Disparities in the Inclusion of Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups and Older Adults in Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials: A Meta-analysis.

Importance: Prostate cancer (PCa) is marked by disparities in clinical outcomes by race, ethnicity, and age. Equitable enrollment in clinical trials is fundamental to promoting health equity.

Objective: To evaluate disparities in the inclusion of racial and ethnic minority groups and older adults across PCa clinical trials.

Adjuvant Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Concluded Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Multiple large clinical trials have investigated adjuvant tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and progression to metastasis in high-risk renal cell carcinoma. We sought to maintain living and interactive evidence on this topic, until a high level of certainty is reached for key clinical outcomes such that further updates become unnecessary and unlikely to change clinical practice.

Methods: We created a living interactive evidence synthesis platform to maintain a continuously updated meta-analysis on TKI monotherapy in adjuvant renal cell carcinoma.

Cardiac Dysrhythmias Associated With Substitutive Use of Loperamide: A Systematic Review.

Background: Recently, several deaths secondary to cardiac arrhythmias have been reported in association with substitutive use of loperamide. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of all reported cases to overview the epidemiologic patterns and clinical outcomes to better elucidate loperamide-induced cardiac complications.

Areas Of Uncertainty: Association between substitutive use of loperamide and cardiac arrhythmias.

Polyamines detoxify the anticoagulant effect of acetaldehyde on prothrombin time.

Naturally occurring bioamines, such as putrescine, cadaverine, agmatine, spermidine, and spermine, were tested at pharmacological levels for their capacity to affect prothrombin time (PT). Each of the bioamines tested prolonged PT with decreasing orders of sensitivity being agmatine > spermidine > spermine > putrescine > cadaverine. The respective millimolar concentrations, which exhibited prolongation in statistically significant concentrations were 1, 3, 3, 6, and 10 mM, respectively.

Human platelets efficiently kill IgG-opsonized E. coli.

Platelets are known contributors of hemostasis but have recently been shown to be important in inflammation and infectious diseases. Moreover, thrombocytopenia is often observed in patients with sepsis. We previously reported that platelets actively phagocytosed IgG-coated latex beads.