In Vitro Anticancer Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extract from L. ssp. .

Despite significant efforts, cancer remains the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. The medicinal plant L. represents a valuable source of biologically active compounds with pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral.

Molecular mechanisms of the anticancer action of fustin isolated from Scop. in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cell line.

The aim of the present work was to investigate some of the molecular mechanisms and targets of the anticancer action of the bioflavonoid fustin isolated from the heartwood of Scop. in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. For this purpose, we applied fluorescence microscopy analysis to evaluate apoptosis, necrosis, and mitochondrial integrity, wound healing assay to study fustin antimigratory potential and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to analyze the expression of genes associated with cell cycle control, programmed cell death, metastasis, and epigenetic alterations.

Rare Pathogenic Variants in Pooled Whole-Exome Sequencing Data Suggest Hyperammonemia as a Possible Cause of Dementia Not Classified as Alzheimer's Disease or Frontotemporal Dementia.

The genetic bases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have been comprehensively studied, which is not the case for atypical cases not classified into these diagnoses. In the present study, we aim to contribute to the molecular understanding of the development of non-AD and non-FTD dementia due to hyperammonemia caused by mutations in urea cycle genes. The analysis was performed by pooled whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 90 patients and by searching for rare pathogenic variants in autosomal genes for enzymes or transporters of the urea cycle pathway.

Newly Synthesized Lignin Microparticles as Bioinspired Oral Drug-Delivery Vehicles: Flavonoid-Carrier Potential and In Vitro Radical-Scavenging Activity.

The aim of the present study was to synthesize lignin microparticles, to evaluate their physicochemical, spectral, morphological and structural characteristics, to examine their encapsulation and in vitro release potential and behaviour towards the flavonoid morin in simulated physiological medium and to assess the in vitro radical-scavenging potential of the morin-loaded lignin microcarrier systems. The physicochemical, structural and morphological characteristics of alkali lignin, lignin particles (LP) and morin-encapsulated lignin microparticles (LMP) were determined based on particle size distribution, SEM, UV/Vis spectrophotometric, FTIR and potentiometric titration analyses. The encapsulation efficiency of LMP was 98.

Redox-mediated Anticancer Activity of Anti-parasitic Drug Fenbendazole in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: An increasing number of studies are reporting anticancer activity of widely used antiparasitic drugs and particularly benzimidazoles. Fenbendazole is considered safe and tolerable in most animal species at the effective doses as an anthelmintic. Little is known about the redox-modulating properties of fenbendazole and the molecular mechanisms of its antiproliferative effects.

Characterization and potential antitumor effect of a heteropolysaccharide produced by the red alga .

Taking into account the rising trend of the incidence of cancers of various organs, effective therapies are urgently needed to control human malignancies. However, almost all chemotherapy drugs currently on the market cause serious side effects. Fortunately, several studies have shown that some non-toxic biological macromolecules, including algal polysaccharides, possess anti-cancer activities or can increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs.

Antiviral, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Effects of L. Crude Extract In Vitro.

Introduction: Due to the high prevalence of viral infections having no specific treatment and the constant emergence of resistant viral strains, searching for effective antiviral compounds is crucial. The present study explores in vitro the antiviral activity of ethanolic extract from aerial parts of.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate antiviral activity of ethanolic extract from herbaceous plant.

Bacterial Natural Disaccharide (Trehalose Tetraester): Molecular Modeling and in Vitro Study of Anticancer Activity on Breast Cancer Cells.

Isolation and characterization of new biologically active substances affecting cancer cells is an important issue of fundamental research in biomedicine. Trehalose lipid was isolated from strain and purified by liquid chromatography. The effect of trehalose lipid on cell viability and migration, together with colony forming assays, were performed on two breast cancer (MCF7-low metastatic; MDA-MB231-high metastatic) and one "normal" (MCF10A) cell lines.

Next-generation sequencing of and in breast cancer patients and control subjects.

Breast cancer is currently the most common type of cancer in females. The majority of the hereditary forms of breast cancer are caused by mutations in the and genes, whose main function is the DNA repair of double-strand breaks. Genetic testing of females with a family history of breast cancer is recommended to determine their hereditary predisposition for this type of cancer.

Breast cancer patients with hypermethylation in the promoter of BRCA1 gene exhibit favorable clinical status.

Promoter hypermethylation was shown to be involved in human cancerogenesis through silencing gene expression. Several studies were dedicated to explore the frequency and clinical significance of BRCA1 hypermethylation in sporadic breast cancer to identify a specific molecular and clinico-pathological phenotype. However the available data are limited and rather too heterogeneous.

[The toxicological characteristics of ammonium glycyrrhizinate (glycyram). A study of its acute and subacute toxicity].

A single parenteral and oral administration of ammonium glycyrrhizinate in rat and mice experiments showed that the compound is related to practically nontoxic drugs. Its repeated administration (30 times) into the stomach in a maximum daily therapeutic dose (7 mg/kg) and in a four-fold dose (28 mg/kg) did not cause signs of intoxication, essential changes in the hematological and integral parameters, shifts in the activity of serum enzymes, morphological changes in the cell structures of the internal organs. Administration of the drug in a dose of 28 mg/kg for a second time led to changes in the activity of some enzymes in the brain, the development of parenchymatous dystrophy of the liver which changed to acidophilic necrosis attended with signs of regeneration.

[The toxicological characteristics of Gastrofenzin. III. Its chronic oral toxicity].

A risk evaluation has been carried out under conditions of chronic three-month experiment in oral application of Gastrofenzin in doses 1/20, 1/100 and 1/200 LD50 for male and female white rats, respectively 33.2 and 43.8; 6.

[The toxicological characteristics of Gastrofenzin. II. Its subacute oral toxicity].

The subacute (30 day) oral toxicity of Gastrofenzin has been investigated in white rats "Wistar" of both sexes, treated with 0.7 and 33 mg.kg-1 for the male and 0.

[The toxicological characteristics of Gastrofenzin. I. Its acute toxicity (oral, subcutaneous and intravenous)].

The acute toxicity of the antiulcer drug "Gastrofenzin", synthesized in Bulgaria has been studied in oral, subcutaneous and intravenous application in white rats "Wistar" and white mice "ICR". The main toxicometric parameters (LD50, LD16, LD84 and others) have been determined. The clinical picture of intoxication is characterized mainly by symptoms deriving from in the central and vegetative nerve system.

[The toxicological characteristics of Gastrofenzin. IV. Its gonadotropic action].

An evaluation of the gonadotropic effect of Gastrofenzin has been carried out in conditions of 45-day and 90-day oral application (daily, 5 times per week) in male white rats. The experiments are performed in doses 1/20, 1/100 and 1/200 LD50, respectively 33.8, 6.

[The cytogenetic effects (the frequency of micronuclei) in lymphocyte cultures from the peripheral blood of workers in automobile tire manufacture].

At the Preparatory Workshop of the Plant for Automobile Tires (PAT), Sofia, complex investigations were undertaken to reveal possible genotoxic exposure. The studies included chemical analyses for levels of identifiable human carcinogens in the occupational ambient air (benz(a)pyrene, mineral oils, 2-naphthylamine); special techniques--questionnaire investigations and cytogenetic analysis by cytokinesis-block micronucleus method in peripheral lymphocyte cultures from 23 workers in occupational groups at risk; and urinalysis for contents of mercapturic acids. An out-of-house control group of 13 nonexposed subjects was concurrently investigated.

[The toxic hygiene problems of workers in the Dinamik automobile tire plant in Sofia].

Toxic hygienic investigations were carried out involving a representative group of 131 workers (50 females and 81 males) distributed into three main workshops--preparatory, confection, and vulcanization--at "Dynamic" automobile tire plant in Sofia. The majority of male and female workers were in the age range beyond 40 years, having a general occupational experience in excess of 10 years and specialized occupational experience from 10 to 20 years or more. The chemical hazard was among the leading ones in the occupational environment, differing in nature according to the technologies used.

[The assessment of the occupational risk to workers in electric steel production].

These studies, centering on occupational environmental factors, biologic monitoring, and toxicodynamic investigations, involved a total of 105 workers distributed into eight job groups, who were 45 years, of age on the average and had from 5 to 10 years of special occupational experience at "Electrosteel" Works. Evidence was obtained for presence of unfavorable microclimate conditions, elevated equivalent levels of noise, excess of general and local vibrations, exposure to manganese aerosols, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides; some of the subjects and deviations in hepatic status and connective tissue. Job groups found to be at risk were those of steel founders, crane workers, and pourers.

[A comparative evaluation of the toxic and cumulative properties of the Takal drug group].

The acute oral and dermal toxicity was studied as well as subacute oral toxicity [30 successive days] and skin irritating effect on experimental animals of new drug form "Takal 9", "Takal 14" and "Takal 16" with proved bactericidal and virucidal activity. A complex of toxicometric, unspecific, haematological, biochemical and histological studies were performed. The compositions "Takal 9", "Takal 14" and "Takal 16" are slightly toxic at oral and dermal application.

[An evaluation of the biological action of carbon disulfide in clinico-laboratory studies of exposed workers].

A representative group of 122 workers from shop "Predilen" with 7 to 15 years length of service in specialty is taken. The professional groups are formed on the basis of measured average-shift concentrations of carbon bisulphide in the air of the working place, which vary from 4 to 50 mg.m-3.

Experimental study of subacute oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity of bulmoscide preparation.

The purpose of this study is to give the toxicological characteristics of subacute oral, dermal and inhalation exposure of microbial preparation Bulmoscide, which is based on bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, serotype H-14. The study was performed on sexually mature Wistar rats of both sexes. No significant changes in non-specific, clinico-laboratory and biochemical parameters as well as morphological examinations in any tested groups compared to the control groups were revealed.

[The acute toxicity of a bacterial insecticidal preparation containing a beta-exotoxin].

The acute toxicity of a new Bulgarian bioinsecticide preparation is determined, produced on the basis of Bacillus thuringiensis containing 0.1% beta-exotoxin by oral, dermal, inhalational and intraperitoneal introduction in experimental animals. The evaluation of the toxicity is performed by a complex of toxicometric, integral, haematologic and pathologicoanatomic methods according to the WHO and USA criteria for studying the safety of the microbic agents for plant protection.

Urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

The organic bone matrix contains glycosaminoglycans (GAG) of which the precise function and importance in bone mineralisation are still unclear. We examined 85 persons--35 healthy women (25 premenopausal [preMP] mean aged 40.7 years; 10 menopausal [MP] mean aged 59.

[An experimental evaluation of the acute and chronic oral toxicity of the antibiotic Bactericin for plant protection].

In relation to the future implementation of the antibiotic bactericin in agriculture are carried out acute, subacute and chronic oral experiments on 128 male white rats and 88 female. In order to determine the parameters of acute oral toxicity, doses (200, 120, 80, 60, 50, 40 mg/kg) of the preparation dissolved in polyethylene glycol are applied. In the subacute--1/10 and 1/20 LD50, and in the chronic (four months)--1/50 and 1/100 LD50.