Impact of two different periodized aerobic training on acute cerebrovascular response and cognitive performance in coronary heart disease patients.

The aim of this study was to measure the effects of chronic and acute aerobic exercise at two different intensities on cognitive performance and cerebrovascular response in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Thirty-five CHD patients completed two exercise bouts at 30% and 70% of their respective peak aerobic power on an ergocycle while performing cognitive tasks, which included nonexecutive and executive conditions before and after a 3-month training intervention. Variations of oxy- deoxy- and total hemoglobin concentrations were measured on the left prefrontal cortex at both intensities using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Effects of Physical Activity on Disordered Eating Behaviours in Individuals With a Psychotic Disorder.

Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of physical activity on cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating in individuals with a psychotic disorder.

Methods: Twenty-seven participants with a psychotic disorder (55% male; mean age: 30 ± 7.5 years; Caucasian: 66.

Resistance training and cardiometabolic risk in women with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity.

Despite some reported benefits, there is a low quality of evidence for resistance training (RT) improving metabolic health of individuals with overweight or obesity. We evaluated the impact of RT on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical performance, lipid-lipoprotein profile, inflammation, and glucose-insulin homeostasis in 51 postmenopausal women versus 29 controls matched for age, obesity, and physical activity. Exercised women were further subdivided for comparison of RT effects into those presenting metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and those with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) classified according to Karelis and Rabasa-Lhoret or an approach based on adipose tissue secretory dysfunction using the plasma adiponectin(A)/leptin (L) ratio.

Perspectives of wheelchair users with chronic spinal cord injury following a walking program using a wearable robotic exoskeleton.

Purpose: To examine the perspectives of wheelchair users with spinal cord injury (WU) regarding their participation in a 16-week walking program using a wearable robotic exoskeleton (WRE); and explore concerns and expectations regarding potential use of this device and intervention in the context of a home or community-based adapted physical activity program.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a narrative research, 3 weeks post-intervention. Thematic analysis resulted in 6 themes and 21 subthemes.

Potential mechanisms involved in regulating muscle protein turnover after acute exercise: A brief review.

It is well established that resistance training increases muscle mass. Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that a single session of resistance training is associated with an increase in muscle protein synthesis in young adults. However, the fundamental mechanisms that are involved in regulating muscle protein turnover rates after an acute bout of physical exercise are unclear.

Multiple routes to help you roam: A comparison of training interventions to improve cognitive-motor dual-tasking in healthy older adults.

Cognitive-motor dual-tasking is a complex activity that predicts falls risk and cognitive impairment in older adults. Cognitive and physical training can both lead to improvements in dual-tasking; however, less is known about what mechanisms underlie these changes. To investigate this, 33 healthy older adults were randomized to one of three training arms: Executive function (EF; = 10), Aerobic Exercise (AE; = 10), Gross Motor Abilities (GMA; = 13) over 12 weeks (1 h, 3×/week).

Physical Activity and Mindfulness are Associated with Lower Anxiety in Different but Complementary Ways.

Introduction: Anxiety is the most prevalent mental illness worldwide. Physical activity and mindfulness both reduce anxiety. The two are highly related; however, the relative association of physical activity and mindfulness on anxiety has yet to be examined.

Predictors of Academic Performance in High School Students: The Longitudinal ASAP Study.

Academic performance is influenced by multitude factors. However, little is known about their relative importance and how they evolve over time. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relative importance of cognitive control, physical, psychological and sociological factors as well as lifestyle habits in predicting academic performance in high school students using cross sectional and longitudinal approaches.

Wrist-worn devices for the measurement of heart rate and energy expenditure: A validation study for the Apple Watch 6, Polar Vantage V and Fitbit Sense.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of 3 recently released wrist-worn devices (Apple Watch 6, Polar Vantage V and Fitbit Sense) for heart rate and energy expenditure during various activities. The study population consisted of 60 young healthy individuals (30 men and 30 women; age: 24.9 ± 3.

A Comparison of the Effect of Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults.

Objectives: Studies suggest that cognitive training and physical activity can improve age-related deficits in dual-task performances. However, both of these interventions have never been compared in the same study. This article investigates the improvement in dual-task performance in 2 types of exercise training groups and a cognitive training group and explores if there are specific dual-task components that are more sensitive or more likely to improve following each type of training.

Gender Differences in Academic Performance of High School Students: The Relationship with Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Muscle Endurance, and Test Anxiety.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle endurance, and test anxiety levels with academic performance in both genders of high school students.

Methods: A total of 545 grade nine students (mean age: 14.1 ± 0.

A comparison of physical exercise and cognitive training interventions to improve determinants of functional mobility in healthy older adults.

Objectives: Mobility is a complex but crucial clinical outcome in older adults. Past observational studies have highlighted that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), energy cost of walking (ECW), and cognitive switching abilities are associated with mobility performance, making these key determinants of mobility intervention targets to enhance mobility in older adults. The objective of this study was to compare, in the same design, the impact of three training methods - each known to improve either CRF, ECW, or cognitive switching abilities - on mobility in healthy older adults.

The Role of the Teacher in the Implementation of a School-Based Intervention on the Physical Activity Practice of Children.

Medium- or long-term intervention strategies for physical activity practice (PAP) need to be more effective in terms of their implementation by practitioners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of a teacher to implement the Team Pentathlon (TP) in order to improve the PAP in primary children. TP is a health education program made to improve PAP of children through individual and collective achievements.

Comparing an adiposopathy approach with four popular classifications schemes to categorize the metabolic profile of postmenopausal women.

Numerous classifications are used to discern metabolically healthy obese (MHO) from metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) individuals. The goal of this study was to compare a single phenotype approach, adiposopathy (i.e.

Effects of an Overground Walking Program With a Robotic Exoskeleton on Long-Term Manual Wheelchair Users With a Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Self-Controlled Interventional Study.

Background: In wheelchair users with a chronic spinal cord injury (WU), prolonged nonactive sitting time and reduced physical activity-typically linked to this mode of mobility-contribute to the development or exacerbation of cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and endocrine-metabolic health complications that are often linked to increased risks of chronic pain or psychological morbidity. Limited evidence suggests that engaging in a walking program with a wearable robotic exoskeleton may be a promising physical activity intervention to counter these detrimental health effects.

Objective: This study's overall goals are as follows: (1) to determine the effects of a 16-week wearable robotic exoskeleton-assisted walking program on organic systems, functional capacities, and multifaceted psychosocial factors and (2) to determine self-reported satisfaction and perspectives with regard to the intervention and the device.

Motivational theory-based interventions on health of people with several mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Motivational theory-based interventions are known to be effective for increasing physical activity (PA) in the general population but their effects in people with severe mental illness are poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis on the effect of these interventions on PA and cardiometabolic risk factors. A systematic search of randomized controlled trials through 6 databases was carried out from inception to March 2019.

Is a vegan diet detrimental to endurance and muscle strength?

Background/objectives: In the general population, there is a popular belief that a vegan diet may be associated with a lower exercise performance due to the lack of certain nutrients in vegan individuals. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine endurance and muscle strength differences between vegan and omnivore participants.

Subjects/methods: We studied 56 healthy young lean physically active women (age: 25.

Do Mental Health Professionals Promote a Healthy Lifestyle among Individuals Experiencing Serious Mental Illness?

While a healthy lifestyle would be an asset to people experiencing psychotic disorders, not all mental health professionals provide counselling regarding healthy behaviours, such as physical activity, healthy nutrition, and tobacco cessation. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the factors associated with health promotion practice (HPP) among mental health professionals. Cross-sectional survey including mental health professionals across the Province of Quebec (Canada).

Relationship between interference control and working memory with academic performance in high school students: The Adolescent Student Academic Performance longitudinal study (ASAP).

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between interference control and working memory with academic performance in both female and male high school students using a longitudinal design.

Methods: One hundred and eighty-seven grade seventh to ninth students (mean age: 13.1 ± 1.

Effects of Dance/Movement Training vs. Aerobic Exercise Training on cognition, physical fitness and quality of life in older adults: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: It is generally accepted that physical activity promotes healthy aging. Recent studies suggest dance could also benefit cognition and physical health in seniors, but many styles and approaches of dance exist and rigorous designs for intervention studies are still scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Dance/Movement Training (DMT) to Aerobic Exercise Training (AET) on cognition, physical fitness and health-related quality of life in healthy inactive elderly.

Lifestyle Habits Predict Academic Performance in High School Students: The Adolescent Student Academic Performance Longitudinal Study (ASAP).

This study aimed to determine if lifestyle habits could predict changes in cognitive control and academic performance in high school students using a longitudinal approach. One hundred and eighty-seven grade seventh to ninth students (mean age: 13.1 ± 1.

Current Concepts in Healthy Aging and Physical Activity: A Viewpoint.

Physical activity plays an important role for achieving healthy aging by promoting independence and increasing the quality of life. However, current guidelines for physical activity in older adults may be difficult to achieve in an older population. Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that increasing exercise intensity in older adults may be associated with greater reductions in the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality.