Aetiologies of Acute Complications in Autoimmune Rheumatologic Diseases: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) present unique challenges in clinical practice. Many of them present in medical emergencies in an unstable state and need immediate evaluation for further plans of action. The clinical conundrum is to distinguish between sepsis, disease flare, or Addisonian crisis (AC) (secondary to steroid withdrawal).

Development and validation of a stability-indicating, single HPLC method for sacubitril-valsartan and their stereoisomers and identification of forced degradation products using LC-MS/MS.

The aim of this research work was to develop and validate a stability-indicating, single reversed-phase HPLC method for the separation of five impurities, including enantiomers, diastereomers, and degradation products in sacubitril-valsartan tablets. The method was developed using a Chiralcel OJ-RH column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at 45°C with a gradient program of (T/%B) 0.

Recent developments in wireless capsule endoscopy imaging: Compression and summarization techniques.

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) can be viewed as an innovative technology introduced in the medical domain to directly visualize the digestive system using a battery-powered electronic capsule. It is considered a desirable substitute for conventional digestive tract diagnostic methods for a comfortable and painless inspection. Despite many benefits, WCE results in poor video quality due to low frame resolution and diagnostic accuracy.

Discovery of potent dual ligands for dopamine D4 and σ1 receptors.

During our work on exploration of molecules with some piperidine-triazole scaffolds, we realized that our compounds display chemical similarity with some σ, as well as dopaminergic receptor ligands. Here we show that this series of molecules has indeed strong affinity both for σ1 and dopamine D4 receptors. Moreover, they appear selective towards σ2, dopamine paralogues D1, D2, D3 and D5 receptors and hERG channel.

Nephrocalcinosis-A gateway to the Diagnosis.

Nephrocalcinosis (NC) is the augmented calcium content within the renal parenchyma. Its pathogenesis mainly involves hypercalciuria. The presence of medullary NC provides a window to the clinician for the diagnosis of many important diseases.

Synthesis and biological studies of new piperidino-1,2,3-triazole hybrids with 3-aryl isoxazole side chains.

A small library of new piperidine-triazole hybrids with 3-aryl isoxazole side chains has been designed and synthesized. Their cytotoxicity against a panel of seven cancer cell lines has been established. For the most promising compound, an IC value of 3.

Discovery of DB18, a potent inhibitor of CLK kinases with a high selectivity against DYRK1A kinase.

We describe in this paper the synthesis of a novel series of anilino-2-quinazoline derivatives. These compounds have been screened against a panel of eight mammalian kinases and in parallel they were tested for cytotoxicity on a representative panel of seven cancer cell lines. One of them (DB18) has been found to be a very potent inhibitor of human "CDC2-like kinases" CLK1, CLK2 and CLK4, with IC values in the 10-30 nM range.

Salt intake among women in an Urban resettlement colony of Delhi.

Background: Monitoring of population salt intake is essential for compliance with the WHO target of a 30% relative reduction in mean population salt intake.

Objective: This study was conducted to estimate the daily salt intake and find the associated variables among adult women in an urban resettlement colony of Delhi.

Methods: In this community-based cross-sectional study, 426 women aged 20-59 years from an urban resettlement colony were randomly selected.

Knowledge and behaviors related to dietary salt and sources of dietary sodium in north India.

Sodium, an element needed for the normal human physiology is known to be associated with high blood pressure and other consequences if consumed in excess. The assessment of knowledge and behavior related to sodium that is consumed in the form of salt plays an important role in the control of cardiovascular diseases. To control the intake of sodium, dietary sources of sodium need to be identified.

Automated Method for Retinal Artery/Vein Separation via Graph Search Metaheuristic Approach.

Separation of the vascular tree into arteries and veins is a fundamental prerequisite in the automatic diagnosis of retinal biomarkers associated with systemic and neurodegenerative diseases. In this paper, we present a novel graph search metaheuristic approach for automatic separation of arteries/veins (A/V) from color fundus images. Our method exploits local information to disentangle the complex vascular tree into multiple subtrees, and global information to label these vessel subtrees into arteries and veins.

Targeting PUMA/Bcl-xL interaction by new specific compounds to unleash apoptotic process in cancer cells.

We describe the first examples of small molecules able to disrupt the nanomolar interaction between the pro-apoptotic protein PUMA and its anti-apoptotic counterpart BcL-xL in malignant cells. Based on molecular modelling studies, we propose a rationale to this result, through a new "bottle-opener"-type strategy which could be of general use in the area of protein-protein interaction studies.

An unusual synthesis of 3-(2-(arylamino)thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-ones from ethyl 2-(chloromethyl)-2-hydroxy-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate via benzopyran ring opening.

An unusual and unexpected synthesis of 3-(2-(arylamino)thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-ones has been observed by the reaction of ethyl 2-(chloromethyl)-2-hydroxy-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate with various arylthioureas in ethanol under mild reaction conditions with excellent yields. The ambiguity in the structure of the obtained products has been solved by recording its single-crystal X-ray analysis. This protocol has been found to be a novel approach for the preparation of title compounds via benzopyran ring opening.

Vitamin D deficiency in India.

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin playing a vital role in human physiology. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent worldwide. This deficiency has many consequences which are still being explored, apart from the well-known skeletal complications.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazolo-oxothiazolidine derivatives as antiproliferative agents against human lung cancer cell line A549.

An efficient, one-pot multicomponent reaction of novel pyrazolo-oxothiazolidine derivatives was achieved by condensation of 1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-3-(substituted-arylprop-2-en-1-ones, thiosemicarbazide and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates under the optimized reaction conditions. Synthesised compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against A549 human lung cancer cell line. Among all the tested compounds, 4a (IC - 0.

Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Parotid Saliva Flow in Patients with Hyposalivation.

Context: In recent days, we have come across an increase incidence of dry mouth as a side effects of drugs and in order to bring an awareness about a simple non- invasive method to increase the salivary flow, we have used TENS which in many way is beneficial to patients with metabolic disorders.

Aims And Objectives: The aim is to assess the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on salivary gland function in patients with hyposalivation.

Subjects And Methods: The present study included total of 25 subjects with complaint of hyposalivation.

Experimental Probing and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Molecular Recognition of DNA Duplexes by the Flavonoid Luteolin.

Luteolin (CHO) is an important flavonoid found in many fruits, plants, medicinal herbs, and vegetables exhibiting many pharmacological properties. The anticancer, antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of luteolin have been reported. The pharmacological action of small molecules is dependent upon its interaction with biomacromolecules.

Recent Advancements in Retinal Vessel Segmentation.

Retinal vessel segmentation is a key step towards the accurate visualization, diagnosis, early treatment and surgery planning of ocular diseases. For the last two decades, a tremendous amount of research has been dedicated in developing automated methods for segmentation of blood vessels from retinal fundus images. Despite the fact, segmentation of retinal vessels still remains a challenging task due to the presence of abnormalities, varying size and shape of the vessels, non-uniform illumination and anatomical variability between subjects.

A comprehensive approach to ascertain the binding mode of curcumin with DNA.

Curcumin is a natural phytochemical from the rhizoma of Curcuma longa, the popular Indian spice that exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antiviral activities. In the published literatures we can see different studies and arguments on the interaction of curcumin with DNA. The intercalative binding, groove binding and no binding of curcumin with DNA were reported.

Ultrasound-assisted mineralization of organic contaminants using a recyclable LaFeO and Fe/persulfate Fenton-like system.

A recyclable heterogeneous catalyst has been successfully developed for application in a Fenton-type advanced oxidation process without adding external HO. LaFeO was prepared from Fe(NO)·9HO and La(NO)·6HO by a simple sol-gel method and its catalytic efficiency was evaluated for mineralization of 4-chlorophenol using a Fenton-like process. The mineralization process was carried out under ultrasonication in presence of heterogeneous LaFeO catalyst with HO that was produced during ultrasonication.

Conformational features of benzo-homologated yDNA duplexes by molecular dynamics simulation.

yDNA is a base-modified nucleic acid duplex containing size-expanded nucleobases. Base-modified nucleic acids could expand the genetic alphabet and thereby enhance the functional potential of DNA. Unrestrained 100 ns MD simulations were performed in explicit solvent on the yDNA NMR sequence [5'(yA T yA yA T yA T T yA T) ] and two modeled yDNA duplexes, [5'(yC yC G yC yC G G yC G G) ] and [(yT5' G yT A yC yG C yA yG T3')•(yA5' C T C yG C G yT A yC A3')].

Comparative assessment of sagittal skeletal discrepancy: a cephalometric study.

Background And Objectives: Evaluating the sagittal apical base relationship during orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning is an important step. This study was aimed at comparison of Beta angle, ANB angle and Wit's appraisal for assessment of sagittal skeletal discrepancy.

Materials And Methods: Eighty six young adults (43 female and 43 male) were selected from the patient's reporting to Department of Orthodontics, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, India.

PICA.

"PICA" means perverted appetite for substances not fit as food or of no nutritional value such as, bricks, clay, soil, ice, laundry starch, etc. The word ''PICA'' is derived from Latin word for Magpie, a species of bird that feeds on whatever it encounters. ''PICA'' has been observed in ethnic groups worldwide in primitive and modern cultures, in both sexes and in all age groups.

Microbial metabolism of pyrazines.

Pyrazines are a group of 1,4 dinitrogen substituted benzenes. They have near ubiquitous biological distribution and majority are anthropogenic. The demand for pyrazines in the recent years has increased owing to their vast applications in the field of food, agriculture and medicine.

Identification, isolation, and characterization of potential degradation products in a triple combination lamivudine, zidovudine, and nevirapine tablet for oral suspension.

An unknown impurity (degradation product) present at a level below 0.1% in the initial sample was increased to 0.25% in 50 degrees C 3 M stability samples of lamivudine, zidovudine and nevirapine tablets for oral suspension, as detected by gradient reverse phase HPLC.