An Update on the Laboratory Diagnosis of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system that is specifically associated with demyelination of spinal cord and optic nerves. The discovery of specific autoantibody markers such as aquaporin-4 IgG and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG has led to several methodologies being developed and validated. There have been numerous investigations of the clinical and radiological presentations used in the clinical diagnosis of NMOSD.