Enlightening the promising role of nanoparticle-based treatments against Naegleria fowleri-induced primary amoebic meningoencephalitis: A brain-eating disease.

Naegleria fowleri, is the causative agent of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), a lethal acute brain inflammation with high mortality. The virulent and reproductively active trophozoite stage of N. fowleri migrates to central nervous system (CNS) by entering through nasal passage and causes severe neural infection, brain disease and inflammation with high mortality.

Drugs resistance and new strategies of prevention against Malaria: An ongoing battle.

From ancient times until 21st century, Malaria has remained a fatal disease. It causes death in many poor and developing countries. Excluding vector control, Antimalarial drugs are the most reliable and effective weapon to tackle this severe disease.

Geothermal energy integrated multi-effect evaporator (MEE) and multi-effect distillation (MED)-based desalination systems: an ecofriendly and sustainable solutions.

Desalination is a tried-and-true method for obtaining clean water from the ocean's brackish waters and recycling and reusing water. It requires a fair amount of energy, so it is necessary to create sustainable energy systems to lessen energy use and environmental impact. For thermal desalination procedures, thermal sources can be great heat sources.

Methylglyoxal in combination with 5-Fluorouracil elicits improved chemosensitivity in breast cancer through apoptosis and cell cycle inhibition.

The anti-carcinogenic effect of Methylglyoxal (MG) is well established. It generally targets malignant cells by affecting glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration with minimum or no toxicity to normal cells. In an initial study we have reported that MG can synergistically act with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to decreases the number of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (Ghosh S, Pal A, Ray M, 2017).

Methylglyoxal at metronomic doses sensitizes breast cancer cells to doxorubicin and cisplatin causing synergistic induction of programmed cell death and inhibition of stemness.

Potent anticancer activity coupled with absence of toxicity at therapeutic dose established the glycolytic metabolite, methylglyoxal, as a promising candidate against malignant neoplasia. In this preclinical study we illustrate the applicability of methylglyoxal in formulating an optimally designed combination regimen with chemotherapeutic drugs against breast cancer. Results demonstrated a synergistic augmentation in doxorubicin and cisplatin mediated cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cell lines MDA MB 231 & MCF 7 with methylglyoxal co-treatment at metronomic concentrations.

Creatine supplementation with methylglyoxal: a potent therapy for cancer in experimental models.

The anti-cancer effect of methylglyoxal (MG) is now well established in the literature. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of creatine as a supplement in combination with MG both in vitro and in vivo. In case of the in vitro studies, two different cell lines, namely MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) and C2C12 (mouse myoblast cell line) were chosen.

Nanofabrication of methylglyoxal with chitosan biopolymer: a potential tool for enhancement of its anticancer effect.

Purpose: The normal metabolite methylglyoxal (MG) specifically kills cancer cells by inhibiting glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration without much adverse effect upon normal cells. Though the anticancer property of MG is well documented, its gradual enzymatic degradation in vivo has prompted interest in developing a nanoparticulate drug delivery system to protect it and also to enhance its efficacy.

Materials And Methods: MG-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles (Nano-MG) were prepared by conjugating the carbonyl group of MG with the amino group of chitosan polymer (Schiff's base formation).

Immunomodulation of macrophages by methylglyoxal conjugated with chitosan nanoparticles against Sarcoma-180 tumor in mice.

Methylglyoxal (MG), the potent anticancer agent has been conjugated to a nontoxic, biocompatible polymer, chitosan, to protect it from in vivo enzymatic degradation. This polymeric complex, 'Nano-MG' shows remarkable antitumor property and elicits macrophage-mediated immunity in tumor bearing mice on intravenous (0.4 mg/kg body wt/day) treatment more efficiently than MG (20mg/kg body wt/day).

Methylglyoxal induced activation of murine peritoneal macrophages and surface markers of T lymphocytes in sarcoma-180 bearing mice: involvement of MAP kinase, NF-kappa beta signal transduction pathway.

Methylglyoxal profoundly stimulates host's immune response against tumor cell by producing reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI's) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI's) [Bhattacharyya, N., Pal, A., Patra, S.

Activation of macrophages and lymphocytes by methylglyoxal against tumor cells in the host.

Methylglyoxal is a normal metabolite and has the potential to affect a wide variety of cellular processes. In particular, it can act selectively against malignant cells. The study described herein was to investigate whether methylglyoxal can enhance the non-specific immunity of the host against tumor cells.