Survival outcomes of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: A retrospective cohort study from a single tertiary center in South India.

Introduction: Chemotherapy, postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (pcRPLND), and metastasectomy remain the standard of care for the management of advanced nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT).

Methods: We retrospectively studied 73 patients who had pcRPLND at a single tertiary-care center (2003-2022). Surgical and clinicopathological features and oncological outcomes are presented.

End-of-Treatment FDG PET-CT (EOT-PET) in Patients with Post-Chemotherapy Masses for Seminoma: Can We Avoid Further Intervention?

Anjana Joel  Patients with seminoma present with advanced disease. End-of-treatment (EOT) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is done to assess response and direct management of post-chemotherapy residual masses.  This article assesses the utility of EOT PET-CT in the management of post-chemotherapy residual lymph nodal masses seminoma.

Efficacy of 1 versus 3 days of intravenous amikacin as a prophylaxis for patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate: A prospective randomized trial.

Introduction: There are no uniform guidelines on the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1 day versus 3 days of intravenous amikacin as prophylaxis, before TURP.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective randomized control trial, patients with sterile preoperative urine culture were randomized to receive either 1 day (Group A) or 3 days (Group B) of intravenous (IV) amikacin.

Satisfaction and genital perception after orchiectomy for prostate cancer: does the technique matter? A randomized trial.

Objectives: Bilateral extracapsular or total orchiectomy (BEO) for prostate cancer is presumed to have psychological consequences after the surgery due to perception of an empty scrotum. Bilateral subcapsular orchiectomy (BSO) was designed to preserve perception of palpable testes. We compared the patients' satisfaction and genital perception following BEO and BSO.

Diagnostic accuracy of urinary aquaporin-1 as a biomarker for renal cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Optimal patient selection plays a vital role in management of renal tumors with the introduction of nephron-sparing approaches and active surveillance. A reliable and accurate diagnostic biomarker will be a useful adjunct to decision-making. We studied the diagnostic accuracy of urinary aquaporin-1 (uAQP-1), an upcoming urinary biomarker, for renal cell carcinoma.

Post-transplant complications, patient, and graft survival in pediatric and adolescent kidney transplant recipients at a tropical tertiary care center across two immunosuppression eras.

Background: We report pediatric PAKT patient and graft outcomes at a large tropical tertiary center spanning two transplant eras.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all children ≤18 years who underwent kidney transplantation at our center between 1991 and 2016 were included. Data pertaining to their baseline characteristics, post-transplant events, and outcome were retrieved from transplant records and compared between transplant eras (1991-2005 and 2006-2016).

Can rectal catheters be avoided during paediatric urodynamic studies?

: To determine if the interpretation of urodynamic studies (UDS) in children without a rectal catheter may be similar to multi-channel studies, as UDS in children are challenging and can sometimes be difficult to interpret. : In this retrospective pilot study, 115 paediatric pressure-flow studies were included. A blinded investigator was given two sets of UDS traces.

Tamsulosin and placebo vs tamsulosin and tadalafil in male lower urinary tract symptoms: a double-blinded, randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin vs the combination of tamsulosin and tadalafil in male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Patients And Methods: This was a double-blinded, parallel-arm randomised controlled trial. Men aged >45 years with moderate LUTS and a maximum urinary flow rate (Q ) of 5-15 mL/s were included.

Sebaceous carcinoma of the penis: As aggressive as it is rare.

Malignant neoplasm of the penis is a rare cancer in industrialized countries but is not uncommon in India. Nearly 95% of penile cancer is squamous cell carcinoma. Malignant neoplasms of the sebaceous glands, which are mostly confined to the head and neck region, are even rarer.

Attitude and perceived barriers towards the practice of evidence-based urology amongst urological trainees in India.

Introduction: Evidence-based medicine requires systematic access and appraisal of contemporary research findings, followed by their application in clinical practice. It assumes an even greater significance in the current era of aggressive, industry-driven marketing.

Methods: A questionnaire was designed combining the McColl questionnaire and Barrier scale with relevant modifications and was administered to the urology trainees attending a continuing urological education program.

The Impact of Narrow Band Imaging in the Detection and Resection of Bladder Tumor in Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Prospective, Blinded, Sequential Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine the impact of Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) in detection and resection of tumors during transurethral resection of bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: This was a single center randomized prospective interventional study with a sequential intervention design. Patients with bladder tumors were randomized into 2 arms where they were resected under white light (WL) first followed by NBI in arm A, or NBI followed by WL in arm B.

Can kidneys be saved in patients with urinary tuberculosis? A study in the era of modern chemotherapy and surgical armamentarium.

Objective: To assess renal unit survival and factors affecting renal salvageability in a cohort of patients receiving modern medical and surgical therapy for urinary tuberculosis.

Methods: This was a retrospective single-center study including all patients diagnosed and treated as urinary tuberculosis between 2005 and 2015 at Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. The primary outcome was time to renal unit non-salvageability (estimated glomerular filtration rate of <15 mL/min).

Renal transplantation into optimized abnormal lower urinary tract - Impact on graft outcomes, patient survival, and complications.

Introduction: Literature regarding the outcomes of renal transplant in patients with abnormal lower urinary tracts (LUTs) is conflicting. The study aimed to determine the graft outcomes and complications of renal transplantation in an optimized abnormal LUT as compared to those with a normal LUT.

Materials And Methods: In this single-center retrospective-matched cohort study, we identified 31 patients with an optimized abnormal LUT in our transplant database between 2006 and 2016 (Group A) and selected an equal number of matched controls (Group B).

Positive ureteric margins at radical cystectomy: Can it be predicted at initial transurethral resection of bladder tumour?

Objective: To identify primary tumour-related factors at transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) that may predict positive distal ureteric margins (PUM) at the time of radical cystectomy (RC).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective, cohort study was conducted using our institution's data from June 2007 to June 2016. Patients who underwent TURBT followed by RC for non-metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder were identified.

Is there a role for second transurethral resection in pTa high-grade urothelial bladder cancer?

Introduction: Evidence for second transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) for pTa high-grade lesions is limited. This study aims to examine the role of a second TURBT in the pTa high-grade group and to generate recurrence and progression data for this group.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively studied the clinical profiles and outcomes of all patients diagnosed with high-grade pTa lesions at first TURBT, between the years 2006-2015.

Efficacy and role of Xpert /rifampicin assay in urinary tuberculosis.

Introduction: The aim was to study the accuracy of Xpert (Cepheid Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) /rifampicin (MTB/RIF) assay as compared to a composite gold standard (urine culture, imaging, and biopsy) and to asses its utility as the initial test compared to smear microscopy to diagnose urinary tuberculosis.

Methods: This prospective study included adult patients suspected to have urinary tuberculosis from March 2014 to December 2017.

Incision site metastasis: Adding insult to injury.

Incision site metastasis is a rare yet well-recognized complication of oncologic operations. We describe the case of a 60-year-old man with a large mass at the site of abdominal incision for a nephrectomy. The operation was performed for infection in an obstructed kidney, which in retrospect harbored malignancy.

A prospective randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess the effect of diuretics on shockwave lithotripsy of calculi.

Objective: To assess the effect of diuretics with shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) on the treatment of renal and upper ureteric calculi.

Patients And Methods: Adult patients with a solitary non-obstructive radio-opaque renal or upper ureteric calculus with normal renal function were included. They were prospectively randomised to receive either SWL with placebo or SWL with diuretics (40 mg parenteral furosemide) in a double-blind manner with a sample size of 48 patients in each arm.

Does asymptomatic prostatic inflammation alter the outcome of transurethral resection of prostate?

Introduction: There is contradictory evidence in literature with respect to the association of asymptomatic prostatic inflammation on biopsy with complications of Transurethral Resection of Prostate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of prostatitis in biopsy specimens of patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate with bladder neck contracture (the primary end point) and other complications.

Material And Methods: Patients who had undergone transurethral resection at a single centre between 2005 and 2010, with a minimum of 3 months follow-up were included.

Urine and serum fetuin-A levels in patients with urolithiasis.

Introduction: Fetuin-A is a glycoprotein secreted by liver and has been shown to inhibit extraosseous mineralization. Urolithiasis may be a manifestation in the urinary tract due to fetuin deficiency in urine. The objective of this study was to compare the 24-h urine and serum fetuin-A levels of patients with and without urolithiasis.

Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis with venous tumor thrombus.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy that results in venous tumor thrombosis. Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis with renal or vena cava thrombus is extremely rare. Fewer than 40 cases have been reported.

Surgical revascularization of bilateral renal artery stenosis due to fibromuscular dysplasia.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a noninflammatory disease affecting small- and medium-sized arteries of the renal and the carotids. It affects the renal arteries in nearly 60%-75% cases. The primary clinical manifestation of renal FMD is hypertension.