Surface-guided radiotherapy systems in locoregional deep inspiration breath hold radiotherapy for breast cancer - a multicenter study on the setup accuracy.

Background: Daily image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) and deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) technique are recommended for locoregional RT of breast cancer. The optimal workflow for a combination of surface-guided RT (SGRT) with DIBH technique is of current clinical interest.

Materials And Methods: The setup accuracy at three hospitals was evaluated using different SGRT workflows.

Patient setup accuracy in DIBH radiotherapy of breast cancer with lymph node inclusion using surface tracking and image guidance.

Studying setup accuracy in breast cancer patients with axillary lymph node inclusion in deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) after patient setup with surface-guided radiotherapy (SGRT) and image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT). Breast cancer patients (N = 51) were treated (50 Gy in 25 fractions) with axillary lymph nodes within the planning target volume (PTV). Patient setup was initiated with tattoos and lasers, and further adjusted with SGRT.

A tube-source X-ray microtomography approach for quantitative 3D microscopy of optically challenging cell-cultured samples.

Development and study of cell-cultured constructs, such as tissue-engineering scaffolds or organ-on-a-chip platforms require a comprehensive, representative view on the cells inside the used materials. However, common characteristics of biomedical materials, for example, in porous, fibrous, rough-surfaced, and composite materials, can severely disturb low-energy imaging. In order to image and quantify cell structures in optically challenging samples, we combined labeling, 3D X-ray imaging, and in silico processing into a methodological pipeline.

Gas-foamed poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) with bioactive glass fibres demonstrate insufficient bone repair in lapine osteochondral defects.

Deep osteochondral defects may leave voids in the subchondral bone, increasing the risk of joint structure collapse. To ensure a stable foundation for the cartilage repair, bone grafts can be used for filling these defects. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is a biodegradable material that improves bone healing and supports bone matrix deposition.

X-ray microtomography of collagen and polylactide scaffolds in liquids.

Methods to image and assess the microstructure of polymer based biomaterials in liquid phase, for example cell culture medium, are well warranted. X-ray microtomography could provide a mean to visualize and analyze such structures. However, the density of such polymers is close to that of water and hence the X-ray contrast is poor.

X-ray microtomographic confirmation of the reliability of CBCT in identifying the scalar location of cochlear implant electrode after round window insertion.

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) plays a key role in cochlear implantation in both planning implantation before surgery and quality control during surgery due to the high spatial resolution and convenience of application in the operation theater. We recently designed a novel, highresolution cone-beam acquisition system that has been tested in temporal bones with cochlear implantation to identify the scalar localization of the electrode arrays. The current study aimed to verify the reliability of the experimental CBCT set-up using high-resolution in vitro X-ray microtomography (μCT) imaging as a reference.

Micro CT visualization of silver nanoparticles in the middle and inner ear of rat and transportation pathway after transtympanic injection.

Background: Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) displayed strong activities in anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-fungal studies and were reportedly efficient in treating otitis media. Information on distribution of AgNPs in different compartments of the ear is lacking.

Objective: To detect distribution of Ag NPs in the middle and inner ear and transportation pathways after transtympanic injection.

New insights to the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in bone phenotype and in dioxin-induced modulation of bone microarchitecture and material properties.

Bone is a target for high affinity aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands, such as dioxins. Although bone morphology, mineral density and strength are sensitive endpoints of dioxin toxicity, less is known about effects on bone microarchitecture and material properties. This study characterizes TCDD-induced modulations of bone tissue, and the role of AHR in dioxin-induced bone toxicity and for normal bone phenotype.

Delayed Computed Tomography Arthrography of Human Knee Cartilage In Vivo.

Objective: We investigated the feasibility of delayed computed tomography (CT) arthrography for evaluation of human knee cartilage in vivo. Especially, the diffusion of contrast agent out of the joint space and the optimal time points for imaging were determined.

Design: Two patients were imaged using delayed CT arthrography and delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) techniques.

Reproducibility and agreement of micro-CT and histomorphometry in human trabecular bone with different metabolic status.

The use of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to study bone microstructure is continuously increasing. Thus, it is important to ensure that micro-CT can differentiate healthy and pathological bone. This study aimed to determine whether the reproducibility of bone histomorphometry and micro-CT, and agreement between the techniques, vary in bone samples with different metabolic status.