A General Strategy for Exceptionally Robust Conducting Polymer-Based Bioelectrodes with Multimodal Capabilities Through Decoupled Charge Transport Mechanisms.

Bioelectrodes function as a critical interface for signal transduction between living organisms and electronics. Conducting polymers (CPs), particularly poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), are among the most promising materials for bioelectrodes, due to their electrical performance, high compactness, and ease of processing, but often suffer from degradation or de-doping even in some common environments (e.g.

Non-copper-based Catalysts for CO2 Electroreduction to Multi-carbon Compounds.

Renewable energy has made significant strides, with the cost of clean electricity plummeting, making the use of renewable electricity for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to synthesize high-value chemicals and fuels more economically attractive. Notably, certain non-copper-based electrocatalysts have shown remarkable selectivity for C2+ products at low overpotentials, even enabling the production of multi-carbon molecules that are undetectable on copper-based electrodes. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for research into non-copper catalysts.

Inverse Design of Multi-Port Power Splitter with Arbitrary Ratio Based on Shape Optimization.

Arbitrary ratio power splitters (APSs) play a crucial role in enhancing the flexibility of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. However, most existing APSs are designed with two output channels, limiting their functionality. In this study, we present a shape optimization method to develop a multiport arbitrary ratio power splitter (MAPS) that enables arbitrary power distribution across three output channels within a compact footprint of 6 µm × 2.

Building a Highly Stable Red/Near Infrared Afterglow Library with Highly Branched Structures.

Achieving organic red/near infrared (NIR) phosphorescence at high temperatures is theoretically challenging because of the severe nonradiative transitions of excited triplet states with low energy gaps. This study realizes bright and persistent red/NIR afterglow with excellent high-temperature resistance up to 413 K via highly efficient (≈100%) phosphorescence resonance energy transfer (PRET) from rationally designed branched phosphorescence luminogens as energy donors to red/NIR dyes as acceptors, coupled with optimized aggregated structures. According to systematic investigations, the abundant internal cavities formed by the highly branched luminogens in solid states ensure dye loading and space limitation, which can considerably suppress nonradiative transitions at high temperatures, promoting a persistent red/NIR afterglow with excellent stability.

Population genomics and transcriptomics identify patterns of selection in two Liangshan chicken breeds.

1. The global diversity of domestic chicken breeds, each exhibiting unique and specialised traits, offers a compelling context to explore how selection influences genetic variation patterns. China, with its myriad local chicken breeds, contributes significantly to this diversity.

Transcriptome-based insights into the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in lung adenocarcinoma prognosis and therapy.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are related to drug resistance and prognosis of tumor patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between prognosis and drug treatment response in patients with CAF and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The data pertaining to LUAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas-LUAD and GSE68465 datasets.

Lower creatinine levels are associated with an increased risk of depression: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Previous studies have found that depressive patients tend to have low levels of creatinine; however, the extent to which creatinine levels are associated with depression has been poorly investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between creatinine levels and depression.

Methods: The participants and follow-up data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), as well as metabolomics data from the Metabolite Network of Depression Database (MENDA), were collected.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Wang, Othman, Qiu and Borzée, 2023 (Amphibia, Caudata, Hynobiidae) and its phylogenetic implications.

(Caudata, Hynobiidae) is a recently described species, identified in 2022, and is thus not widely known. In this study, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitogenome of . The resulting mitochondrial genome is 16,406 bp in length and comprises 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), 22 transfer RNA genes, and a non-coding region.

Case Report: Prepubertal-type testicular teratoma with local metastasis in a postpubertal patient.

Introduction: We report for the first time a case of a postpubertal patient presenting with a metastatic prepubertal-type testicular teratoma.

Case Discussion: A 29-year-old male with a history of corrected unilateral cryptorchidism presented with progressive bilateral lower extremity edema. Imaging revealed an inferior vena cava thrombus associated with a complex mass.

Timing of thoracic radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy influences pulmonary injury.

The present study aimed to assess the impact of chest radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy at different time points in lung injury. This retrospective study analyzed 35 patients with thoracic tumors (29 lung cancer cases and 6 esophageal cancer cases) who received radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy between January 2021 and December 2023 at at Capital Medical University, affiliated with Beijing Luhe Hospital (Beijing, China), with a median follow-up time of 21 months. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (sequential, n=17), who received immunotherapy 2 weeks to 6 months before or after radiotherapy, and group B (synchronous, n=18), who received immunotherapy within 2 weeks before or after radiotherapy.

Metabolomic analyses reveal that graphene oxide alleviates nicosulfuron toxicity in sweet corn.

Nicosulfuron can repress the growth and quality of sweet corn (), and graphene oxide has been used for sustainable agriculture. However, the underlying mechanism of the toxicity of nicosulfuron that is mediated in sweet corn remains elusive. To explore the potential mechanism of GO-mediated nicosulfuron toxicity in sweet corn in this study, we investigated the effects of graphene oxide on nicosulfuron stress in the sweet corn sister inbred lines of H01 and H20.

Effect of acupuncture in patients with postprandial distress syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) is the prominent subtype in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and currently lacks a satisfactory treatment. Acupuncture has become a promising alternative and complementary therapy for managing FD. However, high-level clinical evidence supporting the use of acupuncture for FD is limited.

A virulent milRNA of f. sp. impairs plant resistance by targeting banana AP2 transcription factor coding gene .

Fungi produce microRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) with functional importance in various biological processes. Our previous research identified a new milRNA -milR87 from f. sp.

Adverse Selection as a Barrier to Achieving Universal Public Health Insurance Coverage in China.

Introduction: A significant presence of adverse selection in the health insurance market will pose a problem to achieving universal coverage. Public health insurance (PHI) in China is currently facing the challenge of declining enrollments. This situation aligns with the market failure scenario predicted by adverse selection theory.

Rapid and Effective Neuronal Conversion of Human Glioblastoma In Vitro and In Vivo Using Potent Small Molecules.

Exploring effective, prompt and universally applicable approaches for inducing the differentiation of glioblastoma (GBM) into terminally differentiated cells, such as astrocytes or neurons that cease cell division, is pivotal for the success of GBM differentiation therapy. In this study, a neuronal-specific promoter-reporter system was employed to screen small molecules that promote neural differentiation. The cocktail YFSS, consisting of Y27632, Forskolin, SB431542 and SP600125, which selectively targets the ROCK, cAMP, TGF-β and JNK signalling pathways, respectively, was found to effectively trigger differentiation in human GBM cells.

Evaluating the Diagnostic Performance of MR Cytometry Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Breast Tumors.

Background: MR cytometry is a class of diffusion-MRI-based methods that characterize tumor microstructures at the cellular level. It involves multicompartmental biophysical modeling of multi-b and multiple diffusion time data to generate microstructural parameters, which may improve differentiation of benign and malignant breast tumors.

Purpose: To implement MR cytometry imaging with transcytolemmal water exchange (JOINT and EXCHANGE) to differentiate benign and malignant breast tumors, and to compare the classification efficacy of IMPULSED, JOINT, and EXCHANGE.

Altered thyroid function and neurometabolic features provide clues to understand the comorbidity of bipolar II depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is highly comorbid with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), leading to poor treatment outcome and prognosis. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying BD comorbid with OCD remain poorly understood. To address it, we recruited 69 untreated patients with bipolar II depression, including 35 comorbid with OCD (BD-II-Depression-OCD) and 34 without OCD (BD-II-Depression-nonOCD), and 38 healthy controls (HC).

Effects of effective optical zone and decentration on visual quality after smile for different astigmatism types.

Purpose: To compare the refractive outcomes and visual quality among different types of astigmatism following SMILE and evaluate effective optical zone (EOZ) features, decentration and their potential effects on visual quality.

Methods: This study included 101 left eyes of 101 patients who underwent SMILE. Patients were grouped according to astigmatism types (with-the-rule [WTR], against-the-rule [ATR] and oblique astigmatism) and decentered displacement (major axis > minor axis and major axis < minor axis).

Psychometric testing of Chinese version of screening tools (PASS) and GAD among perinatal population: hospital based evidence 2023.

Background: Anxiety disorders are increasing worldwide, untreated anxiety is linked to maternal and child health outcomes. The purpose of this study is to test psychometric properties of the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) among Chinese women.

Methods: The PASS was translated into Chinese following Beaton's intercultural debugging guide.

Early prediction of invasive fungal infection risk in acute-on-chronic liver failure: a prediction model based on admission indicators.

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe clinical syndrome, and the incidence of invasive fungal infection (IFI) among hospitalized patients with ACLF is steadily increasing. The aim of this study is to develop a diagnostic nomogram to assist in the identification of IFI in these patients.

Methods: A retrospective study included 705 patients from January 1, 2019, to October 31, 2023, randomly divided into training (n = 493) and validation (n = 212) cohorts.

Influx of Metabolites into Cerebrospinal Fluid in Intracerebral Hemorrhage is Associated with Increased Central Inflammation: a Retrospective Observational Study.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is characterized by the rupture of blood vessels, allowing components from peripheral circulation to infiltrate the brain and impair central immune functions. This study employs non-targeted metabolomics to compare cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites between acute-phase and recovery-phase of ICH, aiming to identify metabolites associated with ICH central inflammation. CSF and plasma samples were collected from a retrospective observational cohort of participants with ICH (n = 38).

S-ketamine exposure in early postnatal period induces social deficit mediated by excessive microglial synaptic pruning.

The impact of general anesthetics on neurodevelopment is highly controversial in terms of clinical and preclinical studies. Evidence mounted in recent years indicated development of social cognitions was more susceptible to general anesthesia in early life. However, the behavioral characterization during adolescence and underlying mechanisms remains unclear.

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks for photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide.

Photocatalysis provides a sustainable and environment-friendly strategy to produce HO, yet the catalytic efficiency of HO overall photosynthesis (O + 2HO → 2HO) needs to be further improved, especially in the absence of additional cocatalysts, photosensitizers and sacrificial agents. Here we find that hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks can serve as photocatalysts for HO overall photosynthesis under the above-mentioned conditions. Specifically, we constructed a donor-acceptor hydrogen-bonded organic framework that exhibits a high photocatalytic activity for HO overall photosynthesis, with a production rate of 681.

A comprehensive dataset of magnetic resonance enterography images with intestinal segment annotations.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent bowel disease that usually requires magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) for diagnosis and monitoring. However, recognition of bowel segments from MRE images by a radiologist is challenging and time-consuming. Deep learning-based medical image segmentation has shown the potential to reduce manual effort and provide automated tools to assist in disease management; however, it requires a large-scale fine-annotated dataset for training.