim of this study was to perform in vitro radiographic analyses of three extracted dens invaginatus (DI) teeth with complex root anatomy using plain radiographs, CBCT, MRI and micro CT techniques.

Materials And Methods: Study design: Three maxillary lateral incisors (A, B and C) from two patients were extracted due to poor prognosis and were radiographically analysed.

Flow cytometry-based analysis by Sysmex-UF1000i® is an alternative method in the assessment of periodontal inflammation.

Background: Gingivitis is a common inflammatory condition. We explored the value of flow cytometry of saliva in patients with periodontal inflammation.

Methods: A cohort of 249 healthy adults (age range: 18-81 y; 2.

Oblique lateral radiographs and bitewings; estimation of organ doses in head and neck region with Monte Carlo calculations.

Objectives: When bitewing radiographs are not possible (e.g. patients with special needs), oblique lateral radiographs may offer an alternative.

Number of accessory or nutrient canals in the human mandible.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the presence, location and the number of accessory or nutrient canals in the body of the mandible by means of cone beam CT images, obtained with the Planmeca ProMax® 3D Max device.

Material And Methods: Seventy-four cone beam images of the mandible from adult patients (37 males and 37 females) who were imaged for dental implantology planning or third molar extraction were used to assess the number and location of accessory or nutrient canals. All images were taken with the same machine (Planmeca® ProMax 3D Max) at 200-, 400- or 600-μm resolution.