Purpose: To update recommendations on appropriate use of breast cancer biomarker assay results to guide adjuvant endocrine and chemotherapy decisions in early-stage breast cancer.
Methods: An updated literature search identified randomized clinical trials and prospective-retrospective studies published from January 2016 to October 2021. Outcomes of interest included overall survival and disease-free or recurrence-free survival.
Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies are highly effective at preventing breast cancer recurrence but are associated with cardiotoxicity in some patients, and minimal data are available regarding racial disparities in the incidence of this toxicity. The authors conducted a retrospective study to analyze the association of black or white race with treatment-induced cardiotoxicity and incomplete therapy among patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer.
Methods: Women with HER2-positive, stage I through III breast cancer who initiated (neo)adjuvant HER2-targeted therapy (trastuzumab with or without pertuzumab) from January 2005 to March 2015 at the authors' institution were eligible.
Objectives: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a pathologic, microscopic finding associated with invasive cancer, and is a poor prognostic indicator, but has no reported imaging findings. This report presents the first documented case of LVI with seen by imaging. Linear branching microcalcifications were identified on mammography and clumped enhancement was noted on MRI, both imaging findings that are highly predictive of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: We studied computed tomography (CT) features associated with BRAF mutated lung cancer.
Materials And Methods: CT features of BRAF mutated lung cancers were compared to stage matched lesions without BRAF mutation.
Results: 47 (25%) patients with BRAF mutation and 141 (75%) without BRAF mutation were included.
Objectives: The Hedgehog pathway has been implicated in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumor initiation and progression. Pharmacologic blockade of the key Hedgehog regulator, Smoothened, may inhibit these processes. We performed a phase I study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of sonidegib (LDE225), a selective, oral Smoothened antagonist, in combination with etoposide/cisplatin in newly diagnosed patients with extensive stage SCLC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm, whose biologic relationship to small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) versus non-SCLC (NSCLC) remains unclear, contributing to uncertainty regarding optimal clinical management. To clarify these relationships, we analyzed genomic alterations in LCNEC compared with other major lung carcinoma types.
Experimental Design: LCNEC (n = 45) tumor/normal pairs underwent targeted next-generation sequencing of 241 cancer genes by Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets (MSK-IMPACT) platform and comprehensive histologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical analysis.
Bronchial and thymic carcinoids are rare. We present epidemiologic data and potential risk factors. The approach to bronchial and thymic carcinoid patients is discussed, from the initial diagnosis and evaluations to treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Recurrent gene rearrangements are important drivers of oncogenesis in non-small cell lung cancers. RET and ROS1 rearrangements are each found in 1-2% of lung adenocarcinomas and represent distinct molecular subsets. This study assessed the computed tomography (CT) imaging features of patients with RET- and ROS1-rearranged lung cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Mutant BRAF is a driver oncogene found in 2% of lung adenocarcinomas and represents a target for therapy. We examined the clinical characteristics and course of patients with lung adenocarcinomas harboring BRAF mutations.
Methods: We identified patients with lung adenocarcinomas harboring BRAF mutations between 2009 and 2013 detected using a mass spectrometry-based polymerase chain reaction genotyping assay of hot-spot mutations involving codons corresponding to amino acids V600, D594, and G469 of BRAF.
Background: Thymic carcinomas are rare cancers with limited data regarding outcomes, particularly for those patients with advanced disease.
Methods: We identified patients with thymic carcinomas diagnosed between 1993 and 2012. Patient characteristics, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.
Introduction: Patients with early-stage lung cancer have a high risk of recurrence despite multimodality therapy. KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinomas are the largest genetically defined subgroup, representing 25% of patients. GI-4000 is a heat-killed recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast-derived vaccine expressing mutant KRAS proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoutine monitoring of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels is standard in patients with resected colorectal cancer (CRC). The incidence of false-positives and the upper limits of false-positive elevations have not been previously well characterized. A search of medical records at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center identified 728 patients who underwent an R0 resection of locoregional CRC between January 2003 and December 2012 and who had an increase in CEA level above the normal range after a normal perioperative CEA level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe tumor-suppressive activity of melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (mda-7), also known as interleukin 24 (IL-24), has been shown in a spectrum of human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. However, mechanisms responsible for antitumor activity of mda-7 in human ovarian cancer cells have not been identified. We investigated the therapeutic activity and underlying mechanisms of adenovirus-mediated mda-7 gene (Ad-mda7) transfer in human ovarian cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe have previously reported that overexpression of the melanoma differentiation-associated gene -7 (mda-7) using a replication-defective adenovirus (Ad-mda7), results in tumor-specific growth suppression and induction of apoptosis in wide variety of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor activity of Ad-mda7 and the underlying mechanism in human prostate cancer cells and normal prostate epithelial cells. Overexpression of MDA-7 induced significant (P=.
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