Value of Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using the MET-RADS-P Criteria for Assessing the Response to Intensified Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-naïve and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.

Background And Objectives: We assessed the agreement between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and imaging responses using whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (wbMRI). Our aim was to explore the potential prognostic value of PSA and wbMRI responses in metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) and castration-resistant PC (mCRPC).

Methods: wbMRI was prospectively performed in 37 patients with mHNPC and 51 with mCRPC before and after 6-12 mo of androgen deprivation therapy and an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI).

Image quality of whole-body diffusion MR images comparing deep-learning accelerated and conventional sequences.

Objectives: To compare the image quality of deep learning accelerated whole-body (WB) with conventional diffusion sequences.

Methods: Fifty consecutive patients with bone marrow cancer underwent WB-MRI. Two experts compared axial b900 s/mm and the corresponding maximum intensity projections (MIP) of deep resolve boost (DRB) accelerated diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences (time of acquisition: 6:42 min) against conventional sequences (time of acquisition: 14 min).

Artificial intelligence and radiologists in prostate cancer detection on MRI (PI-CAI): an international, paired, non-inferiority, confirmatory study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems can potentially aid the diagnostic pathway of prostate cancer by alleviating the increasing workload, preventing overdiagnosis, and reducing the dependence on experienced radiologists. We aimed to investigate the performance of AI systems at detecting clinically significant prostate cancer on MRI in comparison with radiologists using the Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS 2.

PI-QUAL version 2: an update of a standardised scoring system for the assessment of image quality of prostate MRI.

Multiparametric MRI is the optimal primary investigation when prostate cancer is suspected, and its ability to rule in and rule out clinically significant disease relies on high-quality anatomical and functional images. Avenues for achieving consistent high-quality acquisitions include meticulous patient preparation, scanner setup, optimised pulse sequences, personnel training, and artificial intelligence systems. The impact of these interventions on the final images needs to be quantified.

ESR Essentials: using the right scoring system in prostate MRI-practice recommendations by ESUR.

MRI has gained prominence in the diagnostic workup of prostate cancer (PCa) patients, with the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) being widely used for cancer detection. Beyond PI-RADS, other MRI-based scoring tools have emerged to address broader aspects within the PCa domain. However, the multitude of available MRI-based grading systems has led to inconsistencies in their application within clinical workflows.

Diagnostic Utility of Artificial Intelligence-assisted Transperineal Biopsy Planning in Prostate Cancer Suspected Men: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background And Objective: Accurate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reporting is essential for transperineal prostate biopsy (TPB) planning. Although approved computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tools may assist urologists in this task, evidence of improved clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to document the diagnostic utility of using Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) and CAD for biopsy planning compared with PI-RADS alone.

xploratory study of using agnetic resonance rognostic maging markers for adiotherapy n ervix cancer (EMPIRIC): a prospective cohort study protocol.

Introduction: Radical chemoradiotherapy represents the gold standard for locally advanced cervical cancer. However, despite significant progress in improving local tumour control, distant relapse continues to impact overall survival. The development of predictive and prognostic biomarkers is consequently important to risk-stratify patients and identify populations at higher risk of poorer treatment response and survival outcomes.

PRECISE Version 2: Updated Recommendations for Reporting Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients on Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer.

Background And Objective: The Prostate Cancer Radiological Estimation of Change in Sequential Evaluation (PRECISE) recommendations standardise the reporting of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer. An international consensus group recently updated these recommendations and identified the areas of uncertainty.

Methods: A panel of 38 experts used the formal RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method consensus methodology.

The Transatlantic Recommendations for Prostate Gland Evaluation with Magnetic Resonance Imaging After Focal Therapy (TARGET): A Systematic Review and International Consensus Recommendations.

Background And Objective: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect recurrences after focal therapy for prostate cancer but there is no robust guidance regarding its use. Our objective was to produce consensus recommendations on MRI acquisition, interpretation, and reporting after focal therapy.

Methods: A systematic review was performed in July 2022 to develop consensus statements.

PI-RADS Upgrading Rules: Impact on Prostate Cancer Detection and Biopsy Avoidance of MRI-Directed Diagnostic Pathways.

PI-RADS incorporates rules by which ancillary sequence findings upgrade a dominant score to a higher final category. Evidence on the upgrading rules' impact on diagnostic pathways remains scarce. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the clinical net benefit of the PI-RADS upgrading rules in MRI-directed diagnostic pathways.

Key learning on the promise and limitations of MRI in prostate cancer screening.

MRI retains its ability to reduce the harm of prostate biopsies by decreasing biopsy rates and the detection of indolent cancers in population-based screening studies aiming to find clinically significant prostate cancers. Limitations of low positive predictive values and high reader variability in diagnostic performance require optimisations in patient selection, imaging protocols, interpretation standards, diagnostic thresholds, and biopsy methods. Improvements in diagnostic accuracy could come about through emerging technologies like risk calculators and polygenic risk scores to select men for MRI.

How Imaging Advances Are Defining the Future of Precision Radiation Therapy.

Radiation therapy is fundamental in the treatment of cancer. Imaging has always played a central role in radiation oncology. Integrating imaging technology into irradiation devices has increased the precision and accuracy of dose delivery and decreased the toxic effects of the treatment.

Management of Patients With a Negative Multiparametric Prostate MRI Examination: Expert Panel Narrative Review.

Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the prostate aids risk stratification of patients with elevated PSA levels. Although most clinically significant prostate cancers are detected by mpMRI, insignificant cancers are less evident. Thus, multiple international prostate cancer guidelines now endorse routine use of prostate MRI as a secondary screening test before prostate biopsy.