Rational versus empirical prediction of nursing student success.

Undergraduate and graduate nursing education programs can offer a very limited number of positions to a very large number of student applicants. Although practices vary widely across schools of nursing, it is common in many programs to use rational or holistic judgment when determining which student applicants to admit. The present applied study demonstrates a method and several examples of alternative selection models that can improve administrators' ability to efficiently and effectively identify student applicants with the highest probability of success.

Effects of hyperglycemia on the development of new-onset diabetes after liver transplantation.

Context: New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) has been associated with cardiovascular and thrombotic complications, acute rejection, and infection in transplant recipients. NODAT in kidney transplantation is well described; however, data are lacking in liver transplant recipients.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of new-onset diabetes within 6 months postoperatively in adult liver transplant recipients.

Comparison of carbon nutrition for pathogenic and commensal Escherichia coli strains in the mouse intestine.

The carbon sources that support the growth of pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the mammalian intestine have not previously been investigated. In vivo, the pathogenic E. coli EDL933 grows primarily as single cells dispersed within the mucus layer that overlies the mouse cecal epithelium.

Respiration of Escherichia coli in the mouse intestine.

Mammals are aerobes that harbor an intestinal ecosystem dominated by large numbers of anaerobic microorganisms. However, the role of oxygen in the intestinal ecosystem is largely unexplored. We used systematic mutational analysis to determine the role of respiratory metabolism in the streptomycin-treated mouse model of intestinal colonization.

Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy: a pharmacological overview.

The use of contrast media in diagnostic procedures is a potential risk for the development of acute renal failure. To reduce the occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy, assessment and subsequent minimization of risk factors is important. If risk factors are present, consider discontinuing concomitant nephrotoxic drugs, limiting exposure to contrast media or using an alternative imaging technique.

GntP is the Escherichia coli Fructuronic acid transporter and belongs to the UxuR regulon.

Escherichia coli has four gluconate transporters, GntP, GntU, GntT, and IdnT, which are members of the major facilitator superfamily. The physiological function of GntP was previously unknown and is the subject of this study. GntP is not induced by gluconate, and despite being located adjacent to genes involved in glucuronate catabolism, gntP does not encode a glucuronate transporter.

Carbon nutrition of Escherichia coli in the mouse intestine.

Whole-genome expression profiling revealed Escherichia coli MG1655 genes induced by growth on mucus, conditions designed to mimic nutrient availability in the mammalian intestine. Most were nutritional genes corresponding to catabolic pathways for nutrients found in mucus. We knocked out several pathways and tested the relative fitness of the mutants for colonization of the mouse intestine in competition with their wild-type parent.