Physiotherapy interventions for pelvic floor dysfunctions in stroke survivors - a scoping review of literature.

Background: Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) are common following stroke. Physiotherapy interventions such as pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) seems to be effective in the general population with PFD, but its usefulness in stroke patients has rarely been addressed.

Objectives: We aimed to explore existing physiotherapy interventions and their influence in managing PFD in men and women stroke survivors.

Molecular mechanisms of neurofilament alterations and its application in assessing neurodegenerative disorders.

Neurofilaments are intermediate filaments present in neurons. These provide structural support and maintain the size and shape of the neurons. Dysregulation, mutation, and aggregation of neurofilaments raise the levels of these proteins in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which are characteristic features of axonal damage and certain rare neurological diseases, such as Giant Axonal Neuropathy and Charcot-Mare-Tooth disease.

Hyperintense vessel sign in vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia.

Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a rare condition characterised by ectasia, elongation and tortuosity in the vertebrobasilar arteries. VBD prevalence ranges from 0.05% to 18%.

Guillain-barré syndrome (GBS) with antecedent chikungunya infection: a case report and literature review.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune neuropathy. Antecedent infections have been seen to be significant triggering factors for developing GBS. Among them, arboviral infections are rapidly gaining importance as significant triggers, especially in the areas where they are endemic.

Effectiveness of an Intensive, Functional, and Gamified Rehabilitation Program on Upper Limb Function in People With Stroke (EnteRtain): A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background1: Despite a growing interest in gaming rehabilitation for upper limb (UL) recovery post-stroke, studies investigating the effects of game-based rehabilitation incorporating functional games are lacking.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of an intensive, functional, gamified rehabilitation program compared to task-based training on UL motor function in acute/sub-acute stroke survivors.

Methods: This randomized, multicenter, single-blind, clinical trial comprises 120 participants with unilateral stroke who were randomized to receive either gamified training (n = 64) using the ArmAble™ [experimental group (EG)] or task-based training (n = 56) in conjunction with conventional therapy for 2 hours per day, 6 days per week for 2 weeks, followed by UL rehabilitation for another 4 weeks at home.

Activity monitoring of stroke patients by physiotherapist and caregivers in a hospital setting: A pilot study.

Background: Activity monitoring is a necessary technique to ensure stroke survivors' activity levels in the hospital are within optimal levels as this is important for enhanced motor recovery. However, this could be time-consuming for healthcare professionals like physiotherapists. Activity monitoring by caregivers could be an alternate option.

A comprehensive review of protein misfolding disorders, underlying mechanism, clinical diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies.

Introduction: Proteins are the most common biological macromolecules in living system and are building blocks of life. They are extremely dynamic in structure and functions. Due to several modifications, proteins undergo misfolding, leading to aggregation and thereby developing neurodegenerative and systemic diseases.

Do kinematic measures, added to clinical measures, better predict upper extremity motor impairments at three months post-stroke?

Objective: Predicting post-stroke recovery through prediction models is crucial for choosing appropriate treatment options. However, the existing models predominantly incorporate clinical measures although measurement of movement quality using kinematic measures is essential for distinguishing various types of recovery. Thus, this study aimed at determining if, by considering varied aspects of recovery, adding kinematic measurements over clinical measures would better predict upper extremity (UE) motor impairments at three months post-stroke.

Serum Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Guillain Barre Syndrome.

Background: Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy characterized by the demyelination and axonal damage of the peripheral neurons. The pathogenesis of GBS involves the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier after which pro inflammatory cytokines attack the neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate five markers, namely matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and SFLT-1, which could have a role in the inflammatory response in patients with GBS and healthy controls.

Predicting post-stroke motor recovery of upper extremity using clinical variables and performance assays: A prospective cohort study protocol.

Background And Purpose: Measurement of movement quality is essential to distinguish motor recovery patterns and optimize rehabilitation strategies post-stroke. Recently, the Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable Taskforce (SRRR) recommended four kinetic and kinematic performance assays to measure upper extremity (UE) movements and distinguish behavioral restitution and compensation mechanisms early post-stroke. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a prediction model to analyze the added prognostic value of performance assays over clinical variables assessed up to 1-month post stroke for predicting recovery of UE motor impairment, capacity and quality of movement (QoM) measured at 3 months post-stroke onset.

INSTRuCT: Protocol, Infrastructure, and Governance.

Background And Purpose: Very few large scale multicentric stroke clinical trials have been done in India. The Indian Council of Medical Research funded INSTRuCT (Indian Stroke Clinical Trial Network) as a task force project with the objectives to establish a state-of-the-art stroke clinical trial network and to conduct pharmacological and nonpharmacological stroke clinical trials relevant to the nation and globally. The purpose of the article is to enumerate the structure of multicentric stroke network, with emphasis on its scope, challenges and expectations in India.

Evaluation of clinical, diagnostic features and therapeutic outcome of neurobrucellosis: a case series and review of literature.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to discuss the clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome of seven cases of neurobrucellosis from a tertiary care center and review the available global literature.

Materials And Methods: The diagnosis of neurobrucellosis was established using the following criteria in our setting: (1) signs and symptoms of neurological infection with examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealing signs of meningitis, (2) isolation of spp. from blood and/or CSF and/or antibody titer ≥1:160 in serum using standard agglutination test (SAT) and/or the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies in CSF and/or detection of spp.

Clinical Spectrum and Complications of Polycythemia, in Patients presenting at Tertiary Care Centre at Goa.

Background: Polycythemia is characterized by rise in hemoglobin and hematocrit, either as a result of hematopoietic clonal expansion (Vera) or secondary to hypoxic stimuli (secondary polycythemia).It is of great importance to detect early and identify the type of polycythemia and also asses the thrombotic risk so that timely and appropriate treatment can be given. The present study aims to characterize the different presentations and complications of polycythemia, evaluate genetic factors and differences between the two categories of polycythemia in ethnic Goan subjects.

Randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention on migraine: A study protocol.

Aim: To describe a randomized controlled trial protocol that evaluates the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention in improving the outcomes (quality of life, disability, intensity, frequency and duration) of patients with migraine.

Background: Migraine affects various facets of Quality of Life and results in moderate to high levels of disability among migraineurs. Migraine pain can be intense and unremitting that can interfere with the daily routine and reduce the ability to think and function normally.

Role of albumin in cirrhosis: from a hospitalist's perspective.

Albumin, a negatively charged globular protein encoded on chromosome 4, is one of the most abundant proteins in the plasma and accounts for approximately 75% of plasma oncotic pressure. The role of albumin in the management of various disease states has shown to be beneficial historically. Low serum albumin is a predictor of mortality and poor outcomes.

Clinical profile and functional disability of patients with migraine.

Background: Migraine is a common disabling primary headache disorder. Globally, migraine was ranked as the seventh highest cause of disability.

Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the clinical profile and functional disability of patients with migraine.

Engel's Model as a Conceptual Framework in Nursing Research: Well-being and Disability of Patients With Migraine.

Exploring, selecting, and utilizing an appropriate conceptual framework is a vital step in development of a research work. This article discusses the application of "Engel's model on biopsychosocial well-being," in exploring the relationship between biopsychosocial well-being and disability of patients with migraine headaches.

Pathophysiology and diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome - challenges and needs.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune polyneuropathy which presents with acute onset and rapid progression of flaccid, hyporeflexi quadriparesis. Both sensory and autonomic nerve involvement is seen. GBS has various subtypes that vary in their pathophysiology.