High-resolution multimodal profiling of human epileptic brain activity via explanted depth electrodes.

The availability and integration of electrophysiological and molecular data from the living brain is critical to understand and diagnose complex human disease. Intracranial stereo electroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes used for identifying the seizure focus on epilepsy patients could enable the integration of such multimodal data. Here, we report MoPEDE (Multimodal Profiling of Epileptic Brain Activity via Explanted Depth Electrodes), a method that recovers extensive protein-coding transcripts, including cell-type markers, DNA methylation and short variant profiles from explanted SEEG electrodes matched with electrophysiological and radiological data allowing for high-resolution reconstructions of brain structure and function.

Treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent through combined aerobic and anaerobic suspended fixed-bed bioreactor.

This study explored using ultrafiltration (UF) membranes to treat pulp and paper mill wastewater, implementing a novel Taguchi experimental design to optimize operating conditions for pollutant removal and minimal membrane fouling. Researchers examined four factors: pH, temperature, transmembrane pressure, and volume reduction factor (VRF), each at three levels. Optimal conditions (pH 10, 25°C, 6 bar, VRF 3) led to a 35% reduction in flux due to fouling and high pollutant rejections: total hardness (83%), sulfate (97%), spectral absorption coefficient (SAC254) (95%), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (89%).

Integrated transcriptome, proteome and metabolome analyses revealed secondary metabolites and auxiliary carbohydrate metabolism augmenting drought tolerance in rice.

Drought is one of the major consequences of climate change and a serious threat to rice production. Drought stress activates interactions among genes, proteins and metabolites at the molecular level. A comparative multi-omics analysis of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive rice cultivars can decipher the molecular mechanisms involved in drought tolerance/response.

Genome-wide discovery of genetic variations between rice cultivars with contrasting drought stress response and their potential functional relevance.

Drought stress is a serious threat to rice productivity. Investigating genetic variations between drought-tolerant (DT) and drought-sensitive (DS) rice cultivars may decipher the candidate genes/regulatory regions involved in drought stress tolerance/response. In this study, whole-genome resequencing data of four DS and five DT rice cultivars were analyzed.

Numerical groundwater modelling for studying surface water-groundwater interaction and impact of reduced draft on groundwater resources in central Ganga basin.

Water resources in India's Indo-Gangetic plains are over-exploited and vulnerable to impacts of climate change. The unequal spatial and temporal variation of meteorological, hydrological and hydrogeological parameters has created additional challenges for field engineers and policy planners. The groundwater and surface water are extensively utilized in the middle Gangetic plain for agriculture.

Species-specific function of conserved regulators in orchestrating rice root architecture.

Shoot-borne adventitious/crown roots form a highly derived fibrous root system in grasses. The molecular mechanisms controlling their development remain largely unknown. Here, we provide a genome-wide landscape of transcriptional signatures - tightly regulated auxin response and in-depth spatio-temporal expression patterns of potential epigenetic modifiers - and transcription factors during priming and outgrowth of rice (Oryza sativa) crown root primordia.

Phylogenomic Analysis of R2R3 MYB Transcription Factors in Sorghum and their Role in Conditioning Biofuel Syndrome.

Background: Large scale cultivation of sorghum for food, feed, and biofuel requires concerted efforts for engineering multipurpose cultivars with optimised agronomic traits. Due to their vital role in regulating the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, biomass composition, biotic, and abiotic stress response, R2R3-MYB family transcription factors are ideal targets for improving environmental resilience and economic value of sorghum.

Methods: We used diverse computational biology tools to survey the sorghum genome to identify R2R3-MYB transcription factors followed by their structural and phylogenomic analysis.

Machine Learning-Based Annotation of Long Noncoding RNAs Using PLncPRO.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with transcript length more than 200 nucleotides. Although poorly conserved, lncRNAs are expressed across diverse species, including plants and animals, and are known to be involved in regulation of various biological processes. To understand their biological significance, we first need to identify the lncRNAs accurately.

Genome-Wide Transcript Profiling Reveals an Auxin-Responsive Transcription Factor, OsAP2/ERF-40, Promoting Rice Adventitious Root Development.

Unlike dicots, the robust root system in grass species largely originates from stem base during postembryonic development. The mechanisms by which plant hormone signaling pathways control the architecture of adventitious root remain largely unknown. Here, we studied the modulations in global genes activity in developing rice adventitious root by genome-wide RNA sequencing in response to external auxin and cytokinin signaling cues.

Saccharothrix sp. TD-093 from the Thar Desert, India: Metabolite Fingerprinting of Antimicrobial Compounds and in silico Analysis.

During a screening program for actinomycetes from underexplored and arid Thar Desert (India), TD-093 was isolated. The isolate was characterized based on 16S rDNA sequencing. Aqueous and organic solvent extracts of culture supernatant were investigated for antimicrobial activity.