A Trial of Early Antiretrovirals and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Africa.

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis is high. We conducted a trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design to assess the benefits of early antiretroviral therapy (ART), 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), or both among HIV-infected adults with high CD4+ cell counts in Ivory Coast.

Methods: We included participants who had HIV type 1 infection and a CD4+ count of less than 800 cells per cubic millimeter and who met no criteria for starting ART according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines.

Seven native cases of dengue in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

Objective: We had for aim to describe the epidemiological, clinical, biological, and outcome features of dengue fever in Abidjan, in 2010.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively studied the files of patients hospitalized for dengue fever in 2010, in Abidjan. The diagnosis was made on clinical symptoms and positive dengue PCR and/or IgM.

Cryptoccocal meningitis and HIV in the era of HAART in Côte d'Ivoire.

Objective: The authors had for aim to describe the management of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV infected adults, in Ivory Coast.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study was made from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2008 on the files of consecutive hospitalized patients presenting with cryptococcal meningitis, at the Treichville University Hospital, Infectious and tropical diseases department (Abidjan). The socio-demographic, clinical, and biological aspects as well as the outcome were analyzed.

[Malaria and HIV infection in subSaharan Africa: another match made in hell?].

Malaria and HIV are the most important infections in subSaharan Africa, in terms of the morbidity and mortality they cause. Current data suggest a possible interaction between the two diseases. Cellular immunodeficiency due to HIV infection might increase the frequency and severity of malaria, as local populations in endemic areas become less resistant.

[Antiretroviral prophylaxis after non-occupational exposure to HIV in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire)].

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the tolerability and adherence to all non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for cases of HIV exposure in Abidjan.

Method: We retrospectively studied all post-exposure prophylaxis for non-occupational exposures to HIV prescribed from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2007 in the Abidjan infectious diseases department. We analyzed the types of exposure, socio-demographic characteristics of patients, antiretroviral therapy regimens, adherence and tolerability, duration of the treatment, and post-exposure follow-up.

[Efficiency and safety of antiretroviral treatment among the elderly in Abidjan].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of antiretroviral treatment in elderly people followed at the Unit for Infectious and Tropical Diseases at the University Hospital in Abidjan.

Material And Methods: We performed a retrospective descriptive study of the files of people aged at least 60 years, infected by HIV who were treated and followed-up in the Unit between 1 January 1999 and 31 December 2006. We analysed sociodemographic (age, sex), clinical (weight, Karnofsky scale, CDC, opportunistic infections), biological (HIV, CD4, haemogram, glycaemia, creatininaemia, transaminasaemia) and therapeutic (antiretroviral regimens, evolution, side-effects) parameters.

[Impact of access to antiretroviral therapy in Côte d'Ivoire].

In 1998 UNAIDS implemented the national drug access initiative (DAI) in Côte d'Ivoire. The Ivorian government took the DAI over in 2000 with the support of the Global Fund and Presidential Emergency Program For AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). The ensuing affordability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), medical staff training, and healthcare equipment allowed Ministry of Health to improve HIV care throughout the country.

[Efavirenz versus indinavir among HIV-1 naive patients in Abidjan (Ivory Coast)].

Objective: The authors had for aim to compare the therapeutic efficiency and tolerance of 2 NRTI+efavirenz (EFV) versus 2 NRTI+indinavir (IDV) in HIV infected adults in Abidjan.

Methods: A retrospective and multicentric study was made on 327 HIV-1 naive patients, 142 in the EFV group and 185 in the IDV group followed in Abidjan from November 1998 to December 2003. The analysis concerned clinical advents (opportunistic infections) and immunovirological parameters (CD4, viral load).

[Medical emergencies related to HIV/AIDS in tropical zones: a prospective study in Cote d'Ivoire (1999-2000)].

At the beginning of the HIV epidemic, the incidence of the complications considered as emergencies was high in developed countries but with the advent of new therapeutic strategies the frequency of such complications and the associated need for emergency treatment decreased drastically. In developing countries where management resources remain limited, HIV/AIDS patients are still exposed to the risk of serious complications. However few studies have documented exact implication of HIV/AIDS in medical emergencies hospitals in developing countries.

[Pregnancy and periodontal health. Study of 133 pregnant women].

The pregnancy is a modified physiological state having consequences on the buccal sphere generally and on the periodontal tissues in particular. We proceeded to the periodontal exam of 133 pregnant women; in spite of a relatively acceptable hygiene, 73.7% of them present periodontal changes.

[Localized tetanus in Abidjan: clinical and prognostic features (1976-1997)].

Unlabelled: Localised tetanus, rarely described in Africa, was examined retrospectively in Abidjan, over a period of 22 years (1976-97). Forty-five patients--representing an incidence rate of 2% of tetanus cases--were reported in this time span. The mean age was 23 years, and none of the patients had had prior access to adequate immunoprophylaxis.

[Adult non-viral lymphocytic meningitis in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)].

Our prospective and longitudinal study aimed to analyse the aetiologies, clinical features and prognostic of non viral lymphocytes meningitis (NVLM). We recruited 131 patients, 77 males (59%) and 54 females (41%) sex-ratio 1.4.

[Neurosurgical complications of purulent meningitis in the tropical zone].

Our retrospective study concerned 35 cases of surgical complications related to bacterial meningitis in 16 adults and 19 children. The mean age was 28 years for adults (15-56 years), and 6 months for children (1-12 months). Portal of entry for meningitis was found in 12 cases (35%): 8 sinusitis and 4 otitis.

[Problems produced by the use of antitubercular agents in a reference service for HIV/AIDS in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)].

This study reports on the experience using antituberculosis drugs in a HIV/AIDS reference service in Abidjan during a 64 month period. Prevalence of tuberculosis is 1.9% out of a total of 23,957 patients.

Oropharyngeal candidiasis in AIDS patients from Abidjan (Ivory Coast): antifungal susceptibilities and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis of Candida albicans isolates.

Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) and in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing were used to investigate the Candida albicans strain diversity in twenty nine AIDS patients from Abidjan (Ivory Coast). All patients were monitored for a first episode of oropharyngeal candidiasis and were randomly clustered into three groups of therapy: ketoconazole, amphotericin B or nystatin. Oral swabs were collected before every treatment, 14 and 30 days after the initiation of the therapy; a total of 67 isolates were investigated.

[Profound mycoses in AIDS in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)].

During 1995, among 1105 HIV patients explored in our department, 64 presented a deep fungic infection (5.8%). The yeast was searched for in cerebrospinal fluid, blood, urine, and bronchoalveolar aspiration.

[Surveillance of the sensitivity of antibiotics to the principal germs responsible for purulent meningitis at the University Hospital Center in Treichville from 1986 to 1991].

Between January 1986 and December 1991, the sensitivity of germs isolated from purulent meningitidis diagnosed at the Universitary and Hospital Center Treichville was tested with reference to the antibiotics utilized in the treatment of purulent meningitidis (Ampicillin, cefotaxime, amoxicillin+clavulinic acid, chloramphenicol, gentamicin and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)). Cefotaxime, cephalosporin of the third generation, keeps its effectiveness on the main germs as a whole (Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, haemophilus influenzae). On the contrary, the other antibiotics undergo some fluctuations, or their activities are declining year after year.

Seroprevalence of HIV infection in the general population of the Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa.

A seroepidemiological survey to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the general population of the Ivory Coast was carried out in February 1989. Sera were collected from subjects between 15 and 65 years old in urban areas (not including Abidjan) and rural areas using the cluster sample technique. A total of 1,700 people were tested in urban areas, and 125 (7.

[Complications of chickenpox seen in 44 patients in Abidjan].

The prevalence of complications is 38% in 116 patients with varicella. Cutaneous surinfection is observed in 30 patients (26%), pneumopathy in 4 cases resulting in death of 3 patients, encephalitis in 3 patients (1.7%).