A Comparative Evaluation of Adherence of Microorganism to Different Types of Brackets: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the adherence of microorganism to different types of brackets using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). A double-blinded study was undertaken to evaluate and adherence of microorganisms to different types of brackets using SEM.

Materials And Methods: At random, 12 patients reporting for treatment to the department of Orthodontics VS Dental College and Hospital were selected.

Treatment guidelines and prognosis of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome patients: a review.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an "unmasking" or paradoxical worsening of a pre-existing infection after commencement of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - infected patients. The use of HAART in the management of HIV patients restores immune responses against pathogens however in few patients, the reconstituted immune system leads to IRIS. As the treatment protocols are not standardized for IRIS, this leads to short-term morbidity or in some cases also mortality.