Network Pharmacology Suggests Mechanisms for Therapeutic Effects of on Avian Gout.

Avian gout (AG) is detrimental to the survival and production performance of poultry and effective drugs are lacking. has shown clinical efficacy against arthritis and may have potential value in AG prevention and treatment. In the present study, the components and targets of and AG-related targets were identified using relevant databases.

Intrauterine inoculation of pseudorabies virus impairs mouse embryo implantation via inducing inflammation and apoptosis in endometrium.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the pathogenic agent of pseudorabies, causing serious reproductive failure in swine. However, it is still unknown whether PRV uterine inoculation impairs blastocyst implantation. In the present study, a PRV infection mouse model was developed.

Interference of pseudorabies virus infection on functions of porcine granulosa cells via apoptosis modulated by MAPK signaling pathways.

Background: Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is one of the major viral pathogens leading to reproductive disorders in swine. However, little is known about the effects of PRV infection on porcine reproductive system. Ovarian granulosa cells are somatic cells surrounding oocytes in ovary and required for folliculogenesis.

Trophoblast-specific knockdown of CSPG4 expression causes pregnancy complications with poor placentation in mice.

The multifunctional molecule chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4/NG2) plays key roles in organogenesis and tumorigenesis. However, its roles in placentation remain unclear. In this study, CSPG4 expression in human and mouse placentas was investigated through immunohistochemistry (IHC), qPCR and western blotting.

α-Solanine Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration, and Induces Apoptosis in Human Choriocarcinoma JEG-3 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.

α-Solanine, a bioactive compound mainly found in potato, exhibits anti-cancer activity towards multiple cancer cells. However, its effects on human choriocarcinoma have not been evaluated. In the present study, we investigated the effect of α-solanine on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human choriocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

α-Solanine Causes Cellular Dysfunction of Human Trophoblast Cells via Apoptosis and Autophagy.

The trophoblast, an embryonic tissue, exerts a crucial role in the processes of implantation and placentation. Toxins in food can cause malfunction of trophoblasts, resulting in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and abnormal angiogenesis. α-solanine, a steroidal glycoalkaloid, has antitumor properties on several cancer cells.

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacenta for regulating of placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling.

Non-infectious prenatal mortality severely affects the porcine industry, with pathological placentation as a likely key reason. Previous studies have demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) deficiency causes defects in the uteroplacental vasculature and induces embryonic losses in mice. However, its role in porcine placental angiogenesis remains unclear.

R-spondin3 promotes the tumor growth of choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells.

R-spondin3 (RSPO3), an activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, plays a key role in tumorigenesis of various cancers, but its role in choriocarcinoma remains unknown. To investigate the effect of RSPO3 on the tumor growth of choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells, the expression of RSPO3 in human term placenta was detected, and a stable RSPO3-overexpressing JEG-3 cell line was established via lentivirus-mediated transduction. The expression of biomarkers involved in tumorigenicity was detected in the RSPO3-overexpressing JEG-3 cells, and cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were investigated.

Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in Pigs for Human Consumption in Hunan Province, China.

Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most important sources of foodborne diseases. In this study, the molecular prevalence and genotypes of T. gondii were investigated in pigs in Hunan province, China.

Peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ mediates porcine placental angiogenesis through hypoxia inducible factor‑, vascular endothelial growth factor‑ and angiopoietin‑mediated signaling.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ has been reported to be implicated in placentation in mice. Previous studies have demonstrated that PPARγ is also expressed in porcine placenta, primarily localized in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). The present study aimed to investigate the roles of PPARγ during porcine placental angiogenesis and examine the molecular mechanisms involved in its actions.

Dietary Supplementation of Astragalus Polysaccharides Enhanced Immune Components and Growth Factors EGF and IGF-1 in Sow Colostrum.

Colostrum is the main external resource providing piglets with nutrients and maternal immune molecules. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have been used as immunopotentiators in vitro and several animal models. This study aimed to determine the effects of APS on immune factors in sow colostrum and milk.

Sexing murine embryos with an indirect immunofluorescence assay using phage antibody B9-Fab against SDM antigen.

The use of serologically detectable male (SDM; also called H-Y) antigens to identify male embryos may be limited by the source of anti-SDM antibody. In the present study, novel anti-SDM B9-Fab recombinant clones (obtained by chain shuffling of an A8 original clone) were used to detect SDM antigens on murine embryos. Murine morulae and blastocysts (n=138) were flushed from the oviducts of Kunming mice and incubated with anti-SDM B9-Fab for 30 min at 37°C.

Engineering the male-specificity of Fab against SDM antigen by chain shuffling.

High-titer serologically detected male (SDM) antibody fragments are essential for specific binding to the SDM antigen and promoting its application. The A8 clone previously obtained from an original phage antibody library was further affinity-matured by light- and high-chain shuffling respectively, to generate the end product B9 clone. The binding capacity of B9 phage Fabs to male splenocytes doubled the value of its parental A8 clone (determined using ELISA).

Viral distribution and lesions in Kunming mice experimentally infected with porcine circovirus type 2b.

The viral distribution and lesions in Kunming mice experimentally infected with porcine circovirus type 2b (PCV-2b) were investigated. Seventy special pathogen free mice were divided into 2 groups with 35 mice in each group. The test group (TG) was infected with PCV-2b, the control group (CG) was inoculated with sterile cell cultures.

Identification of mouse 8-cell embryo stage-specific genes by Digital Differential Display.

Preimplantation development is critical for successful implantation and pregnancy. In the mouse preimplantation embryo, the first event of morphological and cellular differentiation is established during polarization and compaction at the 8-cell stage. The considerable cell surface and cytoplasmic changes and formation of different populations of cells at the 8-cell stage are fundamentally important for the development of all organisms.

Construction and characterization of phage display library: recognition of mouse serologically detected male (SDM) antigen.

Improvement of animal embryo sexing depends upon high-titer serologically detected male (SDM) antibody fragments. SDM sera collected from isogenic C57BL/7 female mice after inoculation with male spleen cells were characterized and used for construction of a recombinant Fab antibody library against SDM antigen, and used for analysis of the binding capacity and specificity to SDM antigen. The heavy-chain Fd and full-length light-chain kappa were amplified by RT-PCR from a mouse (#6) that'ed high-titer antiserum.

[Cloning and analysis of phage Fab antibodies of mouse male specific antigen].

To clone mouse phage antibodies against H-Y antigen from a phage antibody library, three cycles of affinity enrichment of the mouse phage antibody library with male spleen cells and two cycles of nonspecific absorption with female spleen cells were performed. The presence of mouse Fab on the phage surface was determined by ELISA and sequence analysis. 9 of 15 strains can bind to male spleen cells with the specific activity.