Publications by authors named "Antony V Zaknic"
Objective: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) have additive insulinotropic effects when coadministered in health. We aimed to determine whether GIP confers additional glucose lowering to that of GLP-1 in the critically ill.
Research Design And Methods: Twenty mechanically ventilated critically ill patients without known diabetes were studied in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover fashion on 2 consecutive days.
Introduction: Studies in the critically ill that evaluate intragastric and post-pyloric delivery of nutrient have yielded conflicting data. A limitation of these studies is that the influence in the route of feeding on glucose absorption and glycaemia has not been determined.
Methods: In 68 mechanically ventilated critically ill patients, liquid nutrient (100 ml; 1 kcal/ml containing 3 g of 3-O-Methyl-D-glucopyranose (3-OMG), as a marker of glucose absorption), was infused into either the stomach (n = 24) or small intestine (n = 44) over six minutes.
Background: The gastrokinetic drug erythromycin is commonly administered to critically ill patients during intragastric feeding to augment small intestinal nutrient delivery. However, erythromycin has been reported to increase the prevalence of diarrhea, which may reflect reduced absorption and/or accelerated small intestinal transit.
Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effects of intravenous erythromycin on small intestinal nutrient absorption and transit in the critically ill.
Objectives: Although enteral nutrition is standard care for critically ill patients, nutrient absorption has not been quantified in this group and may be impaired due to intestinal dysmotility. The objectives of this study were to measure small intestinal glucose absorption and duodenocecal transit and determine their relationship with glycemia in the critically ill.
Design: Prospective observational study of healthy and critically ill subjects.
Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) attenuates the glycaemic response to small intestinal nutrient infusion in stress-induced hyperglycaemia and reduces fasting glucose concentrations in critically ill patients with type-2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of acute administration of GLP-1 on the glycaemic response to small intestinal nutrient infusion in critically ill patients with pre-existing type-2 diabetes.
Methods: Eleven critically ill mechanically-ventilated patients with known type-2 diabetes received intravenous infusions of GLP-1 (1.
Background And Aims: Isotope breath tests are increasingly used to evaluate the effects of prokinetic drugs on gastric emptying. The aim was to assess intrasubject variability in gastric emptying, when using an isotope breath test in the critically ill.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of data was undertaken in 12 patients who had gastric emptying measurements on consecutive days using a (13)C-octanoic acid breath test.
Objective: To determine the acute effects of exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 on gastric emptying, glucose absorption, glycemia, plasma insulin, and glucagon in critically ill patients.
Design: Randomized, double-blind, crossover study.
Setting: Intensive care unit.