Amikacin Liposomal Inhalation Suspension for Non-Tuberculous Lung Infection: A Greek Observational Study.

Intravenous amikacin, recommended for severe or recurrent (MAC) infections and as initial treatment for lung disease, is often limited by serious adverse effects such as renal and auditory toxicities. Inhaled Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension (ALIS) enhances pulmonary drug deposition while minimizing systemic adverse effects, and it has recently been introduced as an add-on therapy for refractory MAC infections or when other standard treatments are inadequate. This study aims to retrospectively describe the outcomes of Greek patients with difficult-to-treat non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease following the addition of ALIS to guideline-based therapy.

Patients at risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease who need testing evaluated using a modified Delphi process by European experts.

Background: Identifying patients at risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is challenging. Delays in NTM-PD identification and management are associated with declining lung function and increased morbidity and mortality.

Study Design And Methods: European NTM-PD experts (n=12) participated in a three-round modified Delphi process to score symptoms and comorbidities potentially associated with NTM-PD as reasons to test for nontuberculous mycobacteria.

Combination of Imipenem-Cilastatin-Relebactam and Amoxicillin in the Antibiotic Regimen in Two Cases of Mycobacterium abscessus Lung Infection.

is a difficult-to-treat, multidrug-resistant human pathogen. Relebactam has been shown to inhibit β-lactamase (BLA) and increase the activity of imipenem and amoxicillin. We present two cases of lung infection due to , one caused by subsp and the other by subsp.

complex pulmonary disease patients with limited treatment options.

https://bit.ly/3QwLQ8T.

Severe Pulmonary Disease Caused by Mycolicibacter kumamotonensis.

Severe Mycolicibacter kumamotonensis-pulmonary disease was diagnosed in a 68-year-old immunocompetent woman in Greece; the disease was initially treated as tuberculosis. The patient responded favorably to a new treatment regimen of azithromycin, amikacin, moxifloxacin, and linezolid. Complete symptom resolution and radiologic improvement resulted.

Surveillance of adverse events in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: first global report.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that countries implement pharmacovigilance and collect information on active drug safety monitoring (aDSM) and management of adverse events.The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of adverse events to anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in a cohort of consecutive TB patients treated with new ( bedaquiline, delamanid) and repurposed ( clofazimine, linezolid) drugs, based on the WHO aDSM project. Adverse events were collected prospectively after attribution to a specific drug together with demographic, bacteriological, radiological and clinical information at diagnosis and during therapy.

Outcomes of patients with drug-resistant-tuberculosis treated with bedaquiline-containing regimens and undergoing adjunctive surgery.

Objectives: No study evaluated the contribution of adjunctive surgery in bedaquiline-treated patients. This study describes treatment outcomes and complications in a cohort of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases treated with bedaquiline-containing regimens undergoing surgery.

Methods: This retrospective observational study recruited patients treated for TB in 12 centres in 9 countries between January 2007 and March 2015.

Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB: a multicentre study.

Large studies on bedaquiline used to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR-) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of bedaquiline-containing regimens in a large, retrospective, observational study conducted in 25 centres and 15 countries in five continents.428 culture-confirmed MDR-TB cases were analysed (61.

Immunomodulatory effect of macrolides: At what cost?

We present the case of a 60-year old female patient, with a 10 year history of non-CF bronchiectasis and use of macrolides as maintenance immunomodulatory treatment, who was diagnosed with macrolide-resistant Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Macrolides' immunomodulatory effect is appealing for non- CF bronchiectasis patients, hiding a high risk for resistance emergence.

Comparison of effectiveness and safety of imipenem/clavulanate- versus meropenem/clavulanate-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB.

No large study to date has ever evaluated the effectiveness, safety and tolerability of imipenem/clavulanate versus meropenem/clavulanate to treat multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR- and XDR-TB). The aim of this observational study was to compare the therapeutic contribution of imipenem/clavulanate versus meropenem/clavulanate added to background regimens to treat MDR- and XDR-TB cases.84 patients treated with imipenem/clavulanate-containing regimens showed a similar median number of antibiotic resistances (8 versus 8) but more fluoroquinolone resistance (79.

Effectiveness and safety of meropenem/clavulanate-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB.

No large study has ever evaluated the efficacy, safety and tolerability of meropenem/clavulanate to treat multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR- and XDR-TB). The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the therapeutic contribution, effectiveness, safety and tolerability profile of meropenem/clavulanate added to a background regimen when treating MDR- and XDR-TB cases.Patients treated with a meropenem/clavulanate-containing regimen (n=96) showed a greater drug resistance profile than those exposed to a meropenem/clavulanate-sparing regimen (n=168): in the former group XDR-TB was more frequent (49% versus 6.

Distribution of nontuberculous mycobacteria in treated patients with pulmonary disease in Greece - relation to microbiological data.

Aims: The aim was to assess the distribution of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in treated patients with pulmonary disease (PD) in Greece.

Patients & Methods: Patients treated for NTM PD at the two largest chest diseases hospitals in Greece, in the period 1990-2013 were investigated. For the years 2005-2013 data on NTM isolation frequency were recorded.

Flow cytometry analysis of CD4+IFN-γ+ T-cells for the diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Background: CD4+ cells expressing Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), following stimulation with specific mycobacterial antigens, identified with flow cytometry (FCM-CD4+IFN-γ+), is a new method for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of FCM-CD4+IFN-γ+ in comparison with tuberculin skin test (TST) and Quantiferon TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-G-IT) in the diagnosis of latent MTB infection (LTBI), in close contacts and in patients with rheumatic diseases under treatment with anti-TNFa and other biologic agents.

Methods: TST, QFT-G-IT, and FCM-CD4+IFN-γ+ were performed in 56 immunocompetent close contacts and in 65 medically immunosuppressed patients under biologic treatment.