Multiplex Gastrointestinal Panel Testing in Hospitalized Patients With Acute Diarrhea in Thailand.

Background: Multiplex gastrointestinal (GI) panel testing is widely used for outpatient diagnosis of diarrhea. However, the clinical practicality of multiplex testing in hospitalized diarrheal subjects has not yet been thoroughly elucidated.

Methods: We enrolled hospitalized subjects with acute diarrhea.

Severe Complications of Uterine Dehiscence Post-Lower Segment Cesarean Section: A Case Report Emphasizing the Importance of Timely Diagnosis and Intervention.

BACKGROUND Uterine dehiscence, an infrequent event often mistaken for uterine rupture, is rarely linked to post-cesarean section procedures and can result in severe complications, notably puerperal sepsis. In this report, we present a case that exemplifies the onset of puerperal sepsis and the emergence of intra-abdominal abscesses attributed to uterine dehiscence following a lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). CASE REPORT Our patient, a 28-year-old woman in her third pregnancy, underwent LSCS 1 week earlier.

Distinguishing clinical characteristics of central nervous system tuberculosis in immunodeficient and non-immunodeficient individuals: a 12-year retrospective study.

Background: Central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS TB) is a severe Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. It is unclear whether a patient's immune status alters the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of CNS TB.

Methods: Between January 2007-December 2018, chart reviews of CNS TB, including tuberculous meningitis (TBM), tuberculoma/abscess, and TB myelitis, were made.

A multiplex pneumonia panel for diagnosis of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia in the era of emerging antimicrobial resistance.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), including multidrug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria, is an essential consideration in the prevention and management of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). In the AMR era, the clinical utility of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel Plus (BFPP) to diagnose HAP/VAP has not been thoroughly evaluated.

Methods: We enrolled adult hospitalized patients with HAP or VAP at Siriraj Hospital and Saraburi Hospital from July 2019-October 2021.

Corrigendum: The first molecular genotyping of causing primary amebic meningoencephalitis in Thailand with epidemiology and clinical case reviews.

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The burden of carbapenem-resistant infection in a large Thai tertiary care hospital.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) are resistant to several other classes of antimicrobials, reducing treatment options and increasing mortality. We studied the clinical characteristics and burden of hospitalized adult patients with CRE infections in a setting where treatment options are limited. A retrospective cohort study included adult inpatients between January 2015-December 2019 at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

Mortality in Thai Nursing Homes Based on Antimicrobial-Resistant Carriage and COVID-19 Lockdown Timing: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Antimicrobial-resistant carriage and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown measures may impact the incidence all-cause mortality rate among nursing home residents. To determine the all-cause mortality rate in the presence/absence of antimicrobial-resistant carriage and the incidence all-cause mortality rate before and during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, this prospective closed-cohort study was conducted at various types of nursing homes in Bangkok, Thailand, from June 2020 to December 2021. The elderly residents included 142 participants (aged ≥60 years) living in nursing homes ≥3 months, who did not have terminal illnesses.

Brain abscess mimicking acute stroke syndrome caused by dual Filifactor alocis and Porphyromonas gingivalis infections: A case report.

This case report is about a woman who had a brain abscess in the left parietal lobe that atypically presented as acute stroke-like syndrome. Pus samples from brain abscess aspiration revealed the periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Filifactor alocis. After dental health care and 8 weeks of combined antimicrobial therapy, the patient recovered completely.

Fatal liver mass rupture in a common-variable-immunodeficiency patient with probable nodular regenerating hyperplasia.

Background: Nodular regenerating hyperplasia (NRH) is the most common liver involvement in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Most patients are asymptomatic with gradually increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and mildly elevated transaminase enzymes over the years. We report the first case of fatal liver mass rupture in a CVID patient with probable NRH.

Quantitative PCR to Discriminate Between Pneumonia and Colonization in HIV and Non-HIV Immunocompromised Patients.

pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic infection that commonly occurs in immunocompromised individuals. A definite diagnosis of PCP can be made only when the organism is identified in a respiratory specimen. It remains unclear whether qPCR can differentiate patients with PCP from those with colonization.

Nosocomial Fever in General Medical Wards: A Prospective Cohort Study of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes.

Purpose: Nosocomial fever (NF) is a common sign of healthcare-associated infection; however, infection is not always followed up. We studied the etiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of nosocomial fever in hospitalized patients.

Patients And Methods: Between October 2019 and December 2020, we enrolled subjects from general medical wards who developed fever ≥48 hours after hospital admission or who were admitted with fever, defervesced, and then developed a fever ≥7 days later that was unrelated to the cause for admission.

A novel droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)-a clinical performance study and survey of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim resistant mutations.

Objectives To determine the performance of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assays in diagnosing Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), and to survey the sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMX-TMP) resistant mutations in our PCP cohort. Methods A prospective study was conducted from January 2017 to June 2018. Adult immunocompromised subjects with pneumonia were enrolled.

Understanding the Potential Impact of Different Drug Properties on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Transmission and Disease Burden: A Modelling Analysis.

Background: The public health impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has motivated a rapid search for potential therapeutics, with some key successes. However, the potential impact of different treatments, and consequently research and procurement priorities, have not been clear.

Methods: Using a mathematical model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, COVID-19 disease and clinical care, we explore the public-health impact of different potential therapeutics, under a range of scenarios varying healthcare capacity, epidemic trajectories; and drug efficacy in the absence of supportive care.

Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with COVID-19 at Thailand's university-based referral hospital.

Background: The epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Thailand are scarce.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adult hospitalized patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at Siriraj Hospital during February 2020 to April 2020.

Results: The prevalence of COVID-19 was 7.

Infections: Clinical Characteristics and Factors Associated with Mortality of Hospitalized Patients.

Purpose: To study the clinical characteristics and factors associated with mortality of patients who had infections.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study to determine the clinical characteristics and factors associated with mortality for infections among hospitalized adult patients at Siriraj Hospital. The clinical and microbiological data were collected from medical records December 2013-December 2016.

A case report of Talaromyces marneffei Oro-pharyngo-laryngitis: a rare manifestation of Talaromycosis.

Background: The incidence of Taralomyces marneffei infection in HIV-infected individuals has been decreasing, whereas its rate is rising among non-HIV immunodeficient persons, particularly patients with anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies. T. marneffei usually causes invasive and disseminated infections, including fungemia.

vertebral osteomyelitis with spinal epidural abscess in an immunocompetent woman: Case report and literature review.

is a rare cause of vertebral osteomyelitis. We report a case of thoracic vertebral osteomyelitis with spinal epidural abscess in a patient without apparent immunodeficiency. Clinical manifestations and radiographic findings could not distinguish from other etiologic agents.

Undiagnosed Cryptococcus gattii meningitis leading to subsequent ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in a patient with symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus: case report and literature review.

Background: Cryptococcus gattii is known to be an etiologic agent of human cryptococcosis, particularly in immunocompetent persons. C. gattii infection usually involves the central nervous system, the respiratory tract, or may be disseminated.

Epidemiology and risk factors of extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Background: The incidence of nosocomial infections from extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDR-PA) has been increasing worldwide. We investigated the prevalence and factors associated with XDR-PA infections, including the factors that predict mortality.

Methods: We retrospectively studied a cohort of adult, hospitalized patients with P.

Rapidly-growing mycobacterial infection: a recognized cause of early-onset prosthetic joint infection.

Background: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a major complication of total hip and total knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA). Although mycobacteria are rarely the causative pathogens, it is important to recognize and treat them differently from non-mycobacterial infections. This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics, associated factors and long-term outcomes of mycobacterial and non-mycobacterial PJI.

Efficacy and safety of de-escalation therapy to ertapenem for treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: an open-label randomized controlled trial.

Background: Carbapenem antibiotics are considered the treatment of choice for serious extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) infections. The study objectives were to evaluate efficacy and safety of de-escalation therapy to ertapenem for treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial of adult patients with documented ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections who had received any group 2 carbapenem for less than 96 h.

PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS AT SIRIRAJ HOSPITAL, BANGKOK, THAILAND.

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. We conducted a retrospective unmatched case-control study of patients clinically diagnosed and microbiologically confirmed to have tuber- culosis (TB) at Siriraj Hospital from 2010 to 2012. Patient characteristics, clinical data, microbiological findings, outcomes and drug susceptibilities were recorded.

Performance of the Cryptococcal Antigen Lateral Flow Assay in Non-HIV-Related Cryptococcosis.

The cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay (CrAg LFA) was evaluated for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis in HIV-negative patients. The sensitivity was excellent, suggesting that this assay can replace conventional testing based on latex agglutination (LA). CrAg LFA and LA titers were correlated but were not directly comparable, with implications for conversion between assays.

Extracorporeal clearance of colistin methanesulphonate and formed colistin in end-stage renal disease patients receiving intermittent haemodialysis: implications for dosing.

Objectives: Colistin, administered intravenously as its inactive prodrug colistin methanesulphonate (CMS), is being increasingly used. However, there is very limited information available on the impact of haemodialysis (HD) on the pharmacokinetics of CMS and formed colistin.

Patients And Methods: A single 30 min intravenous dose of CMS (150 mg of colistin base activity) was administered to 10 patients undergoing HD.