Osteocytes and Primary Cilia.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to provide a background on osteocytes and the primary cilium, discussing the role it plays in osteocyte mechanosensing.

Recent Findings: Osteocytes are thought to be the primary mechanosensing cells in bone tissue, regulating bone adaptation in response to exercise, with the primary cilium suggested to be a key mechanosensing mechanism in bone. More recent work has suggested that, rather than being direct mechanosensors themselves, primary cilia in bone may instead form a key chemo-signalling nexus for processing mechanoregulated signalling pathways.

Beneficial Effects of a Blended Fibroin/Aloe Gel Extract Film on the Biomolecular Mechanism(s) the MAPK/ERK Pathway Relating to Diabetic Wound Healing.

In diabetic patients, the process of wound healing is usually delayed or impaired. A diabetic environment could be associated with dermal fibroblast dysfunction, reduced angiogenesis, the release of excessive proinflammatory cytokines, and senescence features. Alternative therapeutic treatments using natural products are highly demanded for their high potential of bioactive activity in skin repair.

Evaluation of the safety and healing potential of a fibroin-aloe gel film for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a wound dressing prepared from the blending of silkworm fibroin and aloe gel extract for use in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

Methods: Fibroin extracted from silkworm cocoons and aloe gel extract were dissolved in deionised water. pH levels were then adjusted with lactic acid solution.

Primary cilia respond to fluid shear stress and mediate flow-induced calcium deposition in osteoblasts.

Bone turnover in vivo is regulated by mechanical forces such as shear stress originating from interstitial oscillatory fluid flow (OFF), and bone cells in vitro respond to mechanical loading. However, the mechanisms by which bone cells sense mechanical forces, resulting in increased mineral deposition, are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the primary cilium in mechanosensing by osteoblasts.

Effects of the blended fibroin/aloe gel film on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Delayed healing remains a major clinical problem and here we have sought to develop an improved dressing film comprising 1.95% w/v fibroin and 0.05% w/v aloe gel extract.