The humanistic burden of immunoglobulin A nephropathy on patients and care-partners in the United States.

Purpose: This cross-sectional survey study quantified the humanistic burden of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), in terms of physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work productivity, among adults with primary IgAN and their care-partners.

Methods: HRQoL was assessed (01/31/22 - 05/31/23) with validated tools including the KDQoL-36 (with SF-12), GAD-7 (anxiety), PHQ-9 (depression), and WPAI: SHP (work productivity). Participant characteristics and total/domain scores were summarized; selected outcomes were compared to an external, kidney disease-free cohort.

Development and Application of a qPCR-Based Method Coupled with Spore Trapping to Monitor Airborne Pathogens of Wheat Causing Stripe Rust, Powdery Mildew, and Fusarium Head Blight.

Common wheat ( L.) production in China is challenged by stripe (yellow) rust, powdery mildew, and Fusarium head blight. Airborne inoculum of these pathogens is the causative driver of disease epidemics.

Identification of Wheat Stripe Rust Inoculum Sources and Dispersal Routes Responsible for Initial Rust Establishment in Southern Henan of China.

Wheat stripe rust (yellow rust), caused by f. sp. (), is an important airborne disease worldwide.

Elimination of surface defects in luminescent crystals through solid-liquid interface friction.

In this work, we report a simple yet robust strategy for eliminating surface defects in red-emitting fluorides through solid-liquid interface friction under elevated temperature and high pressure. This method is minimally dependent on the solvent type and especially excels at stripping away the abundant surface defects caused by mechanical crushing.

Safety and efficacy of restarting immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer patients following immune-related adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of restarting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after experiencing immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify studies investigating the safety and efficacy of restarting ICIs in NSCLC patients after irAEs. Outcome measures, including objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) after ICI restarting, were extracted.

biomass and toxin accumulation in wheat tissues with and without Fusarium crown rot symptoms.

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is an important and devastating disease of wheat () caused by the fungus and related pathogens. Using two distinct susceptible cultivars, we investigated the isolation frequencies of and quantified its biomass accumulation and the levels of the associated toxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and DON-3-glucoside (D3G) in inoculated field-grown wheat plants. We detected in stem, peduncle, rachis, and husk tissues, but not in grains, whereas DON and D3G accumulated in stem, rachis, husk, and grain tissues.

Effector Protein Serine Carboxypeptidase FgSCP Is Essential for Full Virulence in and Is Involved in Modulating Plant Immune Responses.

Fusarium head blight caused by is a significant pathogen affecting wheat crops. During the infection process, effector proteins are secreted to modulate plant immunity and promote infection. The toxin deoxynivalenol is produced in infected wheat grains, posing a threat to human and animal health.

Delayed treatment initiation of oral anticoagulants among Medicare patients with atrial fibrillation.

Study Objective: This study aimed to identify factors associated with delayed oral anticoagulant (OAC) treatment initiation among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients in United States (US) clinical practice.

Participants: Medicare beneficiaries newly diagnosed with AF without moderate-to-severe mitral stenosis or a mechanical heart valve, were aged ≥65 years and prescribed OAC on or after 10/1/2015 through 2019 were included. Delayed and early OAC initiation were defined as >3 months and 0-3 months initiation from first AF diagnosis, respectively.

Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in 157 patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: real-world evidence from a single-center retrospective study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the therapeutic options for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). In this real-world study, we analyzed the treatment patterns in patients with ES-SCLC and evaluated the efficacy of chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy as first-line therapy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with ES-SCLC who received treatment at China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Beijing, China) between August 1, 2020, and April 30, 2023.

Protein Disulfide Isomerase FgEps1 Is a Secreted Virulence Factor in .

Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) superfamily with important functions in cellular stability, ion uptake, and cellular differentiation. While PDI has been extensively studied in humans and animals, its role in fungi remains relatively unknown. In this study, the biological functions of FgEps1, a disulfide bond isomerase in the fungal pathogen , were investigated.

Advancing Red-Emitting Fluoride Phosphors for Highly Stable White Light-Emitting Diodes: Crystal Reconstruction and Covalence Enhancement Strategy.

Mn-activated fluoride red phosphors exhibit excellent luminescence properties. However, a persistent technical challenge lies in their poor moisture resistance. Current strategies primarily focus on surface modifications to effectively shield the [MnF] species from water molecules while neglecting the underlying structure of the fluoride matrix.

A UV-induced self-reinforced hydrogel based on hydrophobic aggregation of strained 1,2-dithiolane rings.

A novel responsive hydrogel exhibiting self-reinforcement and self-healing capacity was developed based on the hydrophobic aggregation of strained 1,2-dithiolane rings. Oligomerization of 1,2-dithiolane within hydrophobic domains under UV irradiation not only reinforced the hydrogel but also maintained its dynamic cross-linked nature by converting the intraring dynamic S-S bond to an outer one.

Key infection stages defending heat stress in high-temperature-resistant f. sp. isolates.

With the increase of temperature in the winter wheat-growing regions in China, the high-temperature-resistant f. sp. () isolates developed in the fields.

One-Step Synergistic Treatment Approach for High Performance Amorphous InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors Fabricated at Room Temperature.

Amorphous InGaZnO (a-InGaZnO) is currently the most prominent oxide semiconductor complement to low-temperature polysilicon for thin-film transistor (TFT) applications in next-generation displays. However, balancing the transmission performance and low-temperature deposition is the primary obstacle in the application of a-InGaZnO TFTs in the field of ultra-high resolution optoelectronic display. Here, we report that a-InGaZnO:O TFT prepared at room temperature has high transport performance, manipulating oxygen vacancy (V) defects through an oxygen-doped a-InGaZnO framework.

Facile Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Evaluation of InO/SnO Microsphere Photocatalyst for Efficient Degradation of Rhodamine B.

The tin dioxide (SnO) photocatalyst has a broad application prospect in the degradation of toxic organic pollutants. In this study, micron-sized spherical SnO and flower indium oxide (InO) structures were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method, and the InO/SnO composite samples were prepared by a "two-step method". Using Rhodamine B (RhB) as a model organic pollutant, the photocatalytic performance of the InO/SnO composites was studied.

Efficacy of avapritinib versus best available therapy in the treatment of advanced systemic mastocytosis.

Advanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM) is a rare myeloid neoplasm associated with poor overall survival (OS). This study (NCT04695431) compared clinical outcomes between patients with AdvSM treated with avapritinib in the Phase 1 EXPLORER (NCT0256198) and Phase 2 PATHFINDER (NCT03580655) trials (N = 176) and patients treated with best available therapy (BAT; N = 141). A multi-center, observational, retrospective chart review study was conducted at six study sites (four European, two American) to collect data from patients with AdvSM who received BAT; these data were pooled with data from EXPLORER and PATHFINDER.

The Quantitative Analyses for the Effects of Two Wheat Varieties With Different Resistance Levels on the Fungicide Control Efficacies to Powdery Mildew.

Effective strategies to reduce the occurrence of wheat powdery mildew include the use of resistant varieties and application of fungicides. However, most studies rarely focus on the quantitative value of fungicide reduction using resistant varieties. To explore how the fungicides performed on different resistant wheat varieties to powdery mildew, field experiments were conducted during wheat growing seasons in 2018/19 and 2019/20 to investigate the control efficacies of enostroburin⋅epoxiconazole 18% SC and triadimefon 20% EC to wheat powdery mildew on a highly resistant wheat variety ("Baofeng104") and a highly susceptible wheat variety ("Jingshuang16").

Long-Distance Transport of f. sp. by Upper Airflow on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Disrupts the Balance of Agricultural Ecology in Central China.

Long-distance dispersal of plant pathogens in the air can establish diseases in other areas and lead to an increased risk of large-scale epidemics. Wheat stripe rust, caused by f. sp.

Genetic manipulation of gut microbes enables single-gene interrogation in a complex microbiome.

Hundreds of microbiota genes are associated with host biology/disease. Unraveling the causal contribution of a microbiota gene to host biology remains difficult because many are encoded by nonmodel gut commensals and not genetically targetable. A general approach to identify their gene transfer methodology and build their gene manipulation tools would enable mechanistic dissections of their impact on host physiology.

Modified cobalt-manganese oxide-coated carbon felt anodes: an available method to improve the performance of microbial fuel cells.

The novel MnCoO (MCO/CF), CNTs-MnCoO (CNTs-MCO/CF) and MnFeO-MnCoO (MFO-MCO/CF) electrodes were prepared on carbon felt (CF) by simple hydrothermal and coating method as anodes for MFC. The modified anodes combine the electrocatalytic properties of transition metal oxides (TMOs), the high electrical conductivity of CNTs and the good biocompatibility of CF. These anodes play a synergistically role in the synthesis of structural, to realize high-efficiency electron transfer, low resistance and sufficient space for microbial colonization, while also ensuring high power density.

Large-Scale Implementation and Flaw Investigation of Human Serum Suspect Screening Analysis for Industrial Chemicals.

Non-targeted analysis (NTA), including both suspect screening analysis (SSA) and unknown compound analysis, has gained increasing popularity in various fields for its capability in identifying new compounds of interests. Current major challenges for NTA SSA are that (1) tremendous effort and resources are needed for large-scale identification and confirmation of suspect chemicals and (2) suspect chemicals generally show low matching rates during identification and confirmation processes. To narrow the gap between these challenges and smooth implementation of NTA SSA methodology in the biomonitoring field, we present a thorough SSA workflow for the large-scale screen, identification, and confirmation of industrial chemicals that may pose adverse health effects in pregnant women and newborns.

A Comprehensive Non-targeted Analysis Study of the Prenatal Exposome.

Recent technological advances in mass spectrometry have enabled us to screen biological samples for a very broad spectrum of chemical compounds allowing us to more comprehensively characterize the human exposome in critical periods of development. The goal of this study was three-fold: (1) to analyze 590 matched maternal and cord blood samples (total 295 pairs) using non-targeted analysis (NTA); (2) to examine the differences in chemical abundance between maternal and cord blood samples; and (3) to examine the associations between exogenous chemicals and endogenous metabolites. We analyzed all samples with high-resolution mass spectrometry using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS) in both positive and negative electrospray ionization modes (ESI+ and ESI-) and in soft ionization (MS) and fragmentation (MS/MS) modes for prioritized features.

Suspect Screening, Prioritization, and Confirmation of Environmental Chemicals in Maternal-Newborn Pairs from San Francisco.

Our proof-of-concept study develops a suspect screening workflow to identify and prioritize potentially ubiquitous chemical exposures in matched maternal/cord blood samples, a critical period of development for future health risks. We applied liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS) to perform suspect screening for ∼3500 industrial chemicals on pilot data from 30 paired maternal and cord serum samples ( = 60). We matched 662 suspect features in positive ionization mode and 788 in negative ionization mode (557 unique formulas overall) to compounds in our database, and selected 208 of these for fragmentation analysis based on detection frequency, correlation in feature intensity between maternal and cord samples, and peak area differences by demographic characteristics.