Integrative Transcriptome-Wide Association Study With Expression Quantitative Trait Loci Colocalization Identifies a Causal VAMP8 Variant for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Susceptibility.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Asia-prevalent malignancy, yet its genetic underpinnings remain incompletely understood. Here, a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) is conducted on NPC, leveraging gene expression prediction models based on epithelial tissues and genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from 1577 NPC cases and 6359 controls of southern Chinese descent. The TWAS identifies VAMP8 on chromosome 2p11.

Efficacy and safety of anticoagulation in asymptomatic cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The role of anticoagulation in asymptomatic cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation in this patient population.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase up to August 2024.

Whole-exome sequencing association study reveals genetic effects on tumor microenvironment components in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) presents a substantial clinical challenge due to the limited understanding of its genetic underpinnings. Here we conduct the largest scale whole-exome sequencing association study of NPC to date, encompassing 6,969 NPC cases and 7,100 controls. We unveil 3 germline genetic variants linked to NPC susceptibility: a common rs2276868 in RPL14, a rare rs5361 in SELE, and a common rs1050462 in HLA-B.

Dietary inflammatory index and the risks of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Previous studies have suggested a correlation between dietary inflammatory potential and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory potential, measured by the dietary inflammation index (DII), and NAFLD.

Methods: From establishing the database to June 2023, a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library were performed to identify relevant observational studies.

Efficacy and Safety of Programmed Death 1/Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Plus Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 Inhibitors for Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: This meta-analysis aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors for patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Authors conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Medline for randomized controlled trials comparing the prognosis and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 plus CTLA-4 inhibitors with other therapies for advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as effect sizes.

Efficacy of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Overweight/Obese and/or T2DM Adolescents: A Meta-analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on blood glucose and weight in adolescents with overweight/obesity and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) aged <18 years.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to August 2023 comparing GLP-1RAs with placebo in overweight/obese and/or T2DM adolescents and extracted relevant data for meta-analysis.

Results: Fourteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis with a total of 1,262 participants.

The cardiac-related adverse events of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in advanced or metastatic lung cancer: a RCT-based meta-analysis.

Background: This study aims to investigate the effect of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy on cardiac-related adverse events in patients with advanced or metastatic lung cancer.

Methods: We conducted a detailed search in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochran, and Embase for articles on the application of immunotherapy for lung cancer and report cardiac-related adverse events with respect to myocardial ischemia, pericardial effusion, myocarditis, and electrophysiology. The dichotomous variables were assessed by relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-assisted surgery for traumatic bronchial rupture: a report of three cases.

Background: Traumatic tracheal rupture is a severe closed chest injury that often causes major respiratory and circulatory disturbances requiring emergency surgery. We have found that veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) employs lung-protective ventilation strategies to facilitate lung rest, aiming to minimize the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury, while ensuring adequate oxygenation.

Case Description: We presented 3 critically ill patients who presented with traumatic bronchial rupture between 2019 and 2021, and underwent emergency thoracic surgery with the help of VV-ECMO.

Integrin α6 overexpression promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis via activating the NF-κB signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: It has been reported that tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis plays an important role in lymph node metastasis and contributes to the poor survival of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. As yet, however, the molecular mechanism underlying LUAD-associated lymphangiogenesis has remained elusive.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to determine the expression of integrin subunit alpha 6 (ITGA6) and the lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (Lyve1) in clinicopathologically characterized LUAD specimens.

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with intra-aortic balloon pump for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is currently recommended as a strategy to address the increased afterload in patients who received venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). The benefit of VA-ECMO with IABP in postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock is inconclusive. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the influence of VA-ECMO with IABP for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCS).

Narrative review of pembrolizumab for the treatment of esophageal cancer: evidence and outlook.

Objective: Based on the current evidence, review the efficacy and safety profile of pembrolizumab, along with its shortcomings, in an effort to define future research directions.

Background: The survival outcome of esophageal cancer (EC) is poor, especially in patients with advanced stage. Palliative surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy have limited efficacy in prolonging the survival time.

A narrative review of primary research endpoints of neoadjuvant therapy for lung cancer: past, present and future.

Objective: This review summarizes the current status of neoadjuvant therapy and discusses the choice of new clinical research endpoints for non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a recognized practice in patients with resectable and locally advanced lung cancer. With the introduction of molecular targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the overall survival (OS) of patients with lung cancer has been significantly improved, and the original traditional clinical research endpoints are no longer suitable for existing clinical research.

Inter-relationship among myasthenia gravis, WHO histology, and Masaoka clinical stage and effect on surgical methods in patients with thymoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The aim of study is to analyze the inter-relationship among WHO histology, myasthenia gravis (MG) and Masaoka stage and to assess the feasibility of thoracoscopic surgery in thymoma patients.

Methods: Data from 142 consecutive thymoma patients from January 2009 to March 2016 were retrospectively reviewed in our institution. Histological classification and clinical staging were assessed by WHO histology criteria and Masaoka stage.

Case report: acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis following viper bite.

The most serious complications of the central nervous system that occur after venomous snake bite are intracranial hemorrhage and ischemic stroke.We present a rarely seen central nervous system complication, acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, after a treated Deinagkistrodon's viper bite.On April 5, 2015, a 50-year-old male farmer was bitten on his right leg by a Deinagkistrodon's viper.

[Comparison of sedative effects of propofol and midazolam on emergency critical patients on mechanical ventilation].

Objective: To compare the sedative effects of propofol and midazolam, or combination of them on emergency critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Medical records of 68 patients treated in emergency intensive care unit (EICU) receiving mechanical ventilation and sedation care from August 2007 to July 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. According to the type of sedatives used, patients were assigned to propofol group (n=28), midazolam group (n=20), combination of propofol and midazolam group (combination group, n=20).