Characterisation and risk assessment of venous thromboembolism in gastrointestinal cancers.

Aim: To characterise venous thromboembolism (VTE) in gastrointestinal cancer and assess the clinical utility of risk stratification scoring.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis using electronic patient records of 910 gastro-oesophageal (GO) cancer and 1299 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients referred to a tertiary cancer centre to identify the incidence of VTE, its relationship to chemotherapy and impact on survival. VTE risk scores were calculated using the Khorana index.

A novel electro-optical sensor format with generic applicability for exploitation with NAD(P) dependent enzymes.

This paper describes the development of a novel optically interrogated enzyme electrode with generic applicability for NAD(P) dependent enzymes. The example reported here employs a multi-enzyme pathway comprising the enzymes pyruvate kinase, hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and diaphorase. The final substrate of this pathway, dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP), was immobilised within an ultra-thin polymer film of o-phenylenediamine, itself electrochemically polymerised onto a conductive gold coating on the surface of a support polyethylene sheet.