Genitourinary Fistula: An Indian Perspective.

Background: In developing countries, obstetric trauma is the most common cause of genitourinary fistulae. But over the last two decades, health care facilities have been improved and the scenario has been changed.

Purpose: The aim of the present study is to share our experience with genitourinary fistula in terms of mode of presentation, diagnostic modality, and management with the emphasis on the surgical approach and a parallel review of the available literature.

Penile Fracture: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Purpose: Penile fracture is rare, but it is a urological emergency that always requires immediate attention. Moreover, penile fracture has been reported more frequently in recent years. It may have devastating physical, functional, and psychological consequences if not properly managed in time.

Penile lichen sclerosus: An urologist's nightmare! - A single center experience.

Purpose: Penile lichen sclerosus (LS) is a nagging condition and its progression result in devastating urinary and sexual problems and reduction in the quality-of-life. This study has been carried out to present our experience about this disease with simultaneous review of the available literature.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study has been done at a tertiary care center of eastern India.

Retained fragmented double J ureteric stent: A report of four cases with review of the literature.

Polyurethane double-J ureteral stents are widely used in the field of urology. Postoperatively, patient education about the ureteral stent and making sure it is removed at the prescribed time is an utmost necessity. Forgotten ureteral stent is not only disastrous for the patient but also fraught with serious medico-legal implications for the urologist.

Polymorphisms in CaSR and CLDN14 Genes Associated with Increased Risk of Kidney Stone Disease in Patients from the Eastern Part of India.

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a major clinical problem imposing a large burden for both healthcare and economy globally. In India, the prevalence of kidney stone disease is rapidly increasing. This study aimed to evaluate the association between genetic defects in vitamin D receptor (VDR), calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) and claudin 14 (CLDN14) genes and kidney stone disease in patients from eastern India.

Meatotomy using topical anesthesia: A painless option.

Aim: Urethral meatotomy is an office procedure often done under local anesthesia with or without penile block or under short general anesthesia. Whatever may be the method, the patient has to bear the pain of injection. To avoid painful injections, in the present study, topical anesthesia in the form of eutectic mixture of prilocaine and lidocaine anesthetics (EMLA/Prilox) has been used to perform such procedures and its effectiveness determined.

Evaluation of silodosin in comparison to tamsulosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms in elderly men. Selective alfa1-adrenergic antagonists are now first-line drugs in the medical management of BPH. We conducted a single-blind, parallel group, randomized, controlled trial to compare the effectiveness and safety of the new alfa1-blocker silodosin versus the established drug tamsulosin in symptomatic BPH.

A study to correlate histopathology, biochemical marker and immunohistochemical expression of sex-steroid receptors in prostatic growth.

Prostate gland is a fibromusculoglandular structure situated at the neck of urinary bladder. So, enlargement or growth of prostate due to nodular hyperplasia (NHP) or prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) or adenocarcinoma may give rise to bladder outlet obstruction. Malignant growth i.

Development of VVF following double J stent placement.

Double J stent (DJ stent) is commonly used in various urological conditions. Theoretically stent-induced tissue erosion can be a possibility, but fistula formation is rarely reported. The present case was a case of genitourinary tuberculosis diagnosed 4 years ago and had received complete treatment.

Foreign bodies in lower urinary tract: case report and review of literature.

Foreign bodies in lower urinary tract may present in a different number of ways. We report four cases of such unusual presentation. Physical examination and plain radiograph was sufficient enough to confirm our diagnosis in all cases.

Prostatic utricle cyst: a clinical dilemma.

Prostatic utricle cyst is a rare midline cystic lesion between the urinary bladder and the rectum, commonly associated with hypospadias. Along with its rarity, it presents a challenge in its diagnosis and proper management. We report a case of large prostatic utricle cyst that was managed conservatively.

Extragenitourinary retroperitoneal primary hydatid cyst: a rare cause of bilateral lower ureteric obstruction and unilateral limb edema.

Hydatid cyst is an endemic disease in our country. Most commonly, it occurs in the liver and lungs. Bilateral hydroureteronephrosis is one of the rare presentations of hydatid disease.

Synchronous primary cancers of urinary bladder and kidney and prostate.

Synchronous occurrence of two or more than two primary cancers of the urinary tract is quite rare, and poses a difficult treatment challenge. Here, we present a case of synchronous renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder and adenocarcinoma of prostate diagnosed within a short period. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported from India and the youngest patient reported in the literature having this combination of urinary cancers.

Study of immunohistochemistry in prostatic lesions with special reference to proliferation and invasiveness.

Prostatic lesions on routine staining sometimes cause diagnostic dilemma especially in premalignant lesions like atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Benign small acinar lesions also may be difficult to differentiate from small acinar adenocarcinoma. An important differentiating point is the loss of basal cell layer in adenocarcinoma and its presence in benign lesions.

Squamous cell carcinoma in exstrophic unreconstructed urinary bladder in an adult.

Bladder exstrophy is rare and associated with an increased incidence of bladder cancer. Unreconstructed bladder extrophy presenting in an adult is very rare as most of the patients undergo repair in childhood. Most of the cancers are adenocarcinomas.

Plasmacytoma of the kidney.

Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare malignant neoplasm typically arising outside the bone marrow of patients who show no clinical evidence of multiple myeloma. Kidney is a rare site for plasmacytoma. We present here a case of primary renal plasmacytoma confirmed on histopathology of the specimen and immuno-histochemistry studies.

Virilising adrenocortical carcinoma.

A 16-year-old, Hindu, female presented with rapidly growing abdominal lump for 6 months, primary amenorrhoea and non-development of secondary sex characters. Her BP was 180/120 mmHg. There was an excessive hirsutism involving face, neck, shoulders, abdomen and thighs.