Chaotic Search-and-Rescue-Optimization-Based Multi-Hop Data Transmission Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks.

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have applications in several fields, such as disaster management, underwater navigation, and environment monitoring. Since the nodes in UWSNs are restricted to inbuilt batteries, the effective utilization of available energy becomes essential. Clustering and routing approaches can be employed as energy-efficient solutions for UWSNs.

MicroRNA-432-5p regulates sprouting and intussusceptive angiogenesis in osteosarcoma microenvironment by targeting PDGFB.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of bone tumor conferred with high metastatic potential. Attainable growth of tumors necessitates functional vasculature mediated by sprouting angiogenesis (SA) and intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA). However, the regulation of IA and SA is still unclear in OS.

Melatonin regulates tumor angiogenesis via miR-424-5p/VEGFA signaling pathway in osteosarcoma.

Melatonin is recognized as an anti-angiogenic agent, but its function in the tumor microenvironment especially in osteosarcoma remains uncertain. Among the selected miRNAs, miR-205, miR-424, miR-140, miR-106, and miR-519 were upregulated by melatonin in osteosarcoma cells. The functional role of miR-424-5p in osteosarcoma was further analyzed using miR-424-5p mimic/inhibitor.

Models to investigate intussusceptive angiogenesis: A special note on CRISPR/Cas9 based system in zebrafish.

Angiogenesis is a distinct process which follows sprouting angiogenesis (SA) and intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA) forming the basis for various physiological and pathological scenarios. Angiogenesis is a double edged sword exerting both desirable and discernible effects owing to the referred microenvironment. Therapeutic interventions to promote angiogenesis in regenerative medicine is essential to achieve functional syncytium of tissue constructs while, angiogenic inhibition is a key therapeutic target to suppress tumor growth.

Chitosan based thermoresponsive hydrogel containing graphene oxide for bone tissue repair.

Chitosan (CS), glycerophosphate (GP) based injectable hydrogels are explored for its implications in bone defect healing and regeneration. Both acellular and cell laden CS based hydrogels are widely investigated and improved through the inclusion of various nanoparticles, polymers and bioactive molecules. In order to improve its applicability for bone tissue repair, we developed an injectable, thermosensitive CS hydrogel containing graphene oxide (GO) and investigated its properties.

Synthesis and characterization of silibinin/phenanthroline/neocuproine copper(II) complexes for augmenting bone tissue regeneration: an in vitro analysis.

In the recent decades, flavonoid metal complexes have been widely investigated for their multifaceted role in enabling osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Silibinin complexed with copper(II) ion has been synthesized along with two mixed ligand complexes, namely copper(II) silibinin-phenanthroline and neocuproine as co-ligands, and their positive role in promoting neovacularization and osteoblast differentiation was investigated. Silibinin mono complex [Cu(sil)(HO)] and [Cu(sil)(phen)] showed similar UV-visible absorption in the region of 315 and 222 nm, whereas Cu(silibinin)(neocuproine) [Cu(sil)(neo)] showed a blueshift in the 320 nm transition.

Synthesis of Benzo[1,4]heterocycles using Palladium Catalyzed Heck Reaction to Vinylogous Carbonates/Carbamates: Unexpected Formation of Indoles via Carbopalladation Intercepted by Nucleopalladation.

An efficient protocol for the stereoselective synthesis of benzo[1,4]heterocycles via palladium catalyzed Heck reaction on o-halo-aryl-oxa/thia/aza tethered vinylogous carbonates/carbamates/esters has been developed. Unexpected formation of indoles is observed when unprotected 2-iodoaniline tethered vinylogous carbonates are subjected to the Heck reaction. Mechanistic studies indicate that formation of these indoles is an outcome of the interception of the carbopalladation step by nucleopalladation.

Ring Chromosome 9 and Chromosome 9p Deletion Syndrome in a Patient Associated with Developmental Delay: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Ring chromosomes have been described for all human chromosomes and are typically associated with physical and/or mental abnormalities resulting from a deletion of the terminal ends of both chromosome arms. This report describes the presence of a ring chromosome 9 in a 2-year-old male child associated with developmental delay. The proband manifested a severe phenotype comprising facial dysmorphism, congenital heart defects, and seizures.

Split Hand/Foot Malformation Associated with 7q21.3 Microdeletion: A Case Report.

Split hand/foot malformation (SHFM) or ectrodactyly is a rare genetic condition affecting limb development. SHFM shows clinical and genetic heterogeneity. It can present as an isolated form or in combination with additional anomalies affecting the long bones (nonsyndromic form) or other organ systems including the craniofacial, genitourinary and ectodermal structures (syndromic ectrodactyly).

Clinical, cytogenetic and molecular analysis of androgen insensitivity syndromes from south Indian cohort and detection and in-silico characterization of androgen receptor gene mutations.

Rare cases of 9 complete androgen insensitivity syndromes, 9 cases of partial androgen insensitivity syndromes and equal number of male control samples were selected for this study. Few strong variations in clinical features were noticed; Giemsa banded metaphase revealed a 46,XY karyotype and the frequency of chromosome aberrations were significantly higher when compared with control samples. DNA sequence analysis of the androgen receptor gene of androgen insensitivity syndromes revealed three missense mutations - c.

A Study on the HBV and the HCV Infections in Female Sex Workers and their Co-Infection with HIV.

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) have been shown to enhance the transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The Hepatitis B and the Hepatitis C viral infections are highly prevalent among the HIV-infected persons as a result of shared transmission routes.

Aim: To determine the seroprevalence of the HIV, Syphilis, HBV and HCV infections and their co-infection rates among Female Sex Workers (FSWs).

Sarcomatoid chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: Cytohistopathological correlation of a case.

Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinomas of the kidney are rare neoplasms constituting about 1-5% of all renal malignant neoplasms. These are aggressive tumors and are commonly associated with conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinomas, but cases associated with chromophobe renal cell carcinomas are sparse. Cytological features of such lesions have rarely been reported.

Coexistence of a mature teratoma and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in the same ovary--a case report.

A case of right sided abdominal lump with pain in a 45 years female was presented. Radiological investigation revealed a multiloculated cystic mass with a few mural nodules arising from right ovary. The tumor was removed by exploratory laparotomy and histopathological examination showed coexistence of dermoid cyst with mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in the same ovary.

Purification and characterization of rat testicular glutathione S-transferases: role in the synthesis of eicosanoids.

Aim: Purification of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) from rat testis; separation and identification of various subunits and their role in eicosanoid biosynthesis.

Methods: Purification of rat testicular GSTs by affinity chromatography, employing S-hexylglutathione-linked epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B column and separation of individual subunits by reverse phase-high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Characterization of affinity purified GSTs by Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot analysis.

Anaerobic bacteraemia: a review of 17 cases.

Of 93 blood cultures received with a suspicion of anaerobic bacteraemia over a period of two years, only 17 (18.3%) showed anaerobic growth. Twelve grew anaerobes alone while five had a polymicrobial flora.

Enhanced production of LTB4 and free radicals in rat lung by exhaustive physical exercise.

Leukotrienes formed by the action of 5-lipoxygenase on arachidonic acid are a group of endogenous compounds active in hypersensitivity reactions and inflammation. In this report the formation of LTB4 from LTA4 was measured by incubating lung microsomes from normal and exercised rats to determine whether LTB4 may have a role in the mediation of exercise-induced oxidant stress. Exhaustive exercise in the form of swimming results in the enhanced production of LTB4 in lung microsomes.

Induction of Ya1 subunit of rat hepatic glutathione S-transferases by exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Adult female rats subjected to exercise training in the form of swimming daily (for 20 min initially with gradual increase up to 90 min within a week) for 130 days showed a significant elevation of liver glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity when compared to controls. Electrophoresis and Western blot analysis of cytosolic as well as affinity-purified hepatic glutathione S-transferases revealed the induction of Ya-sized subunit in exercise-trained animals. Reverse-phase HPLC analysis of affinity-purified GSTs further revealed that Ya-sized subunits in control animals consisted of predominantly Ya2, whereas the trained animals displayed a dramatic 4.