Herpesviruses and human papillomaviruses in saliva and biopsies of patients with orofacial tumors.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and association of HPV and Herpesviruses in saliva and tissue samples of patients with orofacial tumors.

Methods: Biopsies of tumors were done, and saliva samples were collected from patients with orofacial tumors for the determination of viruses using nested multiplex PCR. Independent variables were sex, age, comorbidities, tumor stage, and length of stay.

Burdens and predictors of the Burden experienced by Family Caregivers of Patients with Oral and Maxillofacial Tumours.

Aim: There is a dearth of knowledge on the burden of family caregivers of patients with maxillofacial tumours in Nigeria. This burden may be influenced by racial peculiarities and the disease entity of the patient. The aim of this study is to assess and document the burdens and predictors of burdens experienced by family caregivers of patients with oral maxillofacial tumours presenting at a tertiary health facility in South Western Nigeria.

Surgical Glove Perforation and Percutaneous Injury during Intermaxillary Fixation with 0.5 Mm Stainless Steel Wire.

Introduction: The risk of exposure of either the patient or the surgeon to pathogens when the surgical glove is perforated is significant. This is particularly so in jaw fractures when intermaxillary fixation is done with the stainless-steel wire as many perforations also result in percutaneous injury.

Material And Method: This study was carried out in two tertiary Hospitals in Abuja, Nigeria.

Attitude and Behavior to Oral Health of 456 Patients Who Presented for Tooth Extraction at 2 Health Facilities in Southwestern Nigeria.

Introduction: Tooth loss can indicate the population's oral health situation; majority of patients presenting for tooth extraction have poor oral health behavior and dental service utilization. Understanding the factors responsible for the poor attitude may help in designing targeted intervention to improve their oral health behavior. This study aims to find out the effects of dental health attitude and behavior on tooth mortality in a cohort of adults attending the oral surgery clinic for tooth extraction in 2 health facilities in southwestern Nigeria.

Developing a competency-based medical education curriculum for the core basic medical sciences in an African Medical School.

The College of Medicine of the University of Ibadan recently revised its MBBS and BDS curricula to a competency-based medical education method of instruction. This paper reports the process of revising the methods of instruction and assessment in the core basic medical sciences directed at producing medical and dental graduates with a sound knowledge of the subjects sufficient for medical and dental practice and for future postgraduate efforts in the field or related disciplines. The health needs of the community and views of stakeholders in the Ibadan medical and dental schools were determined, and the "old" curriculum was reviewed.

Evaluation of pedestrian road traffic maxillofacial injuries in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Unlabelled: Background: Walking is the most basic form of mobility and forms an important part of daily activities; however, walking could often be associated with risks. This is more so when pedestrians share a common space with motorized vehicles especially in developing countries. Despite the frequency of road traffic crashes (RTC) related pedestrian injuries in many developing countries, there is a dearth of documentation of maxillofacial injuries in victims of pedestrian road traffic crashes.

Updates on the epidemiology and pattern of traumatic maxillofacial injuries in a nigerian university teaching hospital: a 12-month prospective cohort in-hospital outcome study.

Many studies have been undertaken in Nigeria on maxillofacial trauma. However, only a few have considered both the skeletal and soft tissue injuries (in general) involving all the aspects of the maxillofacial region or considered other etiological sources of trauma apart from road traffic crashes. Fewer still have reviewed the outcome of management of facial injuries in our low-resource environment.

DENTAL IMPLANT TREATMENT AT A NIGERIAN TEACHING HOSPITAL.

Background: There has been an increase in the awareness of dental implant as a replacement option for missing teeth and this has consequently led to an increased demand for dental implant.

Aim & Objectives: To determine the distribution and pattern of implant placement in a tertiary hospital in a developing country.

Materials & Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the University College Hospital to assess the treatment outcome of all the patients who had had osseointegrated root form endosseous dental implants over a period of five years.

The impact of protective devices on the severity of road traffic maxillofacial injuries in ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: Road traffic crashes related maxillofacial injuries constitute a major part of the trauma workload of the maxillofacial surgeon. These injuries are sometimes fatal and may be associated with long term psychosocial sequelae. Several devices have been designed to reduce the severity of these injuries and therefore diminish the associated morbidity and mortality.

Concomitant injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in Abuja, Nigeria.

Background: Injury is the leading cause of death and disability and the third most common cause of death Little attention has been given to the concomitant injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in scientific literatures.

Objectives: For effective planning and efficient management of the patients, there is need to study the pattern ofthese injuries.

Methods: Consecutive patients who sustained one or more facial bone fractures over a period of 2 years were prospectively studied.

Retrospective evaluation of necrotizing fasciitis in University College Hospital, Ibadan.

Context: Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis (CNF), although a potentially fatal fulminant infection has been largely under-reported in the dental literature.

Aims: To report our experience with cases seen and treated at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Settings And Design: A descriptive retrospective clinical study.

Pattern of Assault-induced Oral and Maxillofacial Injuries in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

Background: Assault, though a major cause of maxillofacial injuries in the developed nations, has not been adequately investigated among Nigerian population. This study aimed to analyze the pattern of maxillofacial injuries caused by assault in our institution.

Methods: A descriptive clinical survey of patients with assault-induced oral and maxillofacial injuries presenting to our maxillofacial surgery clinic/emergency ward was carried out.

Mandibular defect reconstruction with nonvascularized iliac crest bone graft.

Context: Reconstruction of mandibular defect is a challenge to the head and neck surgeon because of associated functional and esthetic problems. Our experience with the use of nonvascularized iliac crest bone graft is hereby reported.

Aim: The aim was to report our experience with the use of nonvascularized iliac crest bone for mandibular defect reconstruction at University College Hospital, Ibadan.

An audit of mandibular defect reconstruction methods in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

Aims And Objectives: To audit methods of mandibular defect reconstruction used in our institution.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of mandibular bone reconstruction at the University College Hospital Ibadan between January 2001 and December 2007. Relevant records were retrieved from patients' case notes and operation register.

Keratoameloblastoma of the mandible.

Keratoameloblastoma is a very rare ameloblastoma variant defined by extensive squamous metaplasia and keratinization. There are 13 previously reported cases in the literature, with a male predilection of 3:1. A 38-year-old male presented with a painless mandibular swelling which had been progressively increasing in size for 18 months.

Comparative effect of tube drain on post operative inflammatory complications of impacted mandibular third molar surgery College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background And Objectives: Swelling, pain and trismus are acute reversible inflammatory complications of impacted mandibular third molar (M3) surgery. They contribute to the deterioration of quality of life and loss of several useful working hours. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of a surgical drain following M3 surgery can minimise these inflammatory complications.

Incidence and risk factors for nerve injuries in mandibular third molar surgery.

Background: The inferioralveolar (IAN), lingual (LN) and long buccal nerves (LBN)are the three terminal branches of the trigeminal nerve which are susceptible to injury during surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. While it is not always possible to accurately predict the patients that will be affected with these complications, understanding and identifying the risk factors may allow the adoption of appropriate technique and expertise for specific cases. We embarked on this study to document the incidence and duration of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), lingual nerve (LN) and long buccal nerve (LBN) following the operative removal of impacted mandibular third molars and to identify the associated radiographic and operative risk factors.

Evaluation of Pederson index as an instrument for predicting difficulty of third molar surgical extraction.

Aim: This study was intended to assess the clinical reliability of the Pederson index as an instrument for preoperative determination of surgical difficulty in third molar surgery.

Methods: Pederson index was used to predict the difficulty of 79 cases of impacted mandibular third molar extractions. The predictions were compared with actual surgical difficulty determined by operation time.

Indications for the removal of impacted mandible third molars at Ibadan--any compliance with established guidelines?

The removal of impacted lower third molars has been a subject of controversy among dental practitioners since the turn of the twentieth century. A yet unresolved aspect of the controversy is the definition of appropriate indications for surgical extraction. Clinical guidelines have long been established but the effectiveness of adoption of the guidelines is still to be proved in our environment.

Relative impact of patient characteristics and radiographic variables on the difficulty of removing impacted mandibular third molars.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the relative contributions of patient characteristics and radiographic variables to the difficulty of extraction of impacted mandibular third molars in a Nigerian population.

Methods And Materials: Seventy-nine consecutive patients undergoing mandibular third molar extractions were recruited for this prospective cohort study. Specific patient characteristics and radiographic variables were recorded.

Oral manifestation of HIV/AIDS.

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) have become a pandemic with about 40 million infected people world-wide. The virus attacks the immune cells resulting in a defective cell-mediated immune response thus exposing the host to opportunistic infections. Oral and peri-oral lesions are often seen in HIV infections and sometimes, appear as the first indicators of the disease.

Multiple malignant lesions involving the orofacial region: a case report.

We describe a rare finding in a 38 year old patient with previously undiagnosed prostate cancer who presented with multiple facial swellings, mental nerve neuropathy and paraplegia. While the co-existence of paraplegia and mental nerve neuropathy is a possible feature of metastatic prostate cancer involving the spine and mandible, the concomitant occurrence of multiple facial swellings involving the anterior mandible with its related gingival and lip mucosa, frontal bone and parotid glands is a rare finding. This raised a suspicion of two histologically different malignancies co-existing in this patient.

Intra-oral squamous cell carcinoma in Nigerians under 40 years of age: a clinicopathological review of eight cases.

Intra-oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a disease commonly seen in patients aged 50 and above. A recent report on intra-oral SCC in the Nigerian population placed the mean age of occurrence for the disease at 50.7 years for male and 49.

Intra-oral traumatic implantation: a case report.

A case of traumatic implantation of a broken piece of a ball point pen in the pterygomandibular region in a 13-year-old male patient is presented. Removal of the pen shaft was done by blunt dissection and careful manipulation under local anaesthesia. The possible complications of similar cases are enumerated.