Otological outcome in cleft lip and palate children with middle ear effusion.

Objective: To evaluate the factors contributing to middle ear pathology, hearing and speech development among cleft palate children treated for middle ear effusion.

Method: A prospective cross-sectional otoscopic and audiological analysis was conducted on 102 cleft palate children (204 ears) aged 1-18 years old who were treated for middle ear effusion at our centre. Retrospective chart review was done to determine patient characteristics and prior patient management.

An audiological evaluation of syndromic and non-syndromic craniosynostosis in pre-school going children.

Objective: To study the audiological outcome and early screening of pre-school going children with craniosynostosis under follow-up at the University of Malaya Medical Center(UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia over a 10 year period.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive cohort study on the audiological findings detected during the first hearing assessment done on a child with craniosynostosis using otoacoustic emissions, pure tone audiometry or auditory brainstem response examination. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the type and severity of hearing loss when compared between syndromic and non-sydromic craniosynostosis, and other associated contributory factors.

Congenital nasal cavity stenosis in children with craniosyntosis: A report of 4 rare cases.

Congenital bony nasal stenosis (CBNS) is a very rare but life-threatening cause of airway obstruction in neonates and infants. This review aims to assess the presentation and early airway management of 4 new cases of craniosynostosis with bilateral nasal cavity stenosis. Patients were treated with endoscopic endonasal widening of the nasal cavity and stenting.

Factors contributing to hearing impairment in patients with cleft lip/palate in Malaysia: A prospective study of 346 ears.

Objective: To determine the factors contributing towards hearing impairment in patients with cleft lip/palate.

Method: A prospective analysis was conducted on 173 patients (346 ears) with cleft lip and palate (CL/P) who presented to the combined cleft clinic at University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) over 12 months. The patients' hearing status was determined using otoacoustic emission (OAE), pure tone audiometry (PTA) and auditory brainstem response (ABR).

Combined transnasal and transoral endoscopic approach to a transsphenoidal encephalocele in an infant.

Purpose: This paper reports an unusual case of a transsphenoidal encephalocele and discusses our experience with a minimally invasive management. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first case of a combined endoscopic transnasal and transoral approach to a transsphenoidal encephalocele in an infant.

Methods: A 17-day-old boy, who was referred for further assessment of upper airway obstruction, presented with respiratory distress and feeding difficulties.

Challenges in the management of massive intraorbital and hemifacial arteriovenous malformation as causing life-threatening epistaxis.

Arteriovenous malformations are congenital lesions that may evolve with time and manifest in a plethora of presentations. They can occur as torrential epistaxis when it extensively involves the facial region. Multi-imaging modalities are available to assist in characterizing the structure of the lesion as well as its location and extent.

The impact of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment on the prevalence of allergic rhinitis.

Atopy is a syndrome characterized by immediate hypersensitivity reactions to common environmental antigens. The "hygiene hypothesis" stipulates that childhood infections are associated with a lower risk of allergies. Not much has been published about the effects that the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) has on allergies, specifically allergic rhinitis.

Children with a history of prematurity presenting with snoring and sleep-disordered breathing: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives/hypothesis: To report on the prevalence of premature (PM) birth in a consecutive series of children treated for snoring and sleep-disordered breathing (S/SDB), the parameters specific to their management and variables predictive of disease severity.

Study Design: A retrospective study was undertaken at a tertiary pediatric hospital.

Methods: Children with history of PM and presenting with S/SDB were identified from a prospectively kept surgical database.