Wearable sweat chloride sensors: materials, fabrication and their applications.

Chloride is a crucial anion required for multiple functions in the human body including maintaining acid-base balance, fluid balance, electrical neutrality and supporting muscles and nerve cells. Low-chloride levels can cause nausea, diarrhoea, Chloride levels are measured in different body fluids such as urine, serum, sweat and saliva. Sweat chloride measurements are used for multiple applications including disease diagnosis, sports monitoring, and geriatric care.